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Fertility & birth rates in France and Rwanda

Updated on by Georank team

France has an annual birth rate of 9.9 births per 1,000 people, compared to 28.3 for Rwanda. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.66 in France and 3.7 in Rwanda — 122.8% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -41.8% in France and by -55.4% in Rwanda — in 1960, it was 2.85 and 8.28, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • France is ranked 148/196 by birth rate compared to 38/196 for Rwanda.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 29.1 years in France, compared to 23 years in Rwanda.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31.8 in France — it's 30.6 in Rwanda.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 3.51 in France vs 30.8 in Rwanda.
  • In France, 21% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.2% in Rwanda.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.07% in France and +2.24% in Rwanda.

Birth rate data compared

France Rwanda
Fertility rate 1.66 3.7
Birth rate 9.9 28.3
Birth rate rank 148/196 38/196
Age at first childbirth 29.1 years 23 years
Average age at childbearing 31.8 years 30.6 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 3.14 30.2
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 58.3 155.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.2 66.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 21% 26.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 72.7% 58.4%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 98.2% 94.2%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.007% 0.23%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.27% 1.81%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.34% 3.05%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.43% 4%
Population change due to births and deaths +47,802 +312,762
Natural population change rank 97/196 51/196
Natural population change rate +0.07% +2.24%
Population growth +0.34% +2.16%
Population growth rank 147/197 47/197
Life expectancy 83.6 years 68.2 years

Fertility rate in France vs Rwanda chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in France was 1.66 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check France vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

France
Factual

UN forecast
Rwanda
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
France Rwanda
1960 2.85 8.28
1961 2.87 8.28
1962 2.89 8.27
1963 2.89 8.27
1964 2.87 8.27
1965 2.84 8.25
1966 2.8 8.23
1967 2.75 8.21
1968 2.69 8.19
1969 2.62 8.18
1970 2.55 8.15
1971 2.47 8.09
1972 2.38 8.09
1973 2.28 8.09
1974 2.18 8.1
1975 2.09 8.1
1976 2.01 8.12
1977 1.94 8.14
1978 1.89 8.16
1979 1.87 8.13
1980 1.85 8.12
1981 1.85 8.1
1982 1.86 8.06
1983 1.86 8
1984 1.86 7.91
1985 1.86 7.79
1986 1.85 7.61
1987 1.83 7.43
1988 1.81 7.23
1989 1.79 7.03
1990 1.77 6.8
1991 1.75 6.62
1992 1.74 6.54
1993 1.73 6.48
1994 1.73 6.42
1995 1.74 6.35
1996 1.75 6.29
1997 1.77 6.24
1998 1.78 6.17
1999 1.81 6.06
2000 1.89 5.97
2001 1.9 5.89
2002 1.88 5.82
2003 1.89 5.74
2004 1.92 5.64
2005 1.94 5.5
2006 2 5.34
2007 1.98 5.14
2008 2.01 4.92
2009 2 4.71
2010 2.03 4.52
2011 2.01 4.33
2012 2.01 4.2
2013 1.99 4.14
2014 2 4.12
2015 1.96 4.11
2016 1.92 4.11
2017 1.89 4.08
2018 1.87 4.05
2019 1.86 3.99
2020 1.83 3.91
2021 1.84 3.84
2022 1.79 3.78
2023 1.66 3.7
2024 1.66 3.64
2025 1.66 3.59
2026 1.66 3.54
2027 1.66 3.49
2028 1.66 3.43
2029 1.66 3.38
2030 1.66 3.33
2031 1.66 3.28
2032 1.66 3.24
2033 1.66 3.19
2034 1.66 3.15
2035 1.66 3.11
2036 1.66 3.07
2037 1.67 3.03
2038 1.66 2.99
2039 1.66 2.95
2040 1.66 2.92
2041 1.67 2.89
2042 1.67 2.85
2043 1.67 2.81
2044 1.67 2.78
2045 1.67 2.75
2046 1.67 2.72
2047 1.67 2.69
2048 1.67 2.67
2049 1.67 2.64
2050 1.67 2.61

Children 0-14 years as share of population

France
Factual

UN forecast
Rwanda
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
France Rwanda
1960 26.5% 49.2%
1961 26.5% 49.7%
1962 26.2% 50.2%
1963 26% 50.6%
1964 25.8% 50.8%
1965 25.6% 50.6%
1966 25.4% 50.2%
1967 25.3% 49.7%
1968 25.1% 49.2%
1969 25% 48.7%
1970 24.8% 48.2%
1971 24.7% 47.9%
1972 24.6% 47.5%
1973 24.4% 47.2%
1974 24.2% 46.9%
1975 23.9% 46.6%
1976 23.6% 46.4%
1977 23.3% 46.4%
1978 23% 46.4%
1979 22.7% 46.5%
1980 22.4% 46.8%
1981 22.1% 47.1%
1982 21.9% 47.4%
1983 21.7% 47.7%
1984 21.5% 48.1%
1985 21.3% 48.3%
1986 21% 48.6%
1987 20.7% 48.8%
1988 20.5% 48.9%
1989 20.3% 48.9%
1990 20.1% 49%
1991 20.1% 48.9%
1992 20% 48.7%
1993 19.9% 48.4%
1994 19.7% 50.1%
1995 19.5% 52.4%
1996 19.3% 51.4%
1997 19.1% 50.5%
1998 19% 49.2%
1999 19% 47.8%
2000 18.9% 46.4%
2001 18.9% 45.2%
2002 18.8% 44.3%
2003 18.7% 43.7%
2004 18.6% 43.3%
2005 18.5% 43.1%
2006 18.5% 42.9%
2007 18.4% 42.9%
2008 18.5% 42.8%
2009 18.5% 42.6%
2010 18.5% 42.4%
2011 18.5% 42.2%
2012 18.5% 41.9%
2013 18.4% 41.7%
2014 18.3% 41.4%
2015 18.2% 41.1%
2016 18.1% 40.9%
2017 17.9% 40.5%
2018 17.8% 40.1%
2019 17.6% 39.7%
2020 17.4% 39.2%
2021 17.2% 38.6%
2022 17% 38.2%
2023 16.8% 37.7%
2024 16.5% 37.4%
2025 16.2% 37%
2026 16% 36.7%
2027 15.7% 36.4%
2028 15.5% 36%
2029 15.3% 35.7%
2030 15.1% 35.4%
2031 15% 35%
2032 14.8% 34.7%
2033 14.8% 34.4%
2034 14.7% 34.1%
2035 14.7% 33.7%
2036 14.7% 33.4%
2037 14.7% 33.1%
2038 14.7% 32.9%
2039 14.8% 32.6%
2040 14.9% 32.3%
2041 15% 32%
2042 15.1% 31.7%
2043 15.2% 31.4%
2044 15.3% 31.1%
2045 15.4% 30.8%
2046 15.5% 30.5%
2047 15.5% 30.2%
2048 15.5% 29.9%
2049 15.6% 29.7%
2050 15.6% 29.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16.5% of the population in France and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 20.1% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of France and Rwanda compared.

Natural population change in France vs Rwanda by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.2% in France and +2.45% in Rwanda. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

France
Rwanda

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
France Rwanda
1960 346,115 100,627
1961 354,504 102,051
1962 358,082 102,548
1963 361,694 94,296
1964 360,631 102,562
1965 354,132 103,422
1966 352,181 105,128
1967 339,843 108,053
1968 337,346 111,422
1969 329,831 115,394
1970 322,444 119,273
1971 309,747 122,567
1972 296,589 126,403
1973 282,979 131,021
1974 268,733 135,743
1975 248,413 140,596
1976 227,776 147,665
1977 217,946 155,011
1978 213,462 163,779
1979 208,923 174,477
1980 210,042 184,988
1981 222,414 195,769
1982 234,389 205,147
1983 235,655 212,750
1984 248,086 219,337
1985 249,328 223,794
1986 250,606 225,526
1987 251,971 225,744
1988 247,672 223,759
1989 243,361 217,632
1990 238,870 207,895
1991 234,216 196,431
1992 229,502 188,025
1993 224,592 183,926
1994 201,704 -719,479
1995 220,303 121,137
1996 221,092 140,455
1997 215,885 174,687
1998 222,705 197,185
1999 229,907 210,518
2000 268,042 221,276
2001 263,867 230,845
2002 253,430 239,036
2003 230,325 251,243
2004 282,185 265,273
2005 271,677 275,121
2006 305,387 282,149
2007 288,076 285,791
2008 283,250 287,334
2009 278,238 287,034
2010 286,116 286,848
2011 280,966 282,922
2012 256,065 282,584
2013 244,192 286,331
2014 265,248 292,779
2015 206,300 299,114
2016 193,500 305,549
2017 160,604 310,323
2018 147,749 312,512
2019 141,503 313,525
2020 67,602 312,692
2021 74,627 309,895
2022 54,452 312,145
2023 47,802 312,762

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: France vs Rwanda

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 7 deaths per 100,000 live births in France, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

France
Rwanda
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
France Rwanda
1985 20 1,116
1986 20 1,126
1987 19 1,145
1988 19 1,188
1989 19 1,238
1990 18 1,309
1991 18 1,386
1992 17 1,530
1993 16 1,619
1994 15 5,721
1995 15 1,505
1996 13 1,295
1997 11 1,318
1998 10 1,268
1999 10 1,073
2000 9 885
2001 9 769
2002 9 677
2003 9 551
2004 9 460
2005 9 465
2006 9 494
2007 9 494
2008 10 454
2009 10 418
2010 9 393
2011 9 358
2012 9 331
2013 9 317
2014 9 301
2015 9 292
2016 9 278
2017 8 275
2018 9 269
2019 8 261
2020 9 252
2021 9 254
2022 9 234
2023 7 229

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.43% in France and 4% in Rwanda. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

France
Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
France Rwanda
1960 2.85% 22.4%
1961 2.7% 21.9%
1962 2.57% 21.5%
1963 2.45% 21.3%
1964 2.34% 21.1%
1965 2.24% 21.1%
1966 2.14% 21.2%
1967 2.06% 21.4%
1968 1.99% 21.7%
1969 1.91% 22%
1970 1.82% 22.3%
1971 1.74% 22.6%
1972 1.66% 23%
1973 1.6% 23.4%
1974 1.54% 24%
1975 1.49% 24.6%
1976 1.44% 25.1%
1977 1.39% 25.1%
1978 1.34% 24.6%
1979 1.28% 23.4%
1980 1.24% 21.8%
1981 1.19% 20.1%
1982 1.15% 18.6%
1983 1.11% 17.4%
1984 1.07% 16.6%
1985 1.04% 16.1%
1986 1.01% 15.6%
1987 0.98% 15.2%
1988 0.96% 14.8%
1989 0.93% 14.8%
1990 0.9% 15.1%
1991 0.86% 16%
1992 0.81% 17.5%
1993 0.75% 19.3%
1994 0.7% 38.9%
1995 0.65% 21.8%
1996 0.61% 22.2%
1997 0.58% 22.2%
1998 0.57% 21.5%
1999 0.55% 20.2%
2000 0.54% 18.5%
2001 0.52% 16.7%
2002 0.51% 14.9%
2003 0.49% 13.3%
2004 0.48% 11.8%
2005 0.46% 10.5%
2006 0.45% 9.37%
2007 0.44% 8.45%
2008 0.44% 7.62%
2009 0.43% 6.92%
2010 0.42% 6.33%
2011 0.42% 5.81%
2012 0.41% 5.45%
2013 0.41% 5.17%
2014 0.41% 4.96%
2015 0.42% 4.78%
2016 0.42% 4.63%
2017 0.42% 4.52%
2018 0.42% 4.43%
2019 0.42% 4.34%
2020 0.42% 4.25%
2021 0.43% 4.16%
2022 0.43% 4.08%
2023 0.43% 4%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs France vs Rwanda
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