Fertility & birth rates in Gambia and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Gambia vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Gambia

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Gambia	Rwanda
2023	4.01	3.7
2022	4.08	3.78
2021	4.17	3.84
2020	4.25	3.91
2019	4.33	3.99
2018	4.42	4.05
2017	4.61	4.08
2016	4.81	4.11
2015	5	4.11
2014	5.2	4.12
2013	5.39	4.14
2012	5.52	4.2
2011	5.54	4.33
2010	5.56	4.52
2009	5.57	4.71
2008	5.63	4.92
2007	5.69	5.14
2006	5.74	5.34
2005	5.71	5.5
2004	5.68	5.64
2003	5.66	5.74
2002	5.66	5.82
2001	5.67	5.89
2000	5.72	5.97
1999	5.77	6.06
1998	5.82	6.17
1997	5.85	6.24
1996	5.93	6.29
1995	5.99	6.35
1994	6.04	6.42
1993	6.03	6.48
1992	6.11	6.54
1991	6.19	6.62
1990	6.25	6.8
1989	6.25	7.03
1988	6.26	7.23
1987	6.3	7.43
1986	6.34	7.61
1985	6.36	7.79
1984	6.39	7.91
1983	6.39	8
1982	6.4	8.06
1981	6.4	8.1
1980	6.41	8.12
1979	6.41	8.13
1978	6.42	8.16
1977	6.43	8.14
1976	6.43	8.12
1975	6.43	8.1
1974	6.42	8.1
1973	6.41	8.09
1972	6.37	8.09
1971	6.33	8.09
1970	6.26	8.15
1969	6.25	8.18
1968	6.22	8.19
1967	6.21	8.21
1966	6.18	8.23
1965	6.19	8.25
1964	6.2	8.27
1963	6.2	8.27
1962	6.21	8.27
1961	6.23	8.28
1960	6.25	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in the Gambia was 4.01 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check the Gambia vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Gambia

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Gambia	Rwanda
2023	65,118	312,762
2022	63,634	312,145
2021	62,239	309,895
2020	62,209	312,692
2019	61,701	313,525
2018	60,854	312,512
2017	61,665	310,323
2016	62,358	305,549
2015	62,832	299,114
2014	63,185	292,779
2013	63,510	286,331
2012	62,745	282,584
2011	60,571	282,922
2010	58,554	286,848
2009	56,575	287,034
2008	55,032	287,334
2007	53,653	285,791
2006	52,335	282,149
2005	50,010	275,121
2004	48,276	265,273
2003	46,473	251,243
2002	45,156	239,036
2001	44,154	230,845
2000	43,249	221,276
1999	42,533	210,518
1998	41,842	197,185
1997	40,742	174,687
1996	40,253	140,455
1995	39,681	121,137
1994	38,880	-719,479
1993	37,302	183,926
1992	35,951	188,025
1991	34,584	196,431
1990	33,163	207,895
1989	31,504	217,632
1988	29,938	223,759
1987	28,452	225,744
1986	27,195	225,526
1985	25,795	223,794
1984	24,586	219,337
1983	23,175	212,750
1982	21,894	205,147
1981	20,156	195,769
1980	19,566	184,988
1979	18,543	174,477
1978	17,424	163,779
1977	16,773	155,011
1976	16,032	147,665
1975	15,256	140,596
1974	14,628	135,743
1973	14,046	131,021
1972	13,432	126,403
1971	12,842	122,567
1970	12,128	119,273
1969	11,670	115,394
1968	11,215	111,422
1967	10,823	108,053
1966	10,422	105,128
1965	10,162	103,422
1964	9,825	102,562
1963	9,493	94,296
1962	9,150	102,548
1961	8,778	102,051
1960	8,420	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.41% in the Gambia and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.59% in the Gambia and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Gambia vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Gambia

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Gambia	Rwanda
2023	30.4	28.3
2022	30.8	28.9
2021	31.2	29.4
2020	31.5	30
2019	31.9	30.7
2018	32.3	31.2
2017	33.5	31.7
2016	34.6	32
2015	35.7	32.1
2014	36.9	32.2
2013	38.1	32.4
2012	38.8	32.9
2011	38.8	33.8
2010	38.9	35.1
2009	38.9	36.3
2008	39.2	37.6
2007	39.5	38.8
2006	39.9	39.9
2005	39.7	40.6
2004	39.7	41.1
2003	39.7	41.4
2002	40	41.8
2001	40.5	42.1
2000	41.1	42.1
1999	41.8	42.1
1998	42.5	42.2
1997	43.2	40.5
1996	44.1	37.2
1995	45.1	39.5
1994	45.9	48
1993	46.1	41.5
1992	46.6	42.2
1991	47.2	42.8
1990	47.7	44.1
1989	47.9	45.3
1988	48.1	46.6
1987	48.5	47.8
1986	48.8	49
1985	49	50.2
1984	49.3	51.1
1983	49	51.8
1982	48.8	52.4
1981	48.5	52.7
1980	48.2	52.7
1979	47.8	52.5
1978	47.6	52.1
1977	47.5	51.6
1976	47.4	51.1
1975	47.3	50.4
1974	47.3	50
1973	47.5	49.4
1972	47.5	48.9
1971	47.6	48.5
1970	47.4	48.2
1969	47.6	47.9
1968	47.9	47.6
1967	48.2	47.4
1966	48.5	47.6
1965	49	48
1964	49.4	48.8
1963	49.8	49.8
1962	50	50.9
1961	50.3	52
1960	50.4	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 30.4 in the Gambia and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 50.4 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Gambia

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Gambia	Rwanda
2100	18.1%	18.7%
2099	18.2%	18.9%
2098	18.3%	19%
2097	18.4%	19.1%
2096	18.5%	19.3%
2095	18.6%	19.4%
2094	18.7%	19.6%
2093	18.9%	19.7%
2092	19%	19.9%
2091	19.1%	20%
2090	19.3%	20.2%
2089	19.4%	20.4%
2088	19.6%	20.5%
2087	19.7%	20.7%
2086	19.9%	20.9%
2085	20%	21.1%
2084	20.2%	21.3%
2083	20.3%	21.5%
2082	20.5%	21.7%
2081	20.6%	21.9%
2080	20.8%	22.1%
2079	21%	22.2%
2078	21.2%	22.4%
2077	21.3%	22.6%
2076	21.5%	22.8%
2075	21.7%	23%
2074	21.9%	23.2%
2073	22.1%	23.4%
2072	22.3%	23.6%
2071	22.6%	23.8%
2070	22.8%	24%
2069	23%	24.2%
2068	23.2%	24.4%
2067	23.5%	24.6%
2066	23.7%	24.9%
2065	24%	25.1%
2064	24.3%	25.3%
2063	24.5%	25.6%
2062	24.8%	25.8%
2061	25.1%	26.1%
2060	25.4%	26.4%
2059	25.7%	26.7%
2058	26%	27%
2057	26.3%	27.3%
2056	26.7%	27.6%
2055	27%	27.9%
2054	27.3%	28.3%
2053	27.6%	28.6%
2052	28%	28.9%
2051	28.3%	29.2%
2050	28.6%	29.5%
2049	28.9%	29.8%
2048	29.3%	30.1%
2047	29.6%	30.4%
2046	30%	30.7%
2045	30.3%	31%
2044	30.7%	31.2%
2043	31.1%	31.5%
2042	31.5%	31.8%
2041	31.9%	32.1%
2040	32.3%	32.4%
2039	32.7%	32.7%
2038	33.2%	33%
2037	33.6%	33.3%
2036	34.1%	33.6%
2035	34.5%	33.9%
2034	35%	34.2%
2033	35.4%	34.6%
2032	35.9%	34.9%
2031	36.4%	35.2%
2030	37%	35.6%
2029	37.6%	35.9%
2028	38.2%	36.2%
2027	38.9%	36.5%
2026	39.5%	36.9%
2025	40%	37.2%
2024	40.2%	37.4%
2023	40.7%	37.7%
2022	41.2%	38.2%
2021	41.6%	38.6%
2020	42%	39.2%
2019	42.4%	39.7%
2018	42.8%	40.1%
2017	43.1%	40.5%
2016	43.3%	40.9%
2015	43.6%	41.1%
2014	43.7%	41.4%
2013	43.9%	41.7%
2012	44.1%	41.9%
2011	44.3%	42.2%
2010	44.5%	42.4%
2009	44.8%	42.6%
2008	45.1%	42.8%
2007	45.3%	42.9%
2006	45.6%	42.9%
2005	45.9%	43.1%
2004	46.1%	43.3%
2003	46.4%	43.7%
2002	46.6%	44.3%
2001	46.7%	45.2%
2000	46.8%	46.4%
1999	46.9%	47.8%
1998	46.9%	49.2%
1997	46.9%	50.5%
1996	46.7%	51.4%
1995	46.5%	52.4%
1994	46.3%	50.1%
1993	46%	48.4%
1992	45.9%	48.7%
1991	45.8%	48.9%
1990	45.7%	49%
1989	45.6%	48.9%
1988	45.5%	48.9%
1987	45.4%	48.8%
1986	45.2%	48.6%
1985	45%	48.3%
1984	44.9%	48.1%
1983	44.6%	47.7%
1982	44.3%	47.4%
1981	44%	47.1%
1980	43.7%	46.8%
1979	43.5%	46.5%
1978	43.3%	46.4%
1977	43%	46.4%
1976	42.8%	46.4%
1975	42.6%	46.6%
1974	42.4%	46.9%
1973	42.3%	47.2%
1972	42.2%	47.5%
1971	42.1%	47.9%
1970	42%	48.2%
1969	41.9%	48.7%
1968	41.8%	49.2%
1967	41.6%	49.7%
1966	41.5%	50.2%
1965	41.3%	50.6%
1964	41%	50.8%
1963	40.8%	50.6%
1962	40.7%	50.2%
1961	40.8%	49.7%
1960	41%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 40.2% of the population in the Gambia and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 45.7% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of the Gambia and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Gambia vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Gambia

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Gambia	Rwanda
2023	354	229
2022	365	234
2021	420	254
2020	400	252
2019	422	261
2018	450	269
2017	469	275
2016	490	278
2015	527	292
2014	561	301
2013	606	317
2012	628	331
2011	634	358
2010	632	393
2009	634	418
2008	653	454
2007	675	494
2006	682	494
2005	707	465
2004	719	460
2003	749	551
2002	772	677
2001	794	769
2000	810	885
1999	830	1,073
1998	867	1,268
1997	928	1,318
1996	956	1,295
1995	999	1,505
1994	1,039	5,721
1993	1,072	1,619
1992	1,115	1,530
1991	1,167	1,386
1990	1,207	1,309
1989	1,258	1,238
1988	1,302	1,188
1987	1,360	1,145
1986	1,401	1,126
1985	1,454	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 354 deaths per 100,000 live births in the Gambia, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Gambia

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Gambia	Rwanda
2023	4.41%	4%
2022	4.56%	4.08%
2021	4.72%	4.16%
2020	4.89%	4.25%
2019	5.07%	4.34%
2018	5.27%	4.43%
2017	5.47%	4.52%
2016	5.7%	4.63%
2015	5.93%	4.78%
2014	6.18%	4.96%
2013	6.45%	5.17%
2012	6.73%	5.45%
2011	7.01%	5.81%
2010	7.31%	6.33%
2009	7.64%	6.92%
2008	7.98%	7.62%
2007	8.33%	8.45%
2006	8.71%	9.37%
2005	9.11%	10.5%
2004	9.52%	11.8%
2003	9.95%	13.3%
2002	10.4%	14.9%
2001	10.9%	16.7%
2000	11.3%	18.5%
1999	11.8%	20.2%
1998	12.3%	21.5%
1997	12.8%	22.2%
1996	13.3%	22.2%
1995	13.9%	21.8%
1994	14.4%	38.9%
1993	14.9%	19.3%
1992	15.5%	17.5%
1991	16%	16%
1990	16.6%	15.1%
1989	17.2%	14.8%
1988	17.8%	14.8%
1987	18.4%	15.2%
1986	19.1%	15.6%
1985	19.7%	16.1%
1984	20.4%	16.6%
1983	21%	17.4%
1982	21.7%	18.6%
1981	22.3%	20.1%
1980	23%	21.8%
1979	23.6%	23.4%
1978	24.2%	24.6%
1977	24.9%	25.1%
1976	25.5%	25.1%
1975	26.2%	24.6%
1974	26.9%	24%
1973	27.5%	23.4%
1972	28.2%	23%
1971	28.9%	22.6%
1970	29.5%	22.3%
1969	30.2%	22%
1968	30.9%	21.7%
1967	31.5%	21.4%
1966	32.1%	21.2%
1965	32.8%	21.1%
1964	33.5%	21.1%
1963	34.1%	21.3%
1962	34.8%	21.5%
1961	35.5%	21.9%
1960	36.2%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.41% in the Gambia and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.