Skip to content

Fertility & birth rates in Poland and Sweden

Updated on by Georank team

Poland has an annual birth rate of 7.4 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.5 for Sweden. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.16 in Poland and 1.45 in Sweden — 25.2% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -61.1% in Poland and by -33.2% in Sweden — in 1960, it was 2.98 and 2.17, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Poland is ranked 183/196 by birth rate compared to 153/196 for Sweden.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 28.4 years in Poland, compared to 30 years in Sweden.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 30 in Poland — it's 31.7 in Sweden.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 6.19 in Poland vs 1.79 in Sweden.
  • In Poland, 22.9% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.3% in Sweden.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Poland and +0.05% in Sweden.

Birth rate data compared

Poland Sweden
Fertility rate 1.16 1.45
Birth rate 7.4 9.5
Birth rate rank 183/196 153/196
Age at first childbirth 28.4 years 30 years
Average age at childbearing 30 years 31.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 5.61 1.63
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 67.4 54
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 11.8 18.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 22.9% 21.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 50.7% n/a
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.6% 100%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.002% 0.004%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.24% 0.14%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.37% 0.2%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.44% 0.25%
Population change due to births and deaths -135,743 +5,269
Natural population change rank 190/196 125/196
Natural population change rate -0.37% +0.05%
Population growth -0.36% +0.31%
Population growth rank 179/197 148/197
Life expectancy 79 years 83.6 years

Fertility rate in Poland vs Sweden chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Poland was 1.16 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.45 in Sweden in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Poland vs Sweden population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Poland
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Poland Sweden
1960 2.98 2.17
1961 2.83 2.21
1962 2.72 2.25
1963 2.7 2.33
1964 2.57 2.47
1965 2.52 2.39
1966 2.34 2.37
1967 2.33 2.28
1968 2.24 2.07
1969 2.2 1.93
1970 2.2 1.92
1971 2.25 1.96
1972 2.24 1.91
1973 2.26 1.87
1974 2.26 1.87
1975 2.27 1.77
1976 2.3 1.68
1977 2.23 1.64
1978 2.21 1.6
1979 2.28 1.66
1980 2.28 1.68
1981 2.24 1.63
1982 2.34 1.62
1983 2.42 1.61
1984 2.37 1.66
1985 2.33 1.74
1986 2.22 1.8
1987 2.15 1.84
1988 2.13 1.96
1989 2.08 2.01
1990 2.06 2.13
1991 2.07 2.11
1992 1.95 2.09
1993 1.87 1.99
1994 1.81 1.88
1995 1.62 1.73
1996 1.59 1.6
1997 1.51 1.52
1998 1.44 1.5
1999 1.37 1.5
2000 1.37 1.54
2001 1.31 1.57
2002 1.25 1.65
2003 1.22 1.71
2004 1.23 1.75
2005 1.24 1.77
2006 1.27 1.85
2007 1.31 1.88
2008 1.39 1.91
2009 1.4 1.94
2010 1.41 1.98
2011 1.33 1.9
2012 1.33 1.91
2013 1.29 1.89
2014 1.32 1.88
2015 1.32 1.85
2016 1.39 1.85
2017 1.48 1.78
2018 1.46 1.76
2019 1.44 1.71
2020 1.39 1.67
2021 1.33 1.67
2022 1.29 1.53
2023 1.16 1.45
2024 1.16 1.45
2025 1.17 1.46
2026 1.17 1.46
2027 1.17 1.47
2028 1.18 1.47
2029 1.18 1.48
2030 1.19 1.48
2031 1.19 1.49
2032 1.19 1.49
2033 1.2 1.49
2034 1.2 1.5
2035 1.21 1.5
2036 1.21 1.5
2037 1.21 1.51
2038 1.21 1.51
2039 1.22 1.51
2040 1.22 1.52
2041 1.22 1.52
2042 1.22 1.53
2043 1.23 1.53
2044 1.23 1.53
2045 1.24 1.53
2046 1.24 1.53
2047 1.24 1.54
2048 1.24 1.54
2049 1.24 1.54
2050 1.25 1.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Poland
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Poland Sweden
1960 33.4% 22.4%
1961 33.4% 22%
1962 33% 21.5%
1963 32.5% 21.2%
1964 31.9% 21%
1965 31.1% 20.9%
1966 30.3% 20.9%
1967 29.5% 21%
1968 28.6% 20.9%
1969 27.8% 20.9%
1970 26.9% 20.8%
1971 26.1% 20.8%
1972 25.4% 20.8%
1973 24.8% 20.7%
1974 24.3% 20.7%
1975 24% 20.7%
1976 24% 20.6%
1977 24% 20.5%
1978 24% 20.3%
1979 24.1% 19.9%
1980 24.3% 19.6%
1981 24.5% 19.2%
1982 24.7% 18.9%
1983 25% 18.6%
1984 25.3% 18.3%
1985 25.5% 18.2%
1986 25.6% 18%
1987 25.6% 17.9%
1988 25.5% 17.8%
1989 25.3% 17.8%
1990 25% 17.9%
1991 24.6% 18.1%
1992 24.3% 18.4%
1993 23.9% 18.6%
1994 23.4% 18.8%
1995 22.8% 18.9%
1996 22.2% 18.8%
1997 21.6% 18.7%
1998 20.9% 18.7%
1999 20.2% 18.6%
2000 19.4% 18.4%
2001 18.7% 18.3%
2002 18.1% 18.1%
2003 17.5% 17.9%
2004 17% 17.7%
2005 16.5% 17.4%
2006 16% 17.1%
2007 15.7% 16.9%
2008 15.4% 16.7%
2009 15.2% 16.6%
2010 15.1% 16.6%
2011 15.2% 16.7%
2012 15.1% 16.8%
2013 15.1% 17%
2014 15.1% 17.2%
2015 15.1% 17.3%
2016 15.1% 17.5%
2017 15.2% 17.7%
2018 15.3% 17.8%
2019 15.4% 17.8%
2020 15.5% 17.7%
2021 15.5% 17.7%
2022 15.3% 17.5%
2023 15.1% 17.2%
2024 14.8% 17%
2025 14.5% 16.7%
2026 14.1% 16.4%
2027 13.8% 16.2%
2028 13.5% 15.9%
2029 13.2% 15.6%
2030 13% 15.3%
2031 12.7% 15.1%
2032 12.4% 14.8%
2033 12.1% 14.5%
2034 11.8% 14.3%
2035 11.5% 14.1%
2036 11.3% 13.9%
2037 11.2% 13.8%
2038 11.1% 13.8%
2039 11.1% 13.8%
2040 11.1% 13.8%
2041 11% 13.8%
2042 11.1% 13.9%
2043 11.1% 13.9%
2044 11.1% 14%
2045 11.2% 14.1%
2046 11.3% 14.1%
2047 11.3% 14.2%
2048 11.4% 14.3%
2049 11.5% 14.4%
2050 11.5% 14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.8% of the population in Poland and 17% in Sweden in 2024, compared to 25% and 17.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Poland and Sweden compared.

Natural population change in Poland vs Sweden by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.18% in Poland and +0.2% in Sweden. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Poland
Sweden

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Poland Sweden
1960 444,562 27,693
1961 398,521 30,832
1962 360,671 30,246
1963 359,330 35,741
1964 326,965 45,968
1965 314,450 44,857
1966 297,801 45,286
1967 275,089 41,700
1968 280,963 30,858
1969 270,151 23,904
1970 280,913 30,563
1971 278,660 31,583
1972 314,028 28,428
1973 320,229 24,409
1974 346,893 23,664
1975 350,356 14,746
1976 367,612 8,222
1977 353,828 7,426
1978 339,166 4,138
1979 366,571 4,976
1980 348,627 5,818
1981 351,806 1,664
1982 369,551 1,665
1983 373,032 833
1984 332,137 3,335
1985 297,615 4,175
1986 258,448 9,206
1987 226,008 11,757
1988 215,599 15,186
1989 182,215 24,629
1990 160,066 29,100
1991 141,511 29,299
1992 118,928 28,605
1993 103,846 20,924
1994 96,357 20,196
1995 46,314 9,710
1996 42,487 1,768
1997 34,785 -3,539
1998 19,332 -3,541
1999 0 -6,201
2000 11,478 -2,662
2001 3,825 -1,779
2002 -3,823 893
2003 -15,281 6,271
2004 -7,637 9,893
2005 -3,817 9,030
2006 3,814 15,436
2007 11,436 15,552
2008 34,313 18,439
2009 30,521 21,387
2010 38,043 25,320
2011 11,419 21,733
2012 0 20,943
2013 -19,020 23,041
2014 0 26,179
2015 -26,590 23,518
2016 -3,797 25,800
2017 0 24,138
2018 -26,582 23,403
2019 -34,169 25,697
2020 -120,050 14,495
2021 -184,907 22,914
2022 -143,605 10,487
2023 -135,743 5,269

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Poland vs Sweden

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Poland, compared to 4 deaths in Sweden.

Poland
Sweden
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Poland Sweden
1985 19 8
1986 19 8
1987 18 8
1988 18 9
1989 18 9
1990 18 8
1991 18 8
1992 16 8
1993 15 8
1994 14 7
1995 12 7
1996 11 6
1997 10 6
1998 9 6
1999 8 6
2000 7 5
2001 6 5
2002 5 5
2003 5 5
2004 4 5
2005 4 5
2006 4 5
2007 3 5
2008 3 5
2009 3 5
2010 3 5
2011 2 5
2012 2 5
2013 2 5
2014 2 5
2015 2 5
2016 2 5
2017 2 5
2018 2 5
2019 2 4
2020 3 5
2021 2 5
2022 2 5
2023 2 4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.44% in Poland and 0.25% in Sweden. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Poland
Sweden

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Poland Sweden
1960 6.51% 1.96%
1961 6.02% 1.92%
1962 5.6% 1.86%
1963 5.23% 1.79%
1964 4.89% 1.71%
1965 4.57% 1.63%
1966 4.29% 1.56%
1967 4.06% 1.49%
1968 3.89% 1.44%
1969 3.75% 1.39%
1970 3.59% 1.34%
1971 3.42% 1.29%
1972 3.24% 1.23%
1973 3.06% 1.16%
1974 2.9% 1.09%
1975 2.79% 1.03%
1976 2.7% 0.98%
1977 2.62% 0.94%
1978 2.54% 0.9%
1979 2.47% 0.87%
1980 2.4% 0.84%
1981 2.33% 0.82%
1982 2.26% 0.8%
1983 2.19% 0.78%
1984 2.11% 0.77%
1985 2.03% 0.76%
1986 1.96% 0.75%
1987 1.89% 0.74%
1988 1.84% 0.73%
1989 1.79% 0.72%
1990 1.74% 0.7%
1991 1.69% 0.66%
1992 1.65% 0.62%
1993 1.6% 0.57%
1994 1.53% 0.52%
1995 1.43% 0.48%
1996 1.32% 0.46%
1997 1.2% 0.44%
1998 1.09% 0.42%
1999 1% 0.41%
2000 0.93% 0.41%
2001 0.88% 0.4%
2002 0.84% 0.4%
2003 0.81% 0.39%
2004 0.78% 0.37%
2005 0.76% 0.36%
2006 0.73% 0.35%
2007 0.7% 0.33%
2008 0.67% 0.32%
2009 0.63% 0.31%
2010 0.6% 0.31%
2011 0.57% 0.3%
2012 0.54% 0.3%
2013 0.52% 0.29%
2014 0.5% 0.29%
2015 0.49% 0.29%
2016 0.48% 0.28%
2017 0.46% 0.28%
2018 0.45% 0.27%
2019 0.44% 0.26%
2020 0.44% 0.26%
2021 0.44% 0.25%
2022 0.44% 0.25%
2023 0.44% 0.25%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Poland vs Sweden
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare