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Economy of Brunei vs Lithuania compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Brunei has a GDP of $15.5B compared to $84.9B for Lithuania, ranking 142/197 and 78/197 by economy size, respectively.

Brunei has $354M in government debt (2.21% of GDP), compared to $32.4B (41.8% of GDP) in Lithuania.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Brunei
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Lithuania
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Brunei Lithuania
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1965 $114,039,501 - - -
1966 $132,757,528 - - -
1967 $139,029,537 - - -
1968 $160,818,236 - - -
1969 $161,210,236 - - -
1970 $179,078,929 - - -
1971 $197,525,768 - - -
1972 $270,822,782 - - -
1973 $433,095,527 - - -
1974 $2,319,576,214 $9,912,272,228 - -
1975 $2,496,420,258 $9,848,309,170 - -
1976 $3,054,765,590 $11,904,058,997 - -
1977 $3,681,242,528 $13,086,612,366 - -
1978 $4,100,423,674 $14,005,179,258 - -
1979 $6,044,367,628 $17,413,814,223 - -
1980 $10,795,432,294 $15,723,288,076 - -
1981 $9,367,218,664 $12,203,657,713 - -
1982 $8,932,198,186 $12,484,528,554 - -
1983 $7,927,590,750 $12,534,388,934 - -
1984 $7,632,788,075 $12,236,497,439 - -
1985 $6,967,623,884 $11,880,752,592 - -
1986 $4,190,280,003 $11,238,334,124 - -
1987 $4,918,010,080 $11,472,489,786 - -
1988 $4,535,130,305 $11,296,288,038 - -
1989 $4,983,622,881 $10,988,327,005 - -
1990 $6,039,881,087 $11,278,756,571 - $30,815,380,912
1991 $6,284,497,300 $11,607,042,399 - $29,066,403,740
1992 $6,327,966,445 $11,244,830,849 - $22,887,185,525
1993 $6,203,339,925 $11,173,577,998 - $19,173,313,428
1994 $6,467,782,521 $11,284,501,978 - $17,300,837,661
1995 $7,700,144,057 $11,436,537,377 $7,921,210,340 $17,870,049,093
1996 $7,663,377,277 $11,433,413,458 $8,430,207,164 $18,768,366,412
1997 $7,793,034,390 $12,158,742,942 $10,168,271,903 $20,326,259,135
1998 $5,550,846,025 $11,349,316,036 $11,289,161,847 $21,843,195,079
1999 $6,309,070,375 $11,832,878,892 $11,022,095,814 $21,603,573,442
2000 $6,570,999,060 $12,244,033,124 $11,550,695,727 $22,342,117,971
2001 $6,096,155,748 $12,423,538,059 $12,260,761,329 $23,790,809,197
2002 $6,333,082,879 $12,915,688,955 $14,282,292,665 $25,389,513,379
2003 $7,167,725,265 $13,378,513,489 $18,809,197,970 $28,068,588,416
2004 $8,619,178,799 $13,392,499,179 $22,743,164,431 $29,893,617,960
2005 $10,547,202,612 $13,391,973,498 $26,105,207,115 $32,204,827,117
2006 $12,644,616,446 $13,940,831,828 $30,116,192,747 $34,586,529,059
2007 $13,432,029,496 $13,416,151,409 $39,729,151,615 $38,417,999,936
2008 $15,926,456,492 $12,892,826,139 $47,831,254,208 $39,416,661,071
2009 $11,912,904,529 $12,647,829,712 $37,494,380,039 $33,567,775,754
2010 $13,707,121,031 $12,994,552,805 $36,638,128,534 $33,711,177,147
2011 $18,524,791,071 $13,481,121,671 $43,186,501,863 $35,842,949,499
2012 $19,048,443,340 $13,604,222,555 $42,709,372,067 $37,413,912,227
2013 $18,094,148,099 $13,315,162,321 $46,303,660,422 $38,928,020,774
2014 $17,097,797,372 $12,981,233,068 $48,306,546,657 $40,396,597,407
2015 $12,930,296,852 $12,930,296,852 $41,540,954,817 $41,540,954,817
2016 $11,400,266,055 $12,609,894,730 $42,970,749,245 $42,650,896,791
2017 $12,128,168,047 $12,777,445,744 $47,756,764,508 $44,618,059,836
2018 $13,566,908,401 $12,784,137,427 $54,261,795,149 $46,812,540,125
2019 $13,469,235,348 $13,278,735,782 $55,122,066,226 $49,002,127,329
2020 $12,005,799,664 $13,429,260,000 $57,412,038,533 $49,023,107,999
2021 $14,006,496,614 $13,215,632,370 $67,037,321,009 $52,150,790,163
2022 $16,681,536,443 $13,000,438,060 $71,033,884,500 $53,474,129,887
2023 $15,095,084,686 $13,147,036,745 $79,789,877,416 $53,657,151,896
2024 $15,463,134,387 $13,699,261,291 $84,869,215,513 $55,144,866,855

Economic indicators

Brunei Lithuania
Gross domestic product
$15.5B
2024
$84.9B
2024
GDP rank
142/197
2024
78/197
2024
GDP growth
2.44%
2023-2024
6.37%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$33,418
2024
$29,386
2024
GDP per capita rank
35/197
2024
43/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$90,007
2024
$54,414
2024
Government debt
$354M
2024
$32.4B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
2.21%
2025
41.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$765
2024
$11,232
2024
Government debt per person rank
151/185
2024
50/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$22,191
2025
$18,848
2025
Income share by richest 10% n/a
27.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
2.2%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
30%
2025
41.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
-0.39%
2023-2024
0.72%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
5.3%
2023
7.1%
2024
Population
469088
2858798

GDP per capita in Brunei vs Lithuania

Brunei's GDP per capita is $33,418, ranking 35/197, compared to $29,386 in Lithuania, ranking 43/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Brunei ranks 9th at $90,007, while Lithuania ranks 38th at $54,414.

Brunei
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Lithuania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Brunei Lithuania
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1965 $1,029 - - -
1966 $1,146 - - -
1967 $1,149 - - -
1968 $1,274 - - -
1969 $1,226 - - -
1970 $1,325 - - -
1971 $1,432 - - -
1972 $1,905 - - -
1973 $2,939 - - -
1974 $15,195 - - -
1975 $15,793 - - -
1976 $18,671 - - -
1977 $21,747 - - -
1978 $23,447 - - -
1979 $33,501 - - -
1980 $58,005 - - -
1981 $48,793 - - -
1982 $45,075 - - -
1983 $38,720 - - -
1984 $36,061 - - -
1985 $31,827 - - -
1986 $18,501 - - -
1987 $21,030 - - -
1988 $18,825 - - -
1989 $20,090 - - -
1990 $23,659 $70,201 - $8,947
1991 $23,932 $72,610 - $8,710
1992 $23,451 $70,016 - $7,022
1993 $22,397 $69,387 - $6,051
1994 $22,767 $69,779 - $5,615
1995 $26,443 $70,440 $2,183 $5,967
1996 $25,692 $70,008 $2,341 $6,420
1997 $25,522 $73,980 $2,844 $7,103
1998 $17,769 $68,257 $3,181 $7,797
1999 $19,752 $70,585 $3,128 $7,857
2000 $20,130 $73,087 $3,301 $8,466
2001 $18,288 $74,254 $3,533 $9,457
2002 $18,621 $76,838 $4,148 $10,497
2003 $20,678 $79,632 $5,507 $12,086
2004 $24,423 $80,404 $6,735 $13,097
2005 $29,386 $81,534 $7,857 $14,515
2006 $34,675 $86,114 $9,210 $16,447
2007 $36,217 $83,693 $12,295 $19,114
2008 $42,157 $80,477 $14,956 $20,736
2009 $30,946 $77,957 $11,854 $18,168
2010 $34,938 $79,543 $11,829 $19,828
2011 $46,383 $82,735 $14,262 $22,702
2012 $46,969 $87,256 $14,288 $24,567
2013 $44,003 $83,237 $15,637 $26,563
2014 $41,027 $81,226 $16,446 $28,006
2015 $30,625 $62,708 $14,270 $28,854
2016 $26,663 $56,680 $14,934 $30,773
2017 $28,024 $61,658 $16,800 $33,592
2018 $30,988 $65,149 $19,247 $36,492
2019 $30,427 $69,354 $19,609 $40,564
2020 $26,834 $69,788 $20,429 $41,263
2021 $31,007 $78,249 $23,870 $45,874
2022 $36,633 $81,802 $25,086 $50,498
2023 $32,891 $85,033 $27,786 $50,915
2024 $33,418 $90,007 $29,386 $54,414

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Brunei's government spending was $4.6B, accounting for 30% of its GDP, while Lithuania's spent $33.3B, or 41.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 2.21% in Brunei and 41.8% in Lithuania, ranking 185/185 and 130/185, respectively.

Brunei
Government spending

Government debt
Lithuania
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Brunei Lithuania
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 28.2% 0% - -
1991 27.1% 0% - -
1992 30.1% 0% - -
1993 33.5% 0% - -
1994 41.6% 0% - -
1995 38.8% 0% 32.9% -
1996 32.6% 0% 31.9% -
1997 34.4% 0% 32.5% -
1998 40.1% 0% 36.7% 21.7%
1999 39% 0% 39.3% 28%
2000 37.5% 0% 35.9% 23.5%
2001 35.5% 0% 35% 22.9%
2002 41.4% 0% 33.2% 22.1%
2003 30.9% 0% 32.1% 20.4%
2004 33.2% 0% 33.1% 18.6%
2005 29.1% 0% 33.5% 17.6%
2006 28% 0.59% 33.8% 17.3%
2007 29.3% 0.68% 34.5% 15.9%
2008 27.2% 0.94% 37.1% 14.6%
2009 34.8% 1.11% 43.6% 27.9%
2010 36.2% 1.11% 41.8% 36.7%
2011 29.7% 2.13% 41.8% 37.5%
2012 31% 2.1% 35.3% 39.9%
2013 33.6% 2.21% 34.8% 38.9%
2014 34.1% 3.23% 34.2% 40.7%
2015 38.7% 2.95% 34.3% 42.6%
2016 39.4% 3% 33.4% 40%
2017 36.6% 2.83% 32.4% 39.3%
2018 32.2% 2.59% 32.8% 33.3%
2019 32.4% 2.58% 33.5% 35.6%
2020 33.2% 2.86% 41.5% 45.9%
2021 29.3% 2.51% 36.9% 43.3%
2022 26.4% 2.06% 36% 38.1%
2023 29.4% 2.33% 37.1% 37.3%
2024 29.8% 2.29% 39.3% 38.2%
2025 30% 2.21% 41.2% 41.8%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Brunei's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$1.57B, equivalent to -10.2% of GDP. This compares to Lithuania's deficit of -$1.09B, or -1.28% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Brunei recorded a fiscal deficit in 15 of those years, while Lithuania ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Brunei posted an annual deficit equal to -0.12% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.75% of GDP for Lithuania.

Deficit/surplus
Brunei

Lithuania
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Brunei Lithuania
1990 -1.44% -
1991 -0.94% -
1992 -7.31% -
1993 -11.3% -
1994 -19.9% -
1995 -17.5% -4%
1996 -7.69% -4.22%
1997 -10.4% -1.7%
1998 -21.2% -5.57%
1999 -16.1% -8.25%
2000 6.86% -3.98%
2001 2.59% -3.61%
2002 -4.61% -1.79%
2003 8.06% -1.27%
2004 8.57% -1.53%
2005 16% -0.5%
2006 19.8% -0.45%
2007 3.12% -1%
2008 36.1% -3.27%
2009 3.61% -9.31%
2010 7.61% -6.99%
2011 25.6% -9.01%
2012 15.8% -3.16%
2013 13% -2.63%
2014 3.58% -0.67%
2015 -14.5% -0.21%
2016 -21.7% 0.26%
2017 -10.4% 0.45%
2018 -3.59% 0.59%
2019 -3.69% 0.26%
2020 -15.8% -7.16%
2021 -8.16% -0.98%
2022 2.53% -0.71%
2023 -10.9% -0.69%
2024 -10.2% -1.28%
2025 -10.3% -2.99%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Brunei has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 0.55%, compared with 4.25% in Lithuania. In 2024, inflation was -0.39% in Brunei and 0.72% in Lithuania.

Inflation
Brunei

Lithuania
Year Inflation
Brunei Lithuania Brunei Lithuania
1996 2% 24.6%
1997 1.71% 8.88%
1998 -0.44% 5.07%
1999 -0.42% 0.73%
2000 1.56% 0.98%
2001 0.6% 1.37%
2002 -2.31% 0.28%
2003 0.3% -1.13%
2004 0.81% 1.16%
2005 1.24% 2.66%
2006 0.16% 3.74%
2007 0.97% 5.74%
2008 2.08% 10.9%
2009 1.04% 4.45%
2010 0.36% 1.32%
2011 0.14% 4.13%
2012 0.11% 3.09%
2013 0.39% 1.05%
2014 -0.21% 0.1%
2015 -0.49% -0.88%
2016 -0.28% 0.91%
2017 -1.26% 3.72%
2018 1.03% 2.7%
2019 -0.39% 2.33%
2020 1.94% 1.2%
2021 1.73% 4.68%
2022 3.68% 19.7%
2023 0.36% 9.12%
2024 -0.39% 0.72%

Top exports between countries

Brunei
Export category Export value
Lithuania
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $354K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $111K
Chemicals & pharma $67K
Textiles & consumer goods $25K
Machinery & equipment $17K
Precious metals & jewellery $15K
Miscellaneous $4K

Balance of trade

Brunei Lithuania
Current account balance
$2.23B
2024
$2.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
43/189
2024
44/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+14.4%
2024
+2.48%
2024
Goods imports
$7.36B
2024
$43.8B
2024
Goods exports
$11.1B
2024
$38.7B
2024
Service imports
$1.75B
2024
$14.7B
2024
Service exports
$410M
2024
$24.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
58.9%
2024
68.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
74.3%
2024
74.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Brunei Lithuania
Economic freedom 67 74.6
Economic freedom ranking 52/197 19/197
Property rights 69.7 89.4
Government integrity 34.2 68.7
Judicial effectiveness 52.8 74.6
Tax burden 95 76.9
Government spending 75.9 58.8
Fiscal health 51.7 96
Business freedom 77.1 81
Labor freedom 75.1 60.5
Monetary freedom 72.8 69.2
Trade freedom 84.8 79.6
Investment freedom 65 70
Financial freedom 50 70

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Brunei is 67, ranking 52/197, compared to 74.6 for Lithuania, ranking 19/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Brunei
Lithuania
Year Economic freedom index
Brunei Lithuania
1996 - 49.7
1997 - 57.3
1998 - 59.4
1999 - 61.5
2000 - 61.9
2001 - 65.5
2002 - 66.1
2003 - 69.7
2004 - 72.4
2005 - 70.5
2006 - 71.8
2007 - 71.5
2008 - 70.9
2009 - 70
2010 - 70.3
2011 - 71.3
2012 - 71.5
2013 - 72.1
2014 69 73
2015 68.9 74.7
2016 67.3 75.2
2017 69.8 75.8
2018 64.2 75.3
2019 65.1 74.2
2020 66.6 76.7
2021 66.6 76.9
2022 64.8 75.8
2023 65.7 72.2
2024 65.9 72.9
2025 67 74.6

More economic indicators

Brunei Lithuania
Services, % of GDP
38.7%
2024
63.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
61.7%
2024
23.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.18%
2024
2.57%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$16.7B
2024
$77.8B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$92,860
2024
$53,070
2024
Total reserves including gold
$4.41B
2024
$7.41B
2024
Total reserves ranking
105/177
2024
86/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$29.1M
2024
-$3.44B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$29.1M
2024
$3.6B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$17.5M
2006
$156M
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines n/a
20.9%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
28.4%
2024
20.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.