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Economy of Iraq vs Lithuania compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Iraq has a GDP of $280B compared to $84.9B for Lithuania, ranking 51/197 and 78/197 by economy size, respectively.

Iraq has $120B in government debt (50.2% of GDP), compared to $32.4B (41.8% of GDP) in Lithuania.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Iraq
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Lithuania
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Iraq Lithuania
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $1,537,252,193 $7,007,485,325 - -
1961 $1,671,960,965 $7,520,837,448 - -
1962 $1,784,174,541 $7,867,047,599 - -
1963 $1,805,901,510 $8,059,609,508 - -
1964 $2,136,408,198 $9,254,568,662 - -
1965 $2,335,785,506 $10,250,719,342 - -
1966 $2,530,306,096 $10,759,449,895 - -
1967 $2,551,522,656 $9,806,505,272 - -
1968 $2,896,598,841 $11,719,960,412 - -
1969 $3,007,758,797 $12,100,177,781 - -
1970 $3,281,318,687 $12,650,053,065 - -
1971 $3,865,346,535 $13,329,936,812 - -
1972 $4,113,848,002 $13,827,850,447 - -
1973 $5,134,367,778 $14,438,869,358 - -
1974 $11,516,762,614 $16,765,457,418 - -
1975 $13,458,516,763 $18,859,574,485 - -
1976 $17,754,825,601 $22,098,725,967 - -
1977 $19,838,130,715 $22,518,592,787 - -
1978 $23,762,275,652 $26,359,581,202 - -
1979 $37,816,457,839 $31,860,629,534 - -
1980 $52,569,000,000 $39,747,322,740 - -
1981 $37,823,000,000 $39,457,673,065 - -
1982 $42,382,333,333 $40,812,640,889 - -
1983 $40,712,903,226 $35,477,076,846 - -
1984 $46,938,387,097 $34,950,156,507 - -
1985 $48,425,161,290 $35,458,295,527 - -
1986 $47,264,516,129 $37,106,251,927 - -
1987 $56,774,193,548 $40,559,093,083 - -
1988 $62,684,516,129 $40,551,371,874 - -
1989 $65,831,935,484 $39,286,763,062 - -
1990 $180,408,064,516 $62,001,516,292 - $30,815,380,912
1991 $407,796,350 $22,291,338,827 - $29,066,403,740
1992 $553,671,958 $29,556,579,056 - $22,887,185,525
1993 $1,031,944,881 $38,509,216,456 - $19,173,313,428
1994 $3,991,349,283 $39,993,566,700 - $17,300,837,661
1995 $12,894,029,888 $40,841,438,912 $7,921,210,340 $17,870,049,093
1996 $10,433,698,621 $45,342,486,348 $8,430,207,164 $18,768,366,412
1997 $20,764,857,056 $54,972,294,638 $10,168,271,903 $20,326,259,135
1998 $20,617,405,044 $74,213,129,684 $11,289,161,847 $21,843,195,079
1999 $36,881,601,584 $87,259,924,322 $11,022,095,814 $21,603,573,442
2000 $48,364,250,944 $101,916,218,527 $11,550,695,727 $22,342,117,971
2001 $36,176,430,129 $103,716,679,378 $12,260,761,329 $23,790,809,197
2002 $32,928,454,672 $95,208,069,161 $14,282,292,665 $25,389,513,379
2003 $21,921,569,479 $60,307,856,289 $18,809,197,970 $28,068,588,416
2004 $36,633,669,269 $92,503,535,427 $22,743,164,431 $29,893,617,960
2005 $50,065,104,668 $94,053,181,142 $26,105,207,115 $32,204,827,117
2006 $65,147,051,918 $99,356,180,856 $30,116,192,747 $34,586,529,059
2007 $88,837,057,320 $101,232,561,441 $39,729,151,615 $38,417,999,936
2008 $131,614,434,154 $109,562,085,020 $47,831,254,208 $39,416,661,071
2009 $111,657,580,326 $113,264,515,567 $37,494,380,039 $33,567,775,754
2010 $138,516,722,650 $120,516,349,622 $36,638,128,534 $33,711,177,147
2011 $185,749,664,444 $129,611,081,239 $43,186,501,863 $35,842,949,499
2012 $218,002,476,129 $147,674,239,073 $42,709,372,067 $37,413,912,227
2013 $234,637,675,129 $158,939,252,264 $46,303,660,422 $38,928,020,774
2014 $228,415,656,175 $162,537,141,324 $48,306,546,657 $40,396,597,407
2015 $166,774,104,959 $166,774,104,959 $41,540,954,817 $41,540,954,817
2016 $166,743,557,748 $189,767,872,908 $42,970,749,245 $42,650,896,791
2017 $187,217,660,051 $186,314,571,375 $47,756,764,508 $44,618,059,836
2018 $227,367,469,034 $191,221,819,559 $54,261,795,149 $46,812,540,125
2019 $233,636,097,800 $201,765,390,224 $55,122,066,226 $49,002,127,329
2020 $180,898,797,517 $177,479,307,670 $57,412,038,533 $49,023,107,999
2021 $209,691,945,713 $180,145,367,593 $67,037,321,009 $52,150,790,163
2022 $287,372,232,138 $194,483,223,959 $71,033,884,500 $53,474,129,887
2023 $268,881,051,644 $195,490,074,355 $79,789,877,416 $53,657,151,896
2024 $279,641,257,615 $192,469,260,104 $84,869,215,513 $55,144,866,855

Economic indicators

Iraq Lithuania
Gross domestic product
$280B
2024
$84.9B
2024
GDP rank
51/197
2024
78/197
2024
GDP growth
4%
2023-2024
6.37%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,074
2024
$29,386
2024
GDP per capita rank
114/197
2024
43/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$14,464
2024
$54,414
2024
Government debt
$120B
2024
$32.4B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
50.2%
2025
41.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,606
2024
$11,232
2024
Government debt per person rank
108/185
2024
50/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,159
2025
$18,848
2025
Income share by richest 10%
24.2%
2023
27.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
2.2%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
42.1%
2025
41.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
-12.3%
2023-2024
0.72%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
16.2%
2021
7.1%
2024
Population
47813338
2858798

GDP per capita in Iraq vs Lithuania

Iraq's GDP per capita is $6,074, ranking 114/197, compared to $29,386 in Lithuania, ranking 43/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Iraq ranks 115th at $14,464, while Lithuania ranks 38th at $54,414.

Iraq
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Lithuania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Iraq Lithuania
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $218.9 - - -
1961 $232.4 - - -
1962 $240.7 - - -
1963 $235.5 - - -
1964 $269.4 - - -
1965 $284.8 - - -
1966 $298.2 - - -
1967 $290.6 - - -
1968 $319 - - -
1969 $320 - - -
1970 $337 - - -
1971 $384 - - -
1972 $394 - - -
1973 $476 - - -
1974 $1,031 - - -
1975 $1,166 - - -
1976 $1,489 - - -
1977 $1,609 - - -
1978 $1,863 - - -
1979 $2,871 - - -
1980 $3,868 - - -
1981 $2,700 - - -
1982 $2,942 - - -
1983 $2,743 - - -
1984 $3,066 - - -
1985 $3,088 - - -
1986 $2,940 - - -
1987 $3,436 - - -
1988 $3,707 - - -
1989 $3,791 - - -
1990 $10,261 - - $8,947
1991 $23 $2,694 - $8,710
1992 $30.3 $3,547 - $7,022
1993 $53.7 $4,509 - $6,051
1994 $198.2 $4,560 - $5,615
1995 $619 $4,598 $2,183 $5,967
1996 $485 $5,034 $2,341 $6,420
1997 $936 $6,020 $2,844 $7,103
1998 $901 $7,964 $3,181 $7,797
1999 $1,560 $9,194 $3,128 $7,857
2000 $1,980 $10,628 $3,301 $8,466
2001 $1,436 $10,720 $3,533 $9,457
2002 $1,266 $9,682 $4,148 $10,497
2003 $818 $6,068 $5,507 $12,086
2004 $1,328 $9,290 $6,735 $13,097
2005 $1,762 $9,457 $7,857 $14,515
2006 $2,277 $10,223 $9,210 $16,447
2007 $3,129 $10,783 $12,295 $19,114
2008 $4,543 $11,657 $14,956 $20,736
2009 $3,715 $11,687 $11,854 $18,168
2010 $4,462 $12,186 $11,829 $19,828
2011 $5,776 $12,912 $14,262 $22,702
2012 $6,478 $14,402 $14,288 $24,567
2013 $6,650 $14,669 $15,637 $26,563
2014 $6,249 $13,168 $16,446 $28,006
2015 $4,440 $9,334 $14,270 $28,854
2016 $4,334 $9,079 $14,934 $30,773
2017 $4,759 $10,192 $16,800 $33,592
2018 $5,647 $12,034 $19,247 $36,492
2019 $5,672 $12,249 $19,609 $40,564
2020 $4,295 $10,574 $20,429 $41,263
2021 $4,868 $12,732 $23,870 $45,874
2022 $6,521 $14,391 $25,086 $50,498
2023 $5,965 $14,653 $27,786 $50,915
2024 $6,074 $14,464 $29,386 $54,414

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Iraq's government spending was $113B, accounting for 42.1% of its GDP, while Lithuania's spent $33.3B, or 41.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 50.2% in Iraq and 41.8% in Lithuania, ranking 109/185 and 130/185, respectively.

Iraq
Government spending

Government debt
Lithuania
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Iraq Lithuania
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1995 - - 32.9% -
1996 - - 31.9% -
1997 - - 32.5% -
1998 - - 36.7% 21.7%
1999 - - 39.3% 28%
2000 - - 35.9% 23.5%
2001 - - 35% 22.9%
2002 - - 33.2% 22.1%
2003 - - 32.1% 20.4%
2004 91.5% 344% 33.1% 18.6%
2005 63.2% 227.3% 33.5% 17.6%
2006 50.3% 143.2% 33.8% 17.3%
2007 44% 117.1% 34.5% 15.9%
2008 57.3% 74.2% 37.1% 14.6%
2009 61.1% 87.4% 43.6% 27.9%
2010 49.6% 53.5% 41.8% 36.7%
2011 43.4% 40.7% 41.8% 37.5%
2012 42.9% 34.8% 35.3% 39.9%
2013 48.2% 32% 34.8% 38.9%
2014 43.8% 27.6% 34.2% 40.7%
2015 43.5% 48.3% 34.3% 42.6%
2016 42.4% 60.3% 33.4% 40%
2017 35.5% 55.9% 32.4% 39.3%
2018 31.1% 44.4% 32.8% 33.3%
2019 34.7% 41.7% 33.5% 35.6%
2020 41.9% 72.5% 41.5% 45.9%
2021 36.3% 54.7% 36.9% 43.3%
2022 33.9% 39% 36% 38.1%
2023 41.2% 42.1% 37.1% 37.3%
2024 40.4% 42.9% 39.3% 38.2%
2025 42.1% 50.2% 41.2% 41.8%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Iraq's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$4.17B, equivalent to -1.49% of GDP. This compares to Lithuania's deficit of -$1.09B, or -1.28% of GDP.

Over the past 21 years, Iraq recorded a fiscal deficit in 13 of those years, while Lithuania ran a deficit in 17 years. On average, Iraq posted an annual deficit equal to -2.93% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.28% of GDP for Lithuania.

Deficit/surplus
Iraq

Lithuania
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Iraq Lithuania
1995 - -4%
1996 - -4.22%
1997 - -1.7%
1998 - -5.57%
1999 - -8.25%
2000 - -3.98%
2001 - -3.61%
2002 - -1.79%
2003 - -1.27%
2004 -35.4% -1.53%
2005 4.07% -0.5%
2006 10.7% -0.45%
2007 9.98% -1%
2008 -0.86% -3.27%
2009 -14.9% -9.31%
2010 -4.18% -6.99%
2011 4.74% -9.01%
2012 4.09% -3.16%
2013 -6.06% -2.63%
2014 -5.63% -0.67%
2015 -12.8% -0.21%
2016 -14.4% 0.26%
2017 -1.52% 0.45%
2018 7.69% 0.59%
2019 0.83% 0.26%
2020 -12.8% -7.16%
2021 -0.38% -0.98%
2022 8.1% -0.71%
2023 -1.14% -0.69%
2024 -1.49% -1.28%
2025 -4.18% -2.99%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Iraq has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 8.97%, compared with 4.25% in Lithuania. In 2024, inflation was -12.3% in Iraq and 0.72% in Lithuania.

Inflation
Iraq

Lithuania
Year Inflation
Iraq Lithuania Iraq Lithuania
1996 -16.1% 24.6%
1997 23.1% 8.88%
1998 14.8% 5.07%
1999 12.6% 0.73%
2000 4.98% 0.98%
2001 16.4% 1.37%
2002 19.3% 0.28%
2003 33.6% -1.13%
2004 27% 1.16%
2005 37% 2.66%
2006 53.2% 3.74%
2007 -10.1% 5.74%
2008 12.7% 10.9%
2009 6.87% 4.45%
2010 2.88% 1.32%
2011 5.8% 4.13%
2012 6.09% 3.09%
2013 1.88% 1.05%
2014 2.24% 0.1%
2015 1.39% -0.88%
2016 0.56% 0.91%
2017 0.18% 3.72%
2018 0.37% 2.7%
2019 -0.2% 2.33%
2020 0.57% 1.2%
2021 6.04% 4.68%
2022 4.99% 19.7%
2023 4.36% 9.12%
2024 -12.3% 0.72%

Top exports between countries

Iraq
Export category Export value
Lithuania
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $19M
Raw materials & minerals $4.68M
Machinery & equipment $1.52M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $834K
Animal & marine products $416K
Chemicals & pharma $372K
Textiles & consumer goods $355K
Wood & paper products $296K
Metals $51K
Miscellaneous $24K

Balance of trade

Iraq Lithuania
Current account balance
$28.4B
2023
$2.1B
2024
Current account balance ranking
17/189
2023
44/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+10.6%
2023
+2.48%
2024
Goods imports
$56B
2023
$43.8B
2024
Goods exports
$99.1B
2023
$38.7B
2024
Service imports
$25.2B
2023
$14.7B
2024
Service exports
$8.7B
2023
$24.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.2%
2024
68.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.5%
2024
74.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Iraq Lithuania
Economic freedom 15.6 74.6
Economic freedom ranking 196/197 19/197
Property rights 6.3 89.4
Government integrity 19.9 68.7
Judicial effectiveness 7.1 74.6
Tax burden 95.5 76.9
Government spending 65.3 58.8
Fiscal health 94.7 96
Business freedom 43.1 81
Labor freedom 56.8 60.5
Monetary freedom 67.1 69.2
Trade freedom 40 79.6
Investment freedom 10 70
Financial freedom 10 70

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Iraq is 15.6, ranking 196/197, compared to 74.6 for Lithuania, ranking 19/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Iraq
Lithuania
Year Economic freedom index
Iraq Lithuania
1996 17.2 49.7
1997 17.2 57.3
1998 17.2 59.4
1999 17.2 61.5
2000 17.2 61.9
2001 17.2 65.5
2002 15.6 66.1
2003 - 69.7
2004 - 72.4
2005 - 70.5
2006 - 71.8
2007 - 71.5
2008 - 70.9
2009 - 70
2010 - 70.3
2011 - 71.3
2012 - 71.5
2013 - 72.1
2014 - 73
2015 - 74.7
2016 - 75.2
2017 - 75.8
2018 - 75.3
2019 - 74.2
2020 - 76.7
2021 - 76.9
2022 - 75.8
2023 - 72.2
2024 - 72.9
2025 - 74.6

More economic indicators

Iraq Lithuania
Services, % of GDP
45.8%
2024
63.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
51.6%
2024
23.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.39%
2024
2.57%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$278B
2024
$77.8B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$14,550
2024
$53,070
2024
Total reserves including gold
$101B
2024
$7.41B
2024
Total reserves ranking
28/177
2024
86/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$5.65B
2023
-$3.44B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$7.46B
2024
$3.6B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$439M
2024
$156M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.66%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
17.5%
2023
20.9%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
29.4%
2024
20.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.