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Economy of Belgium vs Uruguay compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Belgium has a GDP of $671B compared to $81B for Uruguay, ranking 23/197 and 81/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belgium has $703B in government debt (104.7% of GDP), compared to $55.6B (68.7% of GDP) in Uruguay.

Belgium vs Uruguay GDP by year

Belgium
Uruguay
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belgium Uruguay
2024 $671,370,081,636 $80,961,511,074
2023 $651,330,595,110 $77,991,666,838
2022 $591,085,783,326 $70,594,110,920
2021 $598,522,422,242 $60,739,084,241
2020 $529,694,473,502 $53,559,359,262
2019 $536,726,344,405 $62,222,313,619
2018 $542,638,913,428 $65,344,577,416
2017 $500,908,767,352 $65,005,997,963
2016 $474,271,566,740 $57,480,787,465
2015 $461,044,767,545 $57,680,327,999
2014 $537,987,419,164 $61,496,186,974
2013 $524,097,026,599 $61,337,621,934
2012 $498,414,364,945 $54,232,266,359
2011 $527,196,649,049 $50,342,406,067
2010 $481,556,503,720 $41,950,361,212
2009 $485,014,525,992 $32,708,319,078
2008 $517,328,087,920 $31,119,602,539
2007 $470,922,156,309 $23,797,773,024
2006 $408,259,840,869 $19,741,420,740
2005 $385,714,762,230 $17,362,857,684
2004 $369,214,712,443 $13,686,329,890
2003 $318,082,528,507 $12,045,638,352
2002 $258,383,599,375 $13,606,515,723
2001 $236,746,141,604 $20,898,761,742
2000 $236,792,460,312 $22,823,270,892
1999 $258,245,733,221 $23,983,945,191
1998 $258,528,339,631 $25,385,886,978
1997 $252,708,051,421 $23,969,739,234
1996 $279,201,433,225 $20,515,458,114
1995 $288,025,588,396 $19,297,663,097
1994 $244,884,129,491 $17,474,588,896
1993 $224,721,795,709 $15,002,136,971
1992 $234,781,652,447 $12,878,148,791
1991 $210,510,999,409 $11,206,176,651
1990 $205,331,747,948 $9,298,807,850
1989 $164,221,056,511 $8,438,951,476
1988 $162,299,103,675 $8,213,538,369
1987 $149,394,404,106 $7,367,494,080
1986 $120,018,787,249 $5,880,112,788
1985 $86,268,264,148 $4,732,017,873
1984 $83,349,530,159 $4,850,238,550
1983 $87,184,239,053 $5,102,276,308
1982 $92,095,926,188 $9,178,780,077
1981 $104,730,018,470 $11,048,301,421
1980 $126,829,314,388 $10,163,020,116
1979 $116,315,456,797 $7,181,182,224
1978 $101,246,526,194 $4,910,254,566
1977 $82,839,905,459 $4,114,670,014
1976 $71,113,882,968 $3,667,161,241
1975 $65,678,189,097 $3,538,278,047
1974 $56,033,077,879 $4,090,209,682
1973 $47,743,801,490 $3,964,296,443
1972 $37,209,418,019 $2,189,418,689
1971 $29,821,661,870 $2,807,258,065
1970 $26,706,196,047 $2,137,096,774
1969 $24,019,653,475 $2,004,435,484
1968 $21,654,856,965 $1,593,674,185
1967 $20,252,508,995 $1,597,713,469
1966 $18,894,891,312 $1,809,185,094
1965 $17,597,783,297 $1,890,767,156
1964 $16,168,044,450 $1,975,701,816
1963 $14,445,805,381 $1,539,681,491
1962 $13,436,827,167 $1,710,004,407
1961 $12,561,701,694 $1,547,388,781
1960 $11,810,619,368 $1,242,289,239

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belgium vs Uruguay by year

Belgium
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Uruguay
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belgium Uruguay
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $56,615 $73,514 $23,907 $36,418
2023 $55,291 $71,946 $23,019 $34,471
2022 $50,606 $69,128 $20,819 $33,001
2021 $51,658 $60,669 $17,882 $29,432
2020 $45,906 $56,120 $15,758 $25,725
2019 $46,717 $56,712 $18,316 $25,783
2018 $47,487 $52,467 $19,250 $24,386
2017 $44,035 $50,256 $19,185 $23,607
2016 $41,855 $48,415 $17,010 $22,841
2015 $40,894 $46,072 $17,126 $22,169
2014 $47,996 $45,148 $18,322 $21,868
2013 $46,965 $43,864 $18,335 $20,661
2012 $44,874 $42,484 $16,260 $19,495
2011 $47,761 $41,245 $15,132 $19,135
2010 $44,197 $39,840 $12,641 $17,873
2009 $44,923 $37,906 $9,881 $16,422
2008 $48,303 $37,883 $9,424 $15,694
2007 $44,319 $36,798 $7,222 $14,397
2006 $38,705 $35,251 $6,001 $13,179
2005 $36,810 $33,178 $5,284 $12,296
2004 $35,429 $32,060 $4,169 $11,103
2003 $30,655 $30,931 $3,671 $10,303
2002 $25,006 $30,282 $4,150 $10,030
2001 $23,015 $28,794 $6,383 $10,719
2000 $23,099 $27,794 $6,988 $10,929
1999 $25,253 $25,441 $7,371 $10,938
1998 $25,338 $24,370 $7,837 $11,002
1997 $24,821 $23,733 $7,436 $10,461
1996 $27,490 $22,745 $6,398 $9,524
1995 $28,414 $22,446 $6,050 $8,906
1994 $24,209 $21,518 $5,508 $8,897
1993 $22,284 $20,473 $4,753 $8,162
1992 $23,373 $20,272 $4,102 $7,808
1991 $21,042 $19,601 $3,589 $7,112
1990 $20,600 $18,688 $2,995 $6,683
1989 $16,525 - $2,734 -
1988 $16,391 - $2,677 -
1987 $15,136 - $2,416 -
1986 $12,170 - $1,939 -
1985 $8,751 - $1,568 -
1984 $8,457 - $1,615 -
1983 $8,846 - $1,707 -
1982 $9,344 - $3,085 -
1981 $10,623 - $3,728 -
1980 $12,864 - $3,443 -
1979 $11,811 - $2,443 -
1978 $10,290 - $1,678 -
1977 $8,427 - $1,414 -
1976 $7,243 - $1,268 -
1975 $6,701 - $1,232 -
1974 $5,734 - $1,433 -
1973 $4,901 - $1,397 -
1972 $3,832 - $776 -
1971 $3,083 - $1,000 -
1970 $2,766 - $766 -
1969 $2,490 - $723 -
1968 $2,251 - $579 -
1967 $2,114 - $585 -
1966 $1,983 - $668 -
1965 $1,860 - $705 -
1964 $1,724 - $745 -
1963 $1,555 - $587 -
1962 $1,457 - $659 -
1961 $1,368 - $604 -
1960 $1,290 - $491 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

Belgium's GDP per capita is $56,615, ranking 18/197, compared to $23,907 in Uruguay, ranking 52/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belgium ranks 21st at $73,514, while Uruguay ranks 61st at $36,418.

Economic indicators

Belgium Uruguay
Gross domestic product
$671B
2024
$81B
2024
GDP rank
23/197
2024
81/197
2024
GDP growth
1.07%
2023-2024
3.11%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$56,615
2024
$23,907
2024
GDP per capita rank
18/197
2024
52/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,514
2024
$36,418
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
21/197
2024
61/197
2024
Government debt
$703B
2024
$55.6B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
104.7%
2024
68.7%
2024
Government debt per person
$59,278
2024
$16,421
2024
Government debt per person rank
5/185
2024
38/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,259
2026
$12,433
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$321B
2018
$284M
1996
Number of millionaires
549,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
11
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.2%
2023
30%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
2.2%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
54.5%
2024
31.1%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.14%
2023-2024
4.85%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
8.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.7%
2024
8.21%
2024
Population
11902714
3382789

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belgium
Spending

Debt
Uruguay
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belgium Uruguay
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 54.5% 104.7% 31.1% 68.7%
2023 53.3% 103.2% 30.5% 64%
2022 52.3% 102.7% 30% 59.9%
2021 54.9% 108.5% 30.2% 64.1%
2020 58.5% 111.2% 32.8% 68.2%
2019 51.8% 97.6% 30.6% 59.6%
2018 52.5% 100.1% 30.3% 57.9%
2017 52.3% 102.5% 29.7% 55.8%
2016 53.4% 105.5% 29.7% 56.4%
2015 53.9% 105.6% 28.4% 57.8%
2014 55.4% 106.6% 29.1% 51.1%
2013 55.9% 105% 28.8% 50%
2012 56.2% 104.3% 27.7% 49.8%
2011 55% 102.7% 26.3% 41.3%
2010 53.9% 100.2% 27.4% 40.9%
2009 54.5% 99.9% 27.2% 46.2%
2008 50.8% 93.2% 26.3% 46.2%
2007 48.6% 87.3% 26.8% 52.8%
2006 48.8% 91.5% 26.8% 61.1%
2005 51.9% 95.1% 26.3% 66.2%
2004 49.3% 97.2% 26.6% 73.7%
2003 51% 101.7% 27.7% 91.9%
2002 49.9% 105.4% 27.6% 90.1%
2001 49.4% 108.2% 27.8% 39.4%
2000 49.4% 109.6% 26.6% 30.5%
1999 50.5% 115.4% 27.2% 24.1%
1998 51% 119.2% 27.3% 19.4%
1997 51.6% 124.3% 27.6% 18.8%
1996 53.1% 129% 26.5% 18.3%
1995 52.6% 131.3% 26.2% 18.5%
1994 54.7% 137.1% 29.5% 19.3%
1993 57.1% 138.9% 27.7% 20%
1992 55.9% 134.7% 23.6% 22.2%
1991 55.6% 131.8% 22.2% 20.4%
1990 54.4% 130.3% 21.1% 26.2%
1989 52.3% 126.4% 37% -
1988 53.9% 129.7% 26% 34.8%
1987 55.8% 129.2% 24.4% 37.3%
1986 57.6% 124.7% 25.1% 34.6%
1985 58.4% 119.4% 24.6% 29%
1984 59.1% 114.6% 25.6% 39.5%
1983 62.2% 110.3% 26.5% 21.2%
1982 59.6% 99.6% 29.5% 13.5%
1981 61.5% 89.7% 25% 4.32%
1980 54.9% 76.8% 21.8% 4.59%
1979 54.8% 69.2% 20.2% 3.98%
1978 52.8% 65.2% 22.9% 5.64%
1977 52.2% 61.6% 23.5% 7.26%
1976 50.4% 61.4% 24.2% 8.67%
1975 50.2% 59.5% 23% 8.13%
1974 44.5% 61.7% 23.8% 7.61%
1973 45% 63.7% 22.6% 7%
1972 45% 64.9% 24.6% 9.12%
1971 43.9% 63.5% 20.1% 9.3%
1970 42.7% 66.6% 15.1% 6.11%
1969 26.5% 51.6% 14.6% -
1968 26.7% 54.5% 14.1% -
1967 25.5% 54.1% 14.7% -
1966 25.1% 55.6% 14.1% -
1965 23.4% 57.6% 15.6% -
1964 22.5% 59.4% 14.3% -
1963 23.1% 64.1% 14.6% -
1962 22.5% 65.3% 16% -
1961 22.1% 67.8% 13% -
1960 23.7% 69.4% 9.9% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1998, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government spending was $366B, accounting for 54.5% of its GDP, while Uruguay spent $25.2B, or 31.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 104.7% in Belgium and 68.7% in Uruguay, ranking 19/185 and 59/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belgium

Uruguay
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belgium Uruguay
2024 -4.52% -3.22%
2023 -4.1% -3.13%
2022 -3.62% -2.52%
2021 -5.4% -2.61%
2020 -9.03% -4.64%
2019 -2.05% -2.71%
2018 -1.05% -1.89%
2017 -0.76% -2.51%
2016 -2.43% -2.68%
2015 -2.48% -1.86%
2014 -3.18% -2.6%
2013 -3.16% -1.72%
2012 -4.35% -2.17%
2011 -4.44% -0.33%
2010 -4.13% -0.39%
2009 -5.45% -1.39%
2008 -1.1% -1.31%
2007 0.07% -0.16%
2006 0.24% -0.64%
2005 -2.72% -0.28%
2004 -0.24% -0.87%
2003 -1.86% -2.19%
2002 -0.04% -3.19%
2001 0.23% -2.85%
2000 -0.08% -2.76%
1999 -0.65% -2.76%
1998 -1.03% -0.76%
1997 -2.15% -0.97%
1996 -4% -1.32%
1995 -4.51% -1.08%
1994 -5.29% -2.37%
1993 -7.71% -0.47%
1992 -8.42% 0.6%
1991 -7.67% 0.88%
1990 -6.99% 0.49%
1989 -7.58% -13.1%
1988 -7.28% -1.47%
1987 -7.89% -0.66%
1986 -9.96% -0.34%
1985 -10.1% -1.88%
1984 -10.8% -4.94%
1983 -14.5% -3.54%
1982 -12.3% -8.22%
1981 -15.5% -1.15%
1980 -9.43% 0.43%
1979 -8.33% 0.99%
1978 -6.51% -0.47%
1977 -6.51% -0.69%
1976 -6.61% -2.01%
1975 -6.45% -4.38%
1974 -3.87% -3.74%
1973 -5.02% -1.09%
1972 -6.07% -2.25%
1971 -4.45% -5.86%
1970 -3.51% -1.33%
1969 -3.34% -2.37%
1968 -3.69% -2.93%
1967 -2.76% -4.12%
1966 -3.08% -2.01%
1965 -2.9% -5.14%
1964 -2.27% -3.61%
1963 -2.8% -4.4%
1962 -2.12% -5.02%
1961 -2.34% -0.86%
1960 -4.89% 0.79%
1959 -5.21% 0.64%
1958 -4.33% -1.38%
1957 -1.27% -0.72%
1956 1.85% 0.04%
1955 -1.05% -1.24%
1954 2.34% -
1953 0.14% -
1952 -0.26% -
1951 0.59% -
1950 -2.01% -
1949 -2.05% -
1948 -2.29% -
1947 -14.5% -
1946 1.87% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 -5.81% -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 -6.86% -
1938 -5.17% -
1937 -4.71% -
1936 -4.92% -
1935 -5.94% -
1934 -2.78% -
1933 -1.69% -
1932 - -
1931 - -
1930 -2.48% -
1929 - -
1928 - -
1927 3.06% -
1926 - -
1925 - -
1924 -5.53% -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 -1.4% -
1912 -1.39% -
1911 -0.92% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 0.13% -
1908 -0.95% -
1907 -0.81% -
1906 -1.35% -
1905 1.23% -
1904 0.004% -
1903 0.08% -
1902 0.22% -
1901 0.55% -
1900 -0.54% -
1899 -1.64% -
1898 -0.28% -
1897 -0.25% -
1896 0.94% -
1895 -0.33% -
1894 0.06% -
1893 0.07% -
1892 0.17% -
1891 -0.005% -
1890 -0.83% -
1889 0.3% -
1888 -0.21% -
1887 -0.12% -
1886 0.54% -
1885 -0.43% -
1884 -0.26% -
1883 -0.54% -
1882 -0.3% -
1881 0.08% -
1880 0.12% -
1879 -1.51% -
1878 -1.78% -
1877 -2.52% -
1876 -0.77% -
1875 -0.88% -
1874 -1.02% -
1873 -2.08% -
1872 -0.7% -
1871 -0.64% -
1870 -0.58% -
1869 -0.35% -
1868 -0.39% -
1867 -0.49% -
1866 -0.87% -
1865 -0.55% -
1864 -0.62% -
1863 -0.72% -
1862 -0.49% -
1861 -0.22% -
1860 -0.13% -
1859 0.1% -
1858 0.35% -
1857 0% -
1856 -0.26% -
1855 -0.28% -
1854 -0.4% -
1853 -0.3% -
1852 -0.44% -
1851 -0.05% -
1850 -0.11% -
1849 0.11% -
1848 -1.41% -
1847 -0.69% -
1846 -0.52% -
1845 -1.17% -
1844 -4.92% -
1843 -0.86% -
1842 -0.89% -
1841 -0.75% -
1840 0.16% -
1839 -0.43% -
1838 0.23% -
1837 -0.11% -
1836 0.18% -
1835 0.27% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1998, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $30.3B, equivalent to 4.52% of GDP. This compares to Uruguay's deficit of $2.6B, or 3.22% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Belgium recorded a fiscal deficit in 62 of those years, while Uruguay ran a deficit in 59 years. On average, Belgium posted an annual deficit equal to 4.72% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.21% of GDP for Uruguay.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belgium

Uruguay
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belgium Uruguay
2024 3.14% 4.85%
2023 4.05% 5.87%
2022 9.6% 9.1%
2021 2.44% 7.75%
2020 0.74% 9.76%
2019 1.44% 7.88%
2018 2.05% 7.61%
2017 2.13% 6.22%
2016 1.97% 9.64%
2015 0.56% 8.67%
2014 0.34% 8.88%
2013 1.11% 8.58%
2012 2.84% 8.1%
2011 3.53% 8.09%
2010 2.19% 6.7%
2009 -0.05% 7.06%
2008 4.49% 7.88%
2007 1.82% 8.11%
2006 1.79% 6.4%
2005 2.78% 4.7%
2004 2.1% 9.16%
2003 1.59% 19.4%
2002 1.65% 14%
2001 2.47% 4.36%
2000 2.54% 4.76%
1999 1.12% 5.66%
1998 0.95% 10.8%
1997 1.63% 19.8%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Belgium has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.25%, compared with 8.56% in Uruguay. In 2024, inflation was 3.14% in Belgium and 4.85% in Uruguay.

Top exports between countries

Belgium
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $72M
Chemicals & pharma $67.9M
Transport & tourism services $37.9M
Machinery & equipment $27.3M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $16.3M
Raw agricultural goods $7.67M
Miscellaneous $5.09M
Business & finance services $4.32M
Textiles & consumer goods $4.32M
Wood & paper products $3.52M
Uruguay
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Belgium Uruguay
Current account balance
-$2.54B
2024
-$633M
2024
Current account balance ranking
151/190
2024
111/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.38%
2024
-0.78%
2024
Goods imports
$370B
2024
$13B
2024
Goods exports
$382B
2024
$16.3B
2024
Service imports
$164B
2024
$6.22B
2024
Service exports
$150B
2024
$7.1B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.7%
2024
23.7%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.3%
2024
28.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belgium Uruguay
Economic freedom 69.2 69.8
Economic freedom ranking 42/197 39/197
Property rights 91.1 87.4
Government integrity 78.2 79
Judicial effectiveness 91.6 80.9
Tax burden 50.6 73.3
Government spending 14.6 72
Fiscal health 53.4 76.6
Business freedom 82.5 83.8
Labor freedom 57.5 61.7
Monetary freedom 76.8 70.2
Trade freedom 79.4 73.2
Investment freedom 85 50
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Belgium
Uruguay
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Belgium Uruguay
2026 69.2 69.8
2025 69 70.2
2024 65.6 69.8
2023 67.1 70.2
2022 69.6 70
2021 70.1 69.3
2020 68.9 69.1
2019 67.3 68.6
2018 67.5 69.2
2017 67.8 69.7
2016 68.4 68.8
2015 68.8 68.6
2014 69.9 69.3
2013 69.2 69.7
2012 69 69.9
2011 70.2 70
2010 70.1 69.8
2009 72.1 69.1
2008 71.7 67.9
2007 72.5 68.4
2006 71.8 65.3
2005 69 66.9
2004 68.7 66.7
2003 68.1 69.8
2002 67.6 68.7
2001 63.8 70.7
2000 63.5 69.3
1999 62.9 68.5
1998 64.7 68.6
1997 64.6 67.5
1996 66 63.7
1995 - 62.5

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Belgium is 69.2, ranking 42/197, compared to 69.8 for Uruguay, ranking 39/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Belgium Uruguay
Services, % of GDP
71%
2024
65.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
18.7%
2024
16.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.79%
2024
6.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$656B
2024
$73.3B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$74,770
2024
$34,170
2024
Total reserves including gold
$41.4B
2024
$17.4B
2024
Total reserves ranking
49/177
2024
66/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$46.1B
2024
$2.58B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$41.4B
2024
-$3.94B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.71B
2024
-$1.37B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.3%
2022
17.3%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.5%
2024
15.6%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/uruguay | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1998, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.