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Economy of Belgium vs Nauru compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Belgium has a GDP of $671B compared to $163M for Nauru, ranking 23/197 and 195/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belgium has $703B in government debt (104.7% of GDP), compared to $28.3M (17.4% of GDP) in Nauru.

Belgium vs Nauru GDP by year

Belgium
Nauru
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belgium Nauru
2024 $671,370,081,636 $162,588,621
2023 $651,330,595,110 $151,435,610
2022 $591,085,783,326 $152,373,434
2021 $598,522,422,242 $175,390,281
2020 $529,694,473,502 $124,685,688
2019 $536,726,344,405 $125,160,116
2018 $542,638,913,428 $130,995,566
2017 $500,908,767,352 $109,355,639
2016 $474,271,566,740 $97,541,943
2015 $461,044,767,545 $84,863,441
2014 $537,987,419,164 $99,149,244
2013 $524,097,026,599 $94,385,015
2012 $498,414,364,945 $101,055,723
2011 $527,196,649,049 $65,071,880
2010 $481,556,503,720 $47,562,845
2009 $485,014,525,992 $44,176,246
2008 $517,328,087,920 $37,602,265
2007 $470,922,156,309 $22,766,972
2006 $408,259,840,869 $29,200,359
2005 $385,714,762,230 $30,070,666
2004 $369,214,712,443 $30,587,566
2003 $318,082,528,507 $24,778,160
2002 $258,383,599,375 $21,017,424
2001 $236,746,141,604 $22,613,288
2000 $236,792,460,312 $26,930,980
1999 $258,245,733,221 $27,328,613
1998 $258,528,339,631 $29,664,451
1997 $252,708,051,421 $37,331,507
1996 $279,201,433,225 $37,458,801
1995 $288,025,588,396 $39,969,706
1994 $244,884,129,491 $39,742,511
1993 $224,721,795,709 $43,542,088
1992 $234,781,652,447 $51,133,123
1991 $210,510,999,409 $52,533,789
1990 $205,331,747,948 $55,572,376
1989 $164,221,056,511 $53,736,786
1988 $162,299,103,675 $45,931,134
1987 $149,394,404,106 $40,118,410
1986 $120,018,787,249 $39,939,391
1985 $86,268,264,148 $41,548,741
1984 $83,349,530,159 $47,363,231
1983 $87,184,239,053 $48,439,093
1982 $92,095,926,188 $52,877,742
1981 $104,730,018,470 $51,689,637
1980 $126,829,314,388 $46,947,124
1979 $116,315,456,797 $44,431,330
1978 $101,246,526,194 $41,754,147
1977 $82,839,905,459 $40,444,702
1976 $71,113,882,968 $40,287,427
1975 $65,678,189,097 $40,106,776
1974 $56,033,077,879 $35,994,511
1973 $47,743,801,490 $26,529,817
1972 $37,209,418,019 $21,734,269
1971 $29,821,661,870 $19,009,433
1970 $26,706,196,047 $17,570,366
1969 $24,019,653,475 -
1968 $21,654,856,965 -
1967 $20,252,508,995 -
1966 $18,894,891,312 -
1965 $17,597,783,297 -
1964 $16,168,044,450 -
1963 $14,445,805,381 -
1962 $13,436,827,167 -
1961 $12,561,701,694 -
1960 $11,810,619,368 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belgium vs Nauru by year

Belgium
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Nauru
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belgium Nauru
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $56,615 $73,514 $13,609 $14,173
2023 $55,291 $71,946 $12,752 $13,732
2022 $50,606 $69,128 $12,912 $13,245
2021 $51,658 $60,669 $14,979 $12,112
2020 $45,906 $56,120 $10,709 $10,811
2019 $46,717 $56,712 $10,802 $10,555
2018 $47,487 $52,467 $11,414 $9,657
2017 $44,035 $50,256 $9,657 $9,650
2016 $41,855 $48,415 $8,748 $10,281
2015 $40,894 $46,072 $7,747 $9,955
2014 $47,996 $45,148 $9,230 $9,726
2013 $46,965 $43,864 $8,975 $8,429
2012 $44,874 $42,484 $9,843 $8,153
2011 $47,761 $41,245 $6,444 $6,544
2010 $44,197 $39,840 $4,736 $5,620
2009 $44,923 $37,906 $4,411 $5,568
2008 $48,303 $37,883 $3,757 $5,863
2007 $44,319 $36,798 $2,272 $4,789
2006 $38,705 $35,251 $2,910 $5,975
2005 $36,810 $33,178 $2,992 $5,336
2004 $35,429 $32,060 $3,041 $5,169
2003 $30,655 $30,931 $2,463 $5,261
2002 $25,006 $30,282 $2,085 $5,132
2001 $23,015 $28,794 $2,232 $5,587
2000 $23,099 $27,794 $2,649 $5,838
1999 $25,253 $25,441 $2,683 $6,118
1998 $25,338 $24,370 $2,909 $6,450
1997 $24,821 $23,733 $3,661 $7,231
1996 $27,490 $22,745 $3,679 $7,818
1995 $28,414 $22,446 $3,932 $8,726
1994 $24,209 $21,518 $3,921 $9,308
1993 $22,284 $20,473 $4,310 $9,513
1992 $23,373 $20,272 $5,103 $11,167
1991 $21,042 $19,601 $5,333 $13,265
1990 $20,600 $18,688 $5,776 $16,215
1989 $16,525 - $5,723 -
1988 $16,391 - $5,012 -
1987 $15,136 - $4,485 -
1986 $12,170 - $4,569 -
1985 $8,751 - $4,859 -
1984 $8,457 - $5,654 -
1983 $8,846 - $5,896 -
1982 $9,344 - $6,577 -
1981 $10,623 - $6,594 -
1980 $12,864 - $6,138 -
1979 $11,811 - $5,950 -
1978 $10,290 - $5,721 -
1977 $8,427 - $5,646 -
1976 $7,243 - $5,703 -
1975 $6,701 - $5,740 -
1974 $5,734 - $5,199 -
1973 $4,901 - $3,864 -
1972 $3,832 - $3,191 -
1971 $3,083 - $2,811 -
1970 $2,766 - $2,619 -
1969 $2,490 - - -
1968 $2,251 - - -
1967 $2,114 - - -
1966 $1,983 - - -
1965 $1,860 - - -
1964 $1,724 - - -
1963 $1,555 - - -
1962 $1,457 - - -
1961 $1,368 - - -
1960 $1,290 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

Belgium's GDP per capita is $56,615, ranking 18/197, compared to $13,609 in Nauru, ranking 74/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belgium ranks 21st at $73,514, while Nauru ranks 119th at $14,173.

Economic indicators

Belgium Nauru
Gross domestic product
$671B
2024
$163M
2024
GDP rank
23/197
2024
195/197
2024
GDP growth
1.07%
2023-2024
1.39%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$56,615
2024
$13,609
2024
GDP per capita rank
18/197
2024
74/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,514
2024
$14,173
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
21/197
2024
119/197
2024
Government debt
$703B
2024
$28.3M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
104.7%
2024
17.4%
2024
Government debt per person
$59,278
2024
$2,367
2024
Government debt per person rank
5/185
2024
113/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,259
2026
$8,783
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$321B
2018
n/a
Number of millionaires
549,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
11
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.2%
2023
25.3%
2012
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
3.4%
2012
Government expenditure, % of GDP
54.5%
2024
122.1%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.14%
2023-2024
9.3%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
5.7%
2024
5.06%
2021
Population
11902714
12125

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belgium
Spending

Debt
Nauru
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belgium Nauru
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 54.5% 104.7% 122.1% 17.4%
2023 53.3% 103.2% 118.1% 20.5%
2022 52.3% 102.7% 134.8% 22.4%
2021 54.9% 108.5% 93% 20.5%
2020 58.5% 111.2% 109.4% 56.3%
2019 51.8% 97.6% 106% 59.6%
2018 52.5% 100.1% 90.8% 71.1%
2017 52.3% 102.5% 102.3% 78%
2016 53.4% 105.5% 96% 86.3%
2015 53.9% 105.6% 85.4% 113%
2014 55.4% 106.6% 61.3% 147.7%
2013 55.9% 105% 66% 166.9%
2012 56.2% 104.3% 46% 157.3%
2011 55% 102.7% 44.7% 236.8%
2010 53.9% 100.2% 73.8% 298.9%
2009 54.5% 99.9% 68% 295.6%
2008 50.8% 93.2% - -
2007 48.6% 87.3% - -
2006 48.8% 91.5% - -
2005 51.9% 95.1% - -
2004 49.3% 97.2% - -
2003 51% 101.7% - -
2002 49.9% 105.4% - -
2001 49.4% 108.2% - -
2000 49.4% 109.6% - -
1999 50.5% 115.4% - -
1998 51% 119.2% - -
1997 51.6% 124.3% - -
1996 53.1% 129% - -
1995 52.6% 131.3% - -
1994 54.7% 137.1% - -
1993 57.1% 138.9% - -
1992 55.9% 134.7% - -
1991 55.6% 131.8% - -
1990 54.4% 130.3% - -
1989 52.3% 126.4% - -
1988 53.9% 129.7% - -
1987 55.8% 129.2% - -
1986 57.6% 124.7% - -
1985 58.4% 119.4% - -
1984 59.1% 114.6% - -
1983 62.2% 110.3% - -
1982 59.6% 99.6% - -
1981 61.5% 89.7% - -
1980 54.9% 76.8% - -
1979 54.8% 69.2% - -
1978 52.8% 65.2% - -
1977 52.2% 61.6% - -
1976 50.4% 61.4% - -
1975 50.2% 59.5% - -
1974 44.5% 61.7% - -
1973 45% 63.7% - -
1972 45% 64.9% - -
1971 43.9% 63.5% - -
1970 42.7% 66.6% - -
1969 26.5% 51.6% - -
1968 26.7% 54.5% - -
1967 25.5% 54.1% - -
1966 25.1% 55.6% - -
1965 23.4% 57.6% - -
1964 22.5% 59.4% - -
1963 23.1% 64.1% - -
1962 22.5% 65.3% - -
1961 22.1% 67.8% - -
1960 23.7% 69.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government spending was $366B, accounting for 54.5% of its GDP, while Nauru spent $199M, or 122.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 104.7% in Belgium and 17.4% in Nauru, ranking 19/185 and 176/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belgium

Nauru
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belgium Nauru
2024 -4.52% 29.8%
2023 -4.1% 19.4%
2022 -3.62% 24.3%
2021 -5.4% 44.5%
2020 -9.03% 42.8%
2019 -2.05% 31%
2018 -1.05% 29.6%
2017 -0.76% 16.2%
2016 -2.43% 18.9%
2015 -2.48% 10.7%
2014 -3.18% 29.6%
2013 -3.16% 1.71%
2012 -4.35% 8.12%
2011 -4.44% 2.73%
2010 -4.13% 0.09%
2009 -5.45% 0.37%
2008 -1.1% -
2007 0.07% -
2006 0.24% -
2005 -2.72% -
2004 -0.24% -
2003 -1.86% -
2002 -0.04% -
2001 0.23% -
2000 -0.08% -
1999 -0.65% -
1998 -1.03% -
1997 -2.15% -
1996 -4% -
1995 -4.51% -
1994 -5.29% -
1993 -7.71% -
1992 -8.42% -
1991 -7.67% -
1990 -6.99% -
1989 -7.58% -
1988 -7.28% -
1987 -7.89% -
1986 -9.96% -
1985 -10.1% -
1984 -10.8% -
1983 -14.5% -
1982 -12.3% -
1981 -15.5% -
1980 -9.43% -
1979 -8.33% -
1978 -6.51% -
1977 -6.51% -
1976 -6.61% -
1975 -6.45% -
1974 -3.87% -
1973 -5.02% -
1972 -6.07% -
1971 -4.45% -
1970 -3.51% -
1969 -3.34% -
1968 -3.69% -
1967 -2.76% -
1966 -3.08% -
1965 -2.9% -
1964 -2.27% -
1963 -2.8% -
1962 -2.12% -
1961 -2.34% -
1960 -4.89% -
1959 -5.21% -
1958 -4.33% -
1957 -1.27% -
1956 1.85% -
1955 -1.05% -
1954 2.34% -
1953 0.14% -
1952 -0.26% -
1951 0.59% -
1950 -2.01% -
1949 -2.05% -
1948 -2.29% -
1947 -14.5% -
1946 1.87% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 -5.81% -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 -6.86% -
1938 -5.17% -
1937 -4.71% -
1936 -4.92% -
1935 -5.94% -
1934 -2.78% -
1933 -1.69% -
1932 - -
1931 - -
1930 -2.48% -
1929 - -
1928 - -
1927 3.06% -
1926 - -
1925 - -
1924 -5.53% -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 -1.4% -
1912 -1.39% -
1911 -0.92% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 0.13% -
1908 -0.95% -
1907 -0.81% -
1906 -1.35% -
1905 1.23% -
1904 0.004% -
1903 0.08% -
1902 0.22% -
1901 0.55% -
1900 -0.54% -
1899 -1.64% -
1898 -0.28% -
1897 -0.25% -
1896 0.94% -
1895 -0.33% -
1894 0.06% -
1893 0.07% -
1892 0.17% -
1891 -0.005% -
1890 -0.83% -
1889 0.3% -
1888 -0.21% -
1887 -0.12% -
1886 0.54% -
1885 -0.43% -
1884 -0.26% -
1883 -0.54% -
1882 -0.3% -
1881 0.08% -
1880 0.12% -
1879 -1.51% -
1878 -1.78% -
1877 -2.52% -
1876 -0.77% -
1875 -0.88% -
1874 -1.02% -
1873 -2.08% -
1872 -0.7% -
1871 -0.64% -
1870 -0.58% -
1869 -0.35% -
1868 -0.39% -
1867 -0.49% -
1866 -0.87% -
1865 -0.55% -
1864 -0.62% -
1863 -0.72% -
1862 -0.49% -
1861 -0.22% -
1860 -0.13% -
1859 0.1% -
1858 0.35% -
1857 0% -
1856 -0.26% -
1855 -0.28% -
1854 -0.4% -
1853 -0.3% -
1852 -0.44% -
1851 -0.05% -
1850 -0.11% -
1849 0.11% -
1848 -1.41% -
1847 -0.69% -
1846 -0.52% -
1845 -1.17% -
1844 -4.92% -
1843 -0.86% -
1842 -0.89% -
1841 -0.75% -
1840 0.16% -
1839 -0.43% -
1838 0.23% -
1837 -0.11% -
1836 0.18% -
1835 0.27% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

In 2024, Belgium's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $30.3B, equivalent to 4.52% of GDP. This compares to Nauru's surplus of $48.4M, or 29.8% of GDP.

Over the past 16 years, Belgium recorded a fiscal deficit in 16 of those years, while Nauru ran a deficit in 0 years. On average, Belgium posted an annual deficit equal to 3.76% of GDP, compared to surplus of 19.4% of GDP for Nauru.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belgium

Nauru
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belgium Nauru
2024 3.14% 9.3%
2023 4.05% 4.8%
2022 9.6% 1.1%
2021 2.44% 2%
2020 0.74% 0.9%
2019 1.44% 4.1%
2018 2.05% 1.1%
2017 2.13% 4.5%
2016 1.97% 8.1%
2015 0.56% 9.8%
2014 0.34% 0.3%
2013 1.11% -1.1%
2012 2.84% 0.3%
2011 3.53% -3.4%
2010 2.19% -2%
2009 -0.05% 22.4%
2008 4.49% 1%
2007 1.82% 5.6%
2006 1.79% 19.3%
2005 2.78% 8.7%
2004 2.1% -
2003 1.59% -
2002 1.65% -
2001 2.47% -
2000 2.54% -
1999 1.12% -
1998 0.95% -
1997 1.63% -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (2005–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

Over the past 20 years, Belgium has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.45%, compared with 4.84% in Nauru. In 2024, inflation was 3.14% in Belgium and 9.3% in Nauru.

Top exports between countries

Belgium
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $246K
Machinery & equipment $67K
Nauru
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $1K

Balance of trade

Belgium Nauru
Current account balance
-$2.54B
2024
$9.73M
2024
Current account balance ranking
151/190
2024
75/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.38%
2024
+5.98%
2024
Goods imports
$370B
2024
$92.7M
2024
Goods exports
$382B
2024
$25.5M
2024
Service imports
$164B
2024
$88.2M
2024
Service exports
$150B
2024
$64.6M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.7%
2024
110.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
79.3%
2024
55.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belgium Nauru
Economic freedom 69.2 60
Economic freedom ranking 42/197 97/197
Property rights 91.1 n/a
Government integrity 78.2 n/a
Judicial effectiveness 91.6 n/a
Tax burden 50.6 n/a
Government spending 14.6 n/a
Fiscal health 53.4 n/a
Business freedom 82.5 n/a
Labor freedom 57.5 n/a
Monetary freedom 76.8 n/a
Trade freedom 79.4 n/a
Investment freedom 85 n/a
Financial freedom 70 n/a

Other economic metrics

Belgium Nauru
Services, % of GDP
71%
2024
n/a
Industry, % of GDP
18.7%
2024
n/a
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.79%
2024
n/a
GNI, Atlas method
$656B
2024
$244M
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$74,770
2024
$21,970
2024
Total reserves including gold
$41.4B
2024
n/a
Total reserves ranking
49/177
2024
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
$46.1B
2024
$4.51M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$41.4B
2024
-$5.85M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.71B
2024
-$1.34M
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.3%
2022
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.5%
2024
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/nauru | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.