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Economy of Algeria vs Mali compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Algeria has a GDP of $264B compared to $26.6B for Mali, ranking 52/197 and 113/197 by economy size, respectively.

Algeria has $122B in government debt (57.8% of GDP), compared to $13.8B (51.7% of GDP) in Mali.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Algeria
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Mali
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Algeria Mali
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $2,723,615,451 $27,287,513,102 - -
1961 $2,434,747,056 $23,574,926,518 - -
1962 $2,001,444,544 $18,934,192,373 - -
1963 $2,702,982,018 $25,431,219,790 - -
1964 $2,909,316,435 $26,916,253,746 - -
1965 $3,136,284,307 $28,586,918,219 - -
1966 $3,039,859,187 $27,213,325,105 - -
1967 $3,370,870,376 $29,785,790,539 $275,494,478 $2,208,088,440
1968 $3,852,147,027 $33,001,535,546 $343,771,973 $2,289,973,417
1969 $4,257,253,264 $35,784,647,536 $339,913,867 $2,295,263,242
1970 $4,863,526,897 $38,956,118,145 $359,772,315 $2,436,122,511
1971 $5,077,183,094 $34,541,720,238 $395,218,629 $2,498,706,401
1972 $6,766,743,957 $44,014,431,054 $486,617,280 $2,644,731,214
1973 $8,707,858,912 $45,692,778,906 $563,683,703 $2,606,247,312
1974 $13,209,871,626 $49,117,415,082 $538,747,340 $2,566,402,323
1975 $15,557,902,754 $51,595,556,464 $830,710,615 $2,864,747,854
1976 $17,728,240,932 $55,922,750,141 $939,228,017 $3,255,025,017
1977 $20,972,113,685 $58,863,496,044 $1,049,838,548 $3,461,675,072
1978 $26,364,491,313 $64,287,670,492 $1,222,702,573 $3,411,014,276
1979 $33,243,706,860 $69,094,990,985 $1,595,422,956 $3,765,612,310
1980 $42,345,829,079 $69,641,260,801 $1,759,691,186 $3,602,717,952
1981 $44,348,590,461 $71,730,495,901 $1,538,972,424 $3,657,075,915
1982 $45,207,167,470 $76,321,250,590 $1,333,754,225 $3,387,241,017
1983 $48,801,369,800 $80,442,600,430 $1,297,765,326 $3,448,918,400
1984 $53,698,548,293 $84,947,383,263 $1,232,932,104 $3,439,019,620
1985 $57,937,868,670 $88,090,434,111 $1,392,196,048 $4,136,680,975
1986 $63,692,007,897 $88,442,796,731 $1,852,163,453 $4,248,066,111
1987 $66,745,818,375 $87,823,699,342 $2,090,629,987 $4,242,154,320
1988 $59,089,396,860 $86,945,457,527 $2,169,040,603 $4,555,637,691
1989 $55,634,721,573 $90,771,059,536 $2,181,821,909 $4,745,944,358
1990 $62,048,507,531 $91,497,228,539 $2,681,912,149 $4,627,182,079
1991 $45,715,676,428 $90,399,261,260 $2,724,131,458 $5,170,654,044
1992 $48,003,133,347 $92,026,450,044 $2,830,673,378 $5,004,228,141
1993 $49,945,584,453 $90,093,893,897 $2,818,281,085 $5,162,970,674
1994 $42,543,176,829 $89,283,051,957 $2,081,846,498 $5,358,127,561
1995 $41,764,291,672 $92,675,803,281 $2,706,425,157 $5,407,477,116
1996 $46,941,554,225 $96,475,509,799 $2,780,422,049 $5,789,017,097
1997 $48,177,612,042 $97,536,740,346 $2,697,105,823 $6,068,570,141
1998 $48,187,781,984 $102,511,117,625 $2,920,358,711 $6,528,062,103
1999 $48,640,671,735 $105,791,474,981 $3,440,724,710 $6,900,223,245
2000 $54,790,398,570 $109,811,551,032 $2,961,484,954 $6,896,025,496
2001 $59,413,400,924 $113,105,897,562 $3,468,337,942 $7,956,374,890
2002 $61,516,103,406 $119,213,616,030 $3,908,121,307 $8,203,524,419
2003 $73,482,264,191 $126,962,501,073 $4,714,071,980 $8,951,607,256
2004 $91,913,680,985 $132,675,813,621 $7,113,132,070 $9,091,252,209
2005 $107,046,618,670 $139,840,307,556 $8,009,875,052 $9,773,522,017
2006 $123,084,258,693 $143,895,676,474 $8,858,863,053 $10,423,877,693
2007 $142,482,739,810 $148,356,442,446 $10,289,243,720 $10,827,805,889
2008 $180,383,848,331 $152,065,353,507 $12,262,134,441 $11,535,657,885
2009 $150,317,292,079 $153,890,137,748 $12,592,138,109 $12,070,163,730
2010 $177,785,053,940 $161,276,864,361 $13,196,527,458 $12,905,626,894
2011 $218,331,946,925 $166,115,170,291 $15,506,843,902 $13,424,321,494
2012 $227,143,746,076 $170,101,934,379 $14,891,957,623 $13,347,723,848
2013 $229,701,430,292 $174,524,584,674 $15,769,357,573 $13,665,683,442
2014 $238,942,664,193 $181,680,092,643 $16,943,434,591 $14,704,621,766
2015 $187,493,855,609 $187,493,855,609 $15,583,181,170 $15,583,181,170
2016 $180,763,839,522 $194,806,115,978 $16,743,796,800 $16,518,961,030
2017 $189,880,896,903 $197,728,207,716 $18,308,362,040 $17,406,945,660
2018 $194,554,483,656 $200,496,402,626 $20,368,015,381 $18,254,289,664
2019 $193,459,662,091 $202,300,870,248 $20,477,421,885 $19,167,003,986
2020 $164,873,415,325 $192,185,826,737 $20,698,560,939 $18,942,927,332
2021 $186,231,205,262 $199,488,888,151 $22,999,245,263 $19,530,336,379
2022 $225,638,456,572 $206,670,488,127 $22,374,051,350 $20,215,515,809
2023 $247,626,161,016 $215,143,978,140 $24,621,545,565 $21,169,114,244
2024 $263,619,794,507 $222,243,729,417 $26,588,067,731 $22,228,532,291

Economic indicators

Algeria Mali
Gross domestic product
$264B
2024
$26.6B
2024
GDP rank
52/197
2024
113/197
2024
GDP growth
6.46%
2023-2024
7.99%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$5,631
2024
$1,086
2024
GDP per capita rank
115/197
2024
171/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$17,553
2024
$3,309
2024
Government debt
$122B
2024
$13.8B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
57.8%
2025
51.7%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,602
2024
$563
2024
Government debt per person rank
109/185
2024
161/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,802
2025
$1,598
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$371M
2018
n/a
Number of billionaires
1
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.9%
2011
28.3%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
4%
2011
3.2%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
38.4%
2025
26.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.05%
2023-2024
3.5%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
3%
2020
n/a
Unemployment rate
12%
2017
2.39%
2022
Population
47911682
25787988

GDP per capita in Algeria vs Mali

Algeria's GDP per capita is $5,631, ranking 115/197, compared to $1,086 in Mali, ranking 171/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Algeria ranks 104th at $17,553, while Mali ranks 173rd at $3,309.

Algeria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Mali
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Algeria Mali
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $238.4 - - -
1961 $209.4 - - -
1962 $169.6 - - -
1963 $225.6 - - -
1964 $238.9 - - -
1965 $253.6 - - -
1966 $241.4 - - -
1967 $261.8 - $46 -
1968 $292.4 - $56.5 -
1969 $316 - $55 -
1970 $353 - $57.3 -
1971 $360 - $62 -
1972 $469 - $75.1 -
1973 $590 - $85.4 -
1974 $873 - $80.2 -
1975 $992 - $121.5 -
1976 $1,080 - $134.9 -
1977 $1,232 - $148.1 -
1978 $1,506 - $169.1 -
1979 $1,843 - $216.3 -
1980 $2,276 - $233.7 -
1981 $2,307 - $200.1 -
1982 $2,275 - $169.7 -
1983 $2,374 - $161.5 -
1984 $2,524 - $150.2 -
1985 $2,633 - $166.2 -
1986 $2,800 - $217.1 -
1987 $2,847 - $240.8 -
1988 $2,451 - $245.5 -
1989 $2,247 - $242.4 -
1990 $2,445 $7,602 $292.2 $823
1991 $1,759 $7,582 $290.9 $932
1992 $1,803 $7,705 $296.3 $904
1993 $1,831 $7,538 $288.9 $936
1994 $1,526 $7,463 $208.9 $971
1995 $1,467 $7,747 $265.7 $979
1996 $1,617 $8,053 $267.2 $1,044
1997 $1,629 $8,129 $253.3 $1,088
1998 $1,603 $8,503 $267.4 $1,154
1999 $1,596 $8,776 $306 $1,203
2000 $1,773 $9,187 $256.2 $1,195
2001 $1,896 $9,544 $291.2 $1,368
2002 $1,937 $10,080 $318 $1,388
2003 $2,284 $10,803 $372 $1,496
2004 $2,817 $11,432 $543 $1,511
2005 $3,233 $12,246 $592 $1,621
2006 $3,661 $12,791 $633 $1,725
2007 $4,167 $13,321 $712 $1,781
2008 $5,181 $13,666 $821 $1,871
2009 $4,235 $13,651 $816 $1,907
2010 $4,913 $14,201 $828 $1,998
2011 $5,916 $14,640 $942 $2,053
2012 $6,034 $14,441 $878 $2,003
2013 $5,980 $14,371 $903 $2,062
2014 $6,095 $14,694 $940 $2,167
2015 $4,685 $13,807 $838 $2,330
2016 $4,425 $13,438 $872 $2,532
2017 $4,555 $13,494 $924 $2,607
2018 $4,577 $13,727 $996 $2,684
2019 $4,468 $13,893 $972 $2,820
2020 $3,744 $12,677 $953 $2,724
2021 $4,161 $14,497 $1,027 $2,796
2022 $4,962 $15,836 $970 $3,009
2023 $5,364 $16,824 $1,036 $3,168
2024 $5,631 $17,553 $1,086 $3,309

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Algeria's government spending was $99.9B, accounting for 38.4% of its GDP, while Mali's spent $6.56B, or 26.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 57.8% in Algeria and 51.7% in Mali, ranking 92/185 and 106/185, respectively.

Algeria
Government spending

Government debt
Mali
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Algeria Mali
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 23.3% 63.6% - -
1991 27.6% 86.1% - -
1992 28.2% 69.3% - -
1993 32.6% 76.8% - -
1994 30.9% 106.3% - -
1995 28.9% 95.9% - -
1996 26.9% 90.7% - -
1997 28.5% 79.6% - -
1998 28.7% 79.9% - -
1999 29.4% 69.7% - -
2000 26.4% 53.4% 19.4% 90.5%
2001 29.1% 50% 18.3% 77.5%
2002 32.5% 47.3% 19.9% 42.6%
2003 27% 38.2% 20.8% 44.1%
2004 27.1% 32.7% 21.8% 42.4%
2005 27.8% 25.4% 21.6% 46.6%
2006 27.8% 22.5% 22.1% 18.1%
2007 33.1% 12.8% 21.5% 18.5%
2008 37.3% 7.64% 18.8% 20.1%
2009 40.1% 8.92% 22.8% 21.9%
2010 35.1% 9.51% 20.3% 25.3%
2011 37.7% 8.48% 20.6% 24%
2012 40% 8.58% 15.5% 25.4%
2013 33.5% 6.48% 19.8% 26.4%
2014 36.9% 6.85% 20% 26.9%
2015 40.9% 7.73% 20.9% 30.7%
2016 37.2% 18.1% 22.3% 37.2%
2017 36.2% 24% 22.9% 38.2%
2018 36.2% 34.5% 20.3% 37.5%
2019 37.1% 40.9% 23.1% 40.7%
2020 37.5% 46% 26.1% 47.3%
2021 32.5% 55.1% 26.9% 51.6%
2022 32.7% 48.1% 24.4% 50.3%
2023 37.4% 47.7% 24.8% 51.9%
2024 37.9% 46.2% 24.7% 51.8%
2025 38.4% 57.8% 26.2% 51.7%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Algeria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$32.3B, equivalent to -12.2% of GDP. This compares to Mali's deficit of -$679M, or -2.55% of GDP.

Over the past 25 years, Algeria recorded a fiscal deficit in 16 of those years, while Mali ran a deficit in 24 years. On average, Algeria posted an annual deficit equal to -1.75% of GDP, compared to deficit of -1.76% of GDP for Mali.

Deficit/surplus
Algeria

Mali
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Algeria Mali
1990 3.35% -
1991 1.53% -
1992 -1.05% -
1993 -7.79% -
1994 -4.05% -
1995 -1.3% -
1996 2.7% -
1997 2.19% -
1998 -3.52% -
1999 -1.83% -
2000 8.91% -2.64%
2001 3.15% -2.8%
2002 0.21% -3.09%
2003 7.22% -1.19%
2004 6.36% -2.36%
2005 11.4% -2.76%
2006 12.9% 27.8%
2007 4.63% -2.78%
2008 7.79% -1.97%
2009 -6.53% -3.71%
2010 -1.35% -2.57%
2011 -1.06% -3.42%
2012 -4.04% -0.96%
2013 -0.79% -2.37%
2014 -7.14% -2.89%
2015 -13.9% -1.82%
2016 -11.8% -3.95%
2017 -7.55% -2.86%
2018 -6.15% -4.74%
2019 -8.51% -1.68%
2020 -10.5% -5.42%
2021 -6.32% -4.91%
2022 -2.96% -4.75%
2023 -5.52% -3.57%
2024 -12.2% -2.55%
2025 -14.4% -3.13%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Algeria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.93%, compared with 2.23% in Mali. In 2024, inflation was 4.05% in Algeria and 3.5% in Mali.

Inflation
Algeria

Mali
Year Inflation
Algeria Mali Algeria Mali
1996 18.7% 6.5%
1997 5.73% -0.7%
1998 4.95% 4.1%
1999 2.65% -1.2%
2000 0.34% -0.8%
2001 4.23% 5.2%
2002 1.42% 5%
2003 4.27% -1.3%
2004 3.96% -3.1%
2005 1.38% 6.4%
2006 2.31% 1.6%
2007 3.68% 1.4%
2008 4.86% 9.2%
2009 5.74% 2.4%
2010 3.91% 1.2%
2011 4.52% 3%
2012 8.89% 5.3%
2013 3.25% -0.6%
2014 2.92% 0.9%
2015 4.78% 1.4%
2016 6.4% -1.8%
2017 5.59% 2.4%
2018 4.27% 1.9%
2019 1.95% -3%
2020 2.42% 0.5%
2021 7.23% 3.8%
2022 9.27% 9.7%
2023 9.32% 2.1%
2024 4.05% 3.2%
2025 - 3.5%

Top exports between countries

Algeria
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $520K
Chemicals & pharma $464K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $83K
Miscellaneous $67K
Wood & paper products $39K
Raw materials & minerals $7K
Raw agricultural goods $4K
Mali
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $3.85M
Textiles & consumer goods $2.86M
Raw materials & minerals $391K
Raw agricultural goods $165K
Chemicals & pharma $23K

Balance of trade

Algeria Mali
Current account balance
-$2.75B
2024
-$1.61B
2023
Current account balance ranking
151/189
2024
135/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.04%
2024
-6.54%
2023
Goods imports
$45.3B
2024
$5.73B
2023
Goods exports
$48.8B
2024
$5.65B
2023
Service imports
$9.13B
2024
$2.34B
2023
Service exports
$4.22B
2024
$475M
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.1%
2023
28.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
23.6%
2023
22.5%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Algeria Mali
Economic freedom 47.5 52.6
Economic freedom ranking 176/197 144/197
Property rights 27.6 23.5
Government integrity 29.5 22.7
Judicial effectiveness 29.8 32.9
Tax burden 80.3 70
Government spending 64.4 79.6
Fiscal health 58.1 60.4
Business freedom 59.1 42.4
Labor freedom 52.4 53.9
Monetary freedom 70.9 77.2
Trade freedom 57.4 64
Investment freedom 20 65
Financial freedom 20 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Algeria is 47.5, ranking 176/197, compared to 52.6 for Mali, ranking 144/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Algeria
Mali
Year Economic freedom index
Algeria Mali
1995 55.7 52.4
1996 54.5 57
1997 54.9 56.4
1998 55.8 57.3
1999 57.2 58.4
2000 56.8 60.3
2001 57.3 60.1
2002 61 61.1
2003 57.7 58.6
2004 58.1 56.6
2005 53.2 57.3
2006 55.7 54.1
2007 55.4 54.7
2008 56.2 55.6
2009 56.6 55.6
2010 56.9 55.6
2011 52.4 56.3
2012 51 55.8
2013 49.6 56.4
2014 50.8 55.5
2015 48.9 56.4
2016 50.1 56.5
2017 46.5 58.6
2018 44.7 57.6
2019 46.2 58.1
2020 46.9 55.9
2021 49.7 55.6
2022 45.8 55.9
2023 43.2 54.5
2024 43.9 52.5
2025 47.5 52.6

More economic indicators

Algeria Mali
Services, % of GDP
45.6%
2023
36.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
37.8%
2023
22.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
13.1%
2023
33.4%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$249B
2024
$24.9B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$17,220
2024
$3,210
2024
Total reserves including gold
$83B
2024
n/a
Total reserves ranking
31/177
2024
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.23B
2024
-$673M
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.23B
2024
$709M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$265K
2024
$35.4M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
0.19%
2023
1.52%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
5.5%
2011
43.3%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
37.7%
2023
20.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.