Skip to content

Economy of Fiji vs Netherlands compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Fiji has a GDP of $6.2B compared to $1.33T for the Netherlands, ranking 161/197 and 18/197 by economy size, respectively.

Fiji has $4.88B in government debt (78.7% of GDP), compared to $578B (43.3% of GDP) in the Netherlands.

Fiji vs Netherlands GDP by year

Fiji
Netherlands
1x
Year GDP, current $
Fiji Netherlands
2025 $6,198,013,062 $1,332,767,651,100
2024 $5,968,125,909 $1,213,936,238,063
2023 $5,476,673,518 $1,135,475,867,551
2022 $4,977,861,886 $1,046,540,797,549
2021 $4,158,873,156 $1,054,472,123,450
2020 $4,227,719,873 $932,560,861,701
2019 $5,344,907,153 $928,903,005,576
2018 $5,581,425,327 $929,733,599,797
2017 $5,353,469,174 $848,233,537,846
2016 $4,930,213,644 $797,163,949,290
2015 $4,682,479,894 $775,743,675,303
2014 $4,857,104,769 $901,556,501,756
2013 $4,189,967,999 $883,951,539,007
2012 $3,972,028,104 $845,689,017,066
2011 $3,779,411,899 $913,140,741,333
2010 $3,140,166,713 $852,464,982,433
2009 $2,870,624,636 $878,954,223,140
2008 $3,523,185,920 $957,901,566,041
2007 $3,378,314,600 $853,499,460,873
2006 $3,076,305,453 $737,593,995,289
2005 $2,980,403,845 $688,133,699,636
2004 $2,708,078,477 $661,224,886,143
2003 $2,300,492,465 $582,435,617,082
2002 $1,833,279,985 $475,529,972,123
2001 $1,652,462,023 $432,536,219,669
2000 $1,678,219,508 $417,649,282,154
1999 $1,936,459,986 $447,778,514,140
1998 $1,653,146,717 $438,612,530,549
1997 $2,090,221,137 $417,506,211,882
1996 $2,128,696,644 $451,372,549,020
1995 $1,970,301,486 $452,967,334,614
1994 $1,825,732,093 $379,688,232,232
1993 $1,636,101,247 $354,070,495,966
1992 $1,532,411,039 $363,497,050,125
1991 $1,383,883,250 $327,982,316,124
1990 $1,337,017,559 $318,799,003,994
1989 $1,182,660,266 $258,716,904,292
1988 $1,110,009,523 $262,295,966,105
1987 $1,177,947,965 $245,406,949,521
1986 $1,290,267,340 $201,157,708,221
1985 $1,141,168,944 $144,057,523,222
1984 $1,178,000,678 $144,124,462,912
1983 $1,123,085,190 $153,671,294,109
1982 $1,194,059,943 $158,712,765,536
1981 $1,235,626,771 $164,375,775,854
1980 $1,202,618,816 $195,439,301,707
1979 $1,019,691,460 $179,933,827,310
1978 $829,267,889 $156,089,077,205
1977 $719,501,766 $127,203,923,857
1976 $694,540,806 $109,329,386,564
1975 $684,282,434 $100,397,061,694
1974 $558,587,097 $87,371,810,804
1973 $425,950,488 $71,946,639,603
1972 $316,656,649 $54,787,070,173
1971 $247,749,328 $44,644,730,576
1970 $219,878,482 $38,220,884,519
1969 $182,182,068 $34,086,038,090
1968 $166,952,937 $30,097,635,751
1967 $162,625,886 $27,143,828,099
1966 $150,603,926 $24,741,480,717
1965 $147,084,750 $22,721,869,808
1964 $140,032,741 $20,232,048,553
1963 $129,454,729 $17,193,744,109
1962 $122,906,435 $15,847,582,341
1961 $116,987,785 $14,599,836,396
1960 $112,328,422 $13,282,979,015

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

GDP per capita in Fiji vs Netherlands by year

Fiji
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Netherlands
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Fiji Netherlands
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $6,642 - $73,684 -
2024 $6,426 $15,450 $67,465 $86,174
2023 $5,926 $14,644 $63,516 $81,729
2022 $5,414 $12,982 $59,123 $78,630
2021 $4,537 $10,322 $60,142 $68,574
2020 $4,621 $10,716 $53,468 $62,597
2019 $5,842 $12,978 $53,555 $62,345
2018 $6,085 $12,984 $53,955 $58,819
2017 $5,827 $12,585 $49,514 $56,038
2016 $5,364 $11,766 $46,809 $53,162
2015 $5,098 $11,519 $45,794 $50,957
2014 $5,293 $10,516 $53,457 $49,751
2013 $4,572 $8,842 $52,602 $49,622
2012 $4,341 $8,204 $50,474 $47,653
2011 $4,140 $7,672 $54,702 $47,004
2010 $3,449 $7,339 $51,306 $45,301
2009 $3,164 $7,068 $53,172 $44,959
2008 $3,900 $7,154 $58,247 $46,714
2007 $3,763 $6,990 $52,101 $44,203
2006 $3,455 $6,921 $45,124 $41,208
2005 $3,378 $6,652 $42,165 $37,778
2004 $3,097 $6,463 $40,611 $35,961
2003 $2,656 $6,033 $35,897 $34,286
2002 $2,137 $5,914 $29,447 $34,568
2001 $1,945 $5,699 $26,956 $33,259
2000 $1,996 $5,521 $26,225 $31,895
1999 $2,328 $5,552 $28,319 $29,316
1998 $2,010 $5,090 $27,924 $27,749
1997 $2,574 $5,031 $26,745 $26,062
1996 $2,648 $5,109 $29,064 $24,564
1995 $2,467 $4,818 $29,301 $23,480
1994 $2,297 $4,627 $24,683 $22,414
1993 $2,070 $4,334 $23,156 $21,443
1992 $1,951 $4,172 $23,939 $20,831
1991 $1,775 $3,873 $21,764 $20,177
1990 $1,729 $3,882 $21,322 $19,203
1989 $1,543 - $17,423 -
1988 $1,463 - $17,771 -
1987 $1,569 - $16,734 -
1986 $1,745 - $13,804 -
1985 $1,577 - $9,941 -
1984 $1,667 - $9,992 -
1983 $1,628 - $10,696 -
1982 $1,773 - $11,089 -
1981 $1,879 - $11,537 -
1980 $1,873 - $13,812 -
1979 $1,627 - $12,817 -
1978 $1,355 - $11,196 -
1977 $1,204 - $9,180 -
1976 $1,186 - $7,937 -
1975 $1,188 - $7,346 -
1974 $984 - $6,450 -
1973 $762 - $5,353 -
1972 $575 - $4,110 -
1971 $458 - $3,384 -
1970 $414 - $2,931 -
1969 $350 - $2,647 -
1968 $327 - $2,364 -
1967 $326 - $2,155 -
1966 $310 - $1,986 -
1965 $311 - $1,848 -
1964 $306 - $1,668 -
1963 $291.4 - $1,437 -
1962 $285.5 - $1,342 -
1961 $280.3 - $1,254 -
1960 $277.4 - $1,156 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

Fiji's GDP per capita is $6,642, ranking 106/197, compared to $73,684 in the Netherlands, ranking 12/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Fiji ranks 113th at $15,450, while the Netherlands ranks 11th at $86,174.

Economic indicators

Fiji Netherlands
Gross domestic product
$6.2B
2025
$1.33T
2025
GDP rank
161/197
2025
18/197
2025
GDP growth
3.2%
2024-2025
1.78%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$6,642
2025
$73,684
2025
GDP per capita rank
106/197
2025
12/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$15,450
2024
$86,174
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
113/197
2024
11/197
2024
Government debt
$4.88B
2025
$578B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
78.7%
2025
43.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,227
2025
$31,942
2025
Government debt per person rank
82/185
2025
23/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,553
2026
$46,674
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$1.1T
2017
Number of millionaires n/a
1,294,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
13
2026
Income share by richest 10%
24.2%
2019
21.4%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2019
3.6%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.5%
2025
45.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
-1.38%
2024-2025
3.26%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
0.25%
2020
n/a
Unemployment rate
5.36%
2024
3.9%
2025
Population
939479
18243998

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Fiji
Spending

Debt
Netherlands
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Fiji Netherlands
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 31.5% 78.7% 45.1% 43.3%
2024 30.8% 79.1% 44.4% 43.7%
2023 30.2% 82.9% 44% 45.8%
2022 33.9% 91.5% 43.3% 48.4%
2021 35.8% 86.7% 45.9% 50.5%
2020 32.7% 65.8% 47.8% 53.4%
2019 30.7% 49.5% 42.1% 47.7%
2018 32.5% 45.8% 42.4% 51.6%
2017 28.1% 43.4% 42.8% 56%
2016 32.1% 44.6% 43.9% 60.9%
2015 30.6% 44.3% 45.3% 63.8%
2014 30.2% 46.2% 46.7% 67.2%
2013 25.9% 47.4% 47.5% 67.2%
2012 26% 48.6% 47.6% 65.7%
2011 26.5% 51% 47.8% 61.2%
2010 25.5% 53.4% 48.9% 58.9%
2009 26.2% 51.5% 48.4% 56.3%
2008 22.8% 47.9% 44.3% 54.4%
2007 23.5% 46.4% 43.3% 42.7%
2006 25.4% 50.3% 44% 45%
2005 24% 45.3% 43.4% 49.6%
2004 24.7% 45.9% 44.7% 50.1%
2003 26.7% 46.4% 45.8% 49.8%
2002 28.1% 44.5% 44.8% 48.7%
2001 27% 41.9% 44.1% 49.4%
2000 24.2% 35.9% 43.2% 52.2%
1999 24.6% 34.7% 44.3% 58.6%
1998 27.7% 37.9% 44.6% 62.7%
1997 29.2% 54.4% 45.7% 65.7%
1996 27.2% 50.3% 47.3% 71.2%
1995 23.5% 49.1% 53.9% 73%
1994 24.9% 48.8% 49.4% 73.5%
1993 26.7% 45.9% 50.9% 76.7%
1992 27.1% 44.3% 50.2% 75.6%
1991 - - 49.6% 74.8%
1990 - - 48.8% 75%
1989 - - 54.5% 73.7%
1988 - - 56.4% 73.7%
1987 - - 58.5% 71.3%
1986 - - 57% 68.9%
1985 - - 57.3% 67.1%
1984 - - 58.1% 61.9%
1983 - - 59.1% 58.4%
1982 - - 59.1% 52.4%
1981 - - 56.8% 46.9%
1980 - - 55.2% 43.6%
1979 - - 53.7% 39.5%
1978 - - 52.3% 38.1%
1977 - - 50.6% 34.9%
1976 - - 50.8% 35.2%
1975 - - 50.8% 36.1%
1974 - - 46.4% 36.3%
1973 - - 44.6% 38.1%
1972 - - 44.9% 41.3%
1971 - - 44.6% 43.7%
1970 - - 43.2% 46.1%
1969 - - 42.1% 48.2%
1968 - - 25.4% 54.4%
1967 - - 24.1% 55%
1966 - - 24.4% 55.6%
1965 - - 23.4% 55.8%
1964 - - 22.3% 57.1%
1963 - - 21.9% 61.7%
1962 - - 22.1% 63.8%
1961 - - 22.2% 65.9%
1960 - - 20.4% 66.7%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

In 2025, Fiji's government spending was $1.95B, accounting for 31.5% of its GDP, while the Netherlands spent $602B, or 45.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 78.7% in Fiji and 43.3% in the Netherlands, ranking 45/185 and 121/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Fiji

Netherlands
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Fiji Netherlands
2025 -2.46% -1.84%
2024 -3.44% -0.94%
2023 -7.15% -0.37%
2022 -12.3% 0.002%
2021 -14.2% -2.26%
2020 -8.34% -3.72%
2019 -3.65% 1.91%
2018 -4.82% 1.49%
2017 -2.28% 1.35%
2016 -5.7% 0.23%
2015 -3.91% -1.84%
2014 -3.48% -2.17%
2013 -0.08% -2.87%
2012 -0.68% -3.83%
2011 -0.72% -4.42%
2010 -1.29% -5.3%
2009 -2.76% -5.06%
2008 1.56% -0.06%
2007 0.36% -0.16%
2006 -0.76% 0.04%
2005 -1.18% -0.51%
2004 -0.98% -1.82%
2003 -3.46% -3.19%
2002 -3.68% -2.23%
2001 -4.5% -0.47%
2000 -1.33% 1.14%
1999 1.17% 0.28%
1998 5.4% -1.34%
1997 -4.5% -1.6%
1996 -3.46% -1.91%
1995 0.78% -8.72%
1994 -0.2% -3.53%
1993 -1.9% -3.13%
1992 -2.25% -3.12%
1991 - -2.05%
1990 - -4.08%
1989 - -5%
1988 - -4.23%
1987 - -5.39%
1986 - -4.62%
1985 - -3.6%
1984 - -5.25%
1983 - -5.47%
1982 - -6.17%
1981 - -4.92%
1980 - -3.95%
1979 - -2.46%
1978 - -2.09%
1977 - -0.75%
1976 - -2.02%
1975 - -2.82%
1974 - -0.26%
1973 - 0.54%
1972 - -0.7%
1971 - -1.58%
1970 - -1.52%
1969 - -1.14%
1968 - -3.06%
1967 - -1.97%
1966 - -2.37%
1965 - -1.15%
1964 - -1.2%
1963 - -0.54%
1962 - -1.38%
1961 - -0.38%
1960 - 0.9%
1959 - -0.74%
1958 - -0.89%
1957 - 0.3%
1956 - -0.83%
1955 - -0.25%
1954 - 0.76%
1953 - -2.95%
1952 - 2.19%
1951 - 2.13%
1950 - 0.81%
1949 - 2.3%
1948 - -
1947 - -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -3.19%
1938 - -0.37%
1937 - 0.02%
1936 - -0.41%
1935 - -0.69%
1934 - -0.92%
1933 - -2.55%
1932 - -1.97%
1931 - -1.66%
1930 - -0.55%
1929 - -1.16%
1928 - -0.62%
1927 - -0.33%
1926 - -0.78%
1925 - -2.04%
1924 - -3.37%
1923 - -2.62%
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - -0.45%
1912 - -0.47%
1911 - -0.13%
1910 - -0.93%
1909 - -0.34%
1908 - -0.57%
1907 - 0.03%
1906 - 0.16%
1905 - 0.1%
1904 - -0.72%
1903 - 0.09%
1902 - -0.14%
1901 - 0.03%
1900 - 0.06%
1899 - -0.13%
1898 - -0.48%
1897 - -0.45%
1896 - 0.08%
1895 - -0.06%
1894 - 0.12%
1893 - -0.76%
1892 - -1.72%
1891 - -0.06%
1890 - -0.06%
1889 - 0.04%
1888 - -0.31%
1887 - -0.37%
1886 - -0.08%
1885 - -0.55%
1884 - 0%
1883 - -2.1%
1882 - -1.11%
1881 - -1.06%
1880 - 0.21%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

In 2025, Fiji's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $153M, equivalent to 2.46% of GDP. This compares to the Netherlands' deficit of $24.5B, or 1.84% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Fiji recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while the Netherlands ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Fiji posted an annual deficit equal to 2.83% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.76% of GDP for the Netherlands.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Fiji

Netherlands
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Fiji Netherlands
2025 -1.38% 3.26%
2024 3.89% 3.35%
2023 2.98% 3.84%
2022 6.08% 10%
2021 1.53% 2.68%
2020 -1.7% 1.27%
2019 1.79% 2.63%
2018 4.08% 1.7%
2017 3.35% 1.38%
2016 3.86% 0.32%
2015 1.37% 0.6%
2014 0.52% 0.98%
2013 2.91% 2.51%
2012 3.42% 2.46%
2011 7.28% 2.34%
2010 3.69% 1.28%
2009 3.13% 1.19%
2008 7.73% 2.49%
2007 4.8% 1.61%
2006 2.49% 1.1%
2005 2.37% 1.69%
2004 2.83% 1.26%
2003 4.17% 2.09%
2002 0.76% 3.29%
2001 4.27% 4.16%
2000 1.09% 2.36%
1999 1.97% 2.16%
1998 5.71% 1.96%
1997 3.37% 2.11%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Fiji has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.05%, compared with 2.35% in the Netherlands. In 2025, inflation was -1.38% in Fiji and 3.26% in the Netherlands.

Top exports between countries

Fiji
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $23.6M
Animal & marine products $1.23M
Miscellaneous $211K
Raw agricultural goods $52K
Wood & paper products $51K
Machinery & equipment $16K
Textiles & consumer goods $5K
Metals $1K
Netherlands
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $7.61M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $4.71M
Animal & marine products $614K
Chemicals & pharma $390K
Wood & paper products $198K
Metals $166K
Textiles & consumer goods $114K
Miscellaneous $97K
Raw agricultural goods $49K
Raw materials & minerals $25K

Balance of trade

Fiji Netherlands
Current account balance
-$464M
2024
$111B
2024
Current account balance ranking
104/190
2024
6/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-7.78%
2024
+9.14%
2024
Goods imports
$2.86B
2024
$606B
2024
Goods exports
$1.13B
2024
$693B
2024
Service imports
$996M
2024
$262B
2024
Service exports
$2.12B
2024
$308B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
64.6%
2024
69.5%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
54.4%
2024
80.7%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Fiji Netherlands
Economic freedom 59.5 78.5
Economic freedom ranking 103/197 11/197
Property rights 59.9 96
Government integrity 55.4 86.8
Judicial effectiveness 53.2 96.1
Tax burden 87.8 54
Government spending 70 42.2
Fiscal health 7.5 95.9
Business freedom 69.5 85
Labor freedom 66.9 59.3
Monetary freedom 72.4 77
Trade freedom 66.6 79.4
Investment freedom 55 90
Financial freedom 50 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Fiji
Netherlands
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Fiji Netherlands
2026 59.5 78.5
2025 59.1 78.2
2024 58 77.3
2023 58 78
2022 56.4 79.5
2021 62.2 76.8
2020 63.4 77
2019 62.2 76.8
2018 62 76.2
2017 63.4 75.8
2016 58.8 74.6
2015 59 73.7
2014 58.7 74.2
2013 57.2 73.5
2012 57.3 73.3
2011 60.4 74.7
2010 60.3 75
2009 61 77
2008 61.8 77.4
2007 60.8 75.5
2006 58.4 75.4
2005 58.2 72.9
2004 58 74.5
2003 54.7 74.6
2002 53.9 75.1
2001 53.7 73
2000 57.8 70.4
1999 58.4 70.2
1998 58.2 69.2
1997 58 70.4
1996 57.4 69.7
1995 54.7 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Fiji is 59.5, ranking 103/197, compared to 78.5 for the Netherlands, ranking 11/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Fiji Netherlands
Services, % of GDP
57%
2025
70.4%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
13.9%
2025
17.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
14%
2025
1.68%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$5.81B
2025
$1.24T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$15,360
2025
$85,480
2025
Total reserves including gold
$1.66B
2025
$118B
2025
Total reserves ranking
130/177
2025
27/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$178M
2024
$11.1B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$204M
2024
-$17.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$25.6M
2024
-$5.93B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.36%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
31%
2020
14.5%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
20.9%
2024
19.8%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/netherlands | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.