Fertility & birth rates in Thailand and Vietnam

Fertility rate in Thailand vs Vietnam chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Thailand was 1.21 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.91 in Vietnam in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Thailand vs Vietnam population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Thailand	Vietnam
1960	6.33	6.27
1961	6.32	5.48
1962	6.33	6.26
1963	6.34	6.39
1964	6.31	6.29
1965	6.26	6.16
1966	6.18	5.97
1967	6.08	5.88
1968	5.93	6.03
1969	5.7	6.01
1970	5.45	6.02
1971	5.25	6.07
1972	5.08	6.1
1973	4.85	6.11
1974	4.6	5.78
1975	4.36	5.62
1976	4.12	5.46
1977	3.87	5.29
1978	3.62	5.1
1979	3.45	4.94
1980	3.29	4.8
1981	3.13	4.67
1982	2.94	4.59
1983	2.76	4.52
1984	2.58	4.41
1985	2.45	4.21
1986	2.36	3.96
1987	2.26	3.72
1988	2.17	3.62
1989	2.14	3.64
1990	2.07	3.6
1991	2.04	3.52
1992	2.01	3.35
1993	1.97	3.17
1994	1.93	2.94
1995	1.89	2.7
1996	1.87	2.47
1997	1.85	2.27
1998	1.82	2.1
1999	1.77	2
2000	1.73	2.03
2001	1.71	2.02
2002	1.69	2.01
2003	1.67	2
2004	1.67	1.97
2005	1.64	1.89
2006	1.63	1.87
2007	1.62	1.91
2008	1.59	1.93
2009	1.57	1.92
2010	1.56	1.91
2011	1.57	1.93
2012	1.56	1.97
2013	1.53	1.98
2014	1.48	2.09
2015	1.45	2.1
2016	1.4	2
2017	1.36	1.99
2018	1.32	1.88
2019	1.29	1.94
2020	1.26	1.96
2021	1.23	1.94
2022	1.22	1.93
2023	1.21	1.91
2024	1.2	1.9
2025	1.19	1.88
2026	1.19	1.86
2027	1.19	1.85
2028	1.19	1.84
2029	1.19	1.83
2030	1.2	1.82
2031	1.2	1.81
2032	1.21	1.8
2033	1.21	1.79
2034	1.22	1.79
2035	1.22	1.78
2036	1.23	1.78
2037	1.23	1.78
2038	1.24	1.77
2039	1.24	1.77
2040	1.25	1.77
2041	1.25	1.77
2042	1.26	1.77
2043	1.26	1.76
2044	1.26	1.76
2045	1.27	1.76
2046	1.27	1.76
2047	1.28	1.75
2048	1.28	1.75
2049	1.28	1.75
2050	1.29	1.75

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Thailand	Vietnam
1960	44.3%	41.1%
1961	44.6%	41.8%
1962	44.8%	42.4%
1963	45.1%	43.1%
1964	45.3%	43.4%
1965	45.4%	43.5%
1966	45.4%	43.6%
1967	45.3%	43.5%
1968	45.2%	43.4%
1969	45%	43.2%
1970	44.8%	42.9%
1971	44.4%	42.7%
1972	44%	42.4%
1973	43.5%	42.1%
1974	43%	41.8%
1975	42.4%	41.4%
1976	41.8%	41.2%
1977	41.1%	41%
1978	40.3%	40.6%
1979	39.5%	40.4%
1980	38.7%	40.3%
1981	37.8%	40.2%
1982	37%	40.2%
1983	36%	40.2%
1984	35.1%	40.1%
1985	34.1%	40.1%
1986	33.2%	39.9%
1987	32.4%	39.6%
1988	31.5%	39.2%
1989	30.7%	38.8%
1990	30%	38.5%
1991	29.2%	38.1%
1992	28.5%	37.7%
1993	28%	37.2%
1994	27.4%	36.7%
1995	26.9%	36.1%
1996	26.4%	35.4%
1997	25.9%	34.5%
1998	25.4%	33.5%
1999	24.9%	32.5%
2000	24.4%	31.5%
2001	23.9%	30.6%
2002	23.4%	29.9%
2003	23%	29.2%
2004	22.6%	28.5%
2005	22.2%	27.7%
2006	21.7%	26.9%
2007	21.3%	26.2%
2008	20.9%	25.6%
2009	20.6%	25.1%
2010	20.1%	24.6%
2011	19.7%	24.2%
2012	19.2%	24%
2013	18.8%	23.9%
2014	18.5%	24%
2015	18.1%	24%
2016	17.7%	24.1%
2017	17.3%	24.4%
2018	16.9%	24.6%
2019	16.6%	24.5%
2020	16.2%	24.4%
2021	15.8%	24.2%
2022	15.4%	23.9%
2023	15.1%	23.6%
2024	14.7%	23.2%
2025	14.4%	22.9%
2026	14.1%	22.4%
2027	13.7%	21.8%
2028	13.4%	21.1%
2029	13.1%	20.5%
2030	12.9%	19.9%
2031	12.7%	19.5%
2032	12.5%	19.1%
2033	12.3%	18.8%
2034	12.2%	18.5%
2035	12.1%	18.3%
2036	12%	18.1%
2037	11.9%	17.9%
2038	11.9%	17.8%
2039	11.8%	17.7%
2040	11.8%	17.6%
2041	11.8%	17.5%
2042	11.8%	17.5%
2043	11.7%	17.5%
2044	11.7%	17.4%
2045	11.7%	17.4%
2046	11.7%	17.3%
2047	11.6%	17.3%
2048	11.6%	17.2%
2049	11.6%	17.1%
2050	11.5%	17%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.7% of the population in Thailand and 23.2% in Vietnam in 2024, compared to 30% and 38.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Thailand and Vietnam compared.

Natural population change in Thailand vs Vietnam by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.18% in Thailand and +0.97% in Vietnam. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Thailand	Vietnam
1960	774,190	955,268
1961	801,140	798,978
1962	828,741	960,046
1963	860,728	961,067
1964	885,137	950,219
1965	909,000	913,761
1966	929,469	876,283
1967	944,980	862,071
1968	953,806	815,116
1969	948,314	878,359
1970	937,116	905,902
1971	936,215	963,259
1972	940,420	921,524
1973	933,540	1,061,707
1974	923,151	1,000,505
1975	911,980	1,175,181
1976	894,072	1,232,608
1977	871,232	1,259,315
1978	847,799	1,286,991
1979	843,434	1,314,563
1980	845,575	1,321,595
1981	839,297	1,358,500
1982	817,951	1,407,959
1983	794,239	1,453,913
1984	779,856	1,477,448
1985	776,935	1,453,954
1986	783,430	1,407,957
1987	774,498	1,359,481
1988	765,252	1,370,108
1989	774,563	1,423,622
1990	760,808	1,449,157
1991	760,508	1,459,311
1992	754,999	1,419,952
1993	737,696	1,370,365
1994	712,589	1,291,534
1995	682,703	1,203,666
1996	661,397	1,108,686
1997	644,834	1,028,116
1998	617,318	959,016
1999	578,073	925,519
2000	543,884	966,894
2001	524,230	985,610
2002	504,299	991,427
2003	488,003	1,001,470
2004	466,542	985,438
2005	456,378	942,084
2006	441,211	943,041
2007	425,362	981,689
2008	401,730	1,008,141
2009	382,636	1,007,778
2010	370,466	1,005,559
2011	365,670	1,029,859
2012	351,485	1,063,741
2013	325,059	1,071,570
2014	294,628	1,151,221
2015	266,362	1,145,903
2016	226,255	1,045,094
2017	194,695	1,001,833
2018	159,383	882,977
2019	116,867	895,262
2020	84,107	924,004
2021	57,382	799,593
2022	-61,046	775,914
2023	-46,105	727,955

Maternal mortality chart: Thailand vs Vietnam

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 34 deaths per 100,000 live births in Thailand, compared to 48 deaths in Vietnam.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Thailand	Vietnam
1985	88	186
1986	78	174
1987	72	163
1988	67	155
1989	64	152
1990	60	147
1991	59	142
1992	58	139
1993	57	135
1994	54	130
1995	52	119
1996	49	111
1997	48	104
1998	47	93
1999	48	86
2000	49	83
2001	47	78
2002	44	74
2003	42	71
2004	44	72
2005	40	69
2006	38	67
2007	38	66
2008	37	65
2009	37	64
2010	37	62
2011	37	61
2012	36	60
2013	35	60
2014	34	59
2015	34	58
2016	34	56
2017	34	55
2018	34	53
2019	34	52
2020	36	51
2021	38	52
2022	112	49
2023	34	48

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.92% in Thailand and 2% in Vietnam. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Thailand	Vietnam
1960	14.7%	-
1961	14.2%	-
1962	13.7%	-
1963	13.2%	-
1964	12.8%	8.73%
1965	12.3%	9.93%
1966	11.8%	9.97%
1967	11.4%	10%
1968	10.9%	11.6%
1969	10.4%	10.8%
1970	9.95%	10.7%
1971	9.47%	10.5%
1972	9.01%	11.9%
1973	8.56%	10.4%
1974	8.14%	10.7%
1975	7.73%	7.75%
1976	7.35%	7.6%
1977	7%	7.44%
1978	6.67%	7.27%
1979	6.36%	7.1%
1980	6.07%	6.94%
1981	5.79%	6.79%
1982	5.53%	6.64%
1983	5.28%	6.5%
1984	5.03%	6.36%
1985	4.8%	6.21%
1986	4.57%	6.04%
1987	4.34%	5.85%
1988	4.12%	5.64%
1989	3.91%	5.4%
1990	3.69%	5.15%
1991	3.49%	4.9%
1992	3.3%	4.64%
1993	3.12%	4.39%
1994	2.96%	4.14%
1995	2.81%	3.9%
1996	2.67%	3.68%
1997	2.53%	3.48%
1998	2.41%	3.29%
1999	2.29%	3.13%
2000	2.18%	2.98%
2001	2.08%	2.86%
2002	1.98%	2.74%
2003	1.89%	2.65%
2004	1.81%	2.57%
2005	1.73%	2.5%
2006	1.66%	2.45%
2007	1.59%	2.4%
2008	1.53%	2.36%
2009	1.47%	2.33%
2010	1.42%	2.31%
2011	1.37%	2.28%
2012	1.32%	2.26%
2013	1.27%	2.24%
2014	1.23%	2.22%
2015	1.19%	2.2%
2016	1.15%	2.18%
2017	1.11%	2.15%
2018	1.08%	2.14%
2019	1.04%	2.12%
2020	1.01%	2.1%
2021	0.98%	2.07%
2022	0.95%	2.04%
2023	0.92%	2%