Fertility & birth rates in Ethiopia and Vietnam

Fertility rate in Ethiopia vs Vietnam chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ethiopia was 3.99 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.91 in Vietnam in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ethiopia vs Vietnam population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ethiopia	Vietnam
1960	6.51	6.27
1961	6.53	5.48
1962	6.56	6.26
1963	6.59	6.39
1964	6.61	6.29
1965	6.63	6.16
1966	6.66	5.97
1967	6.68	5.88
1968	6.7	6.03
1969	6.72	6.01
1970	6.78	6.02
1971	6.84	6.07
1972	6.9	6.1
1973	6.96	6.11
1974	7.02	5.78
1975	7.08	5.62
1976	7.13	5.46
1977	7.19	5.29
1978	7.23	5.1
1979	7.25	4.94
1980	7.29	4.8
1981	7.31	4.67
1982	7.34	4.59
1983	7.35	4.52
1984	7.36	4.41
1985	7.34	4.21
1986	7.32	3.96
1987	7.29	3.72
1988	7.26	3.62
1989	7.23	3.64
1990	7.2	3.6
1991	7.16	3.52
1992	7.13	3.35
1993	7.09	3.17
1994	7.05	2.94
1995	7	2.7
1996	6.93	2.47
1997	6.87	2.27
1998	6.79	2.1
1999	6.72	2
2000	6.65	2.03
2001	6.58	2.02
2002	6.5	2.01
2003	6.4	2
2004	6.3	1.97
2005	6.19	1.89
2006	6.05	1.87
2007	5.89	1.91
2008	5.7	1.93
2009	5.49	1.92
2010	5.28	1.91
2011	5.08	1.93
2012	4.89	1.97
2013	4.71	1.98
2014	4.61	2.09
2015	4.53	2.1
2016	4.47	2
2017	4.4	1.99
2018	4.37	1.88
2019	4.35	1.94
2020	4.27	1.96
2021	4.18	1.94
2022	4.08	1.93
2023	3.99	1.91
2024	3.91	1.9
2025	3.81	1.88
2026	3.72	1.86
2027	3.64	1.85
2028	3.57	1.84
2029	3.5	1.83
2030	3.43	1.82
2031	3.36	1.81
2032	3.3	1.8
2033	3.24	1.79
2034	3.19	1.79
2035	3.14	1.78
2036	3.08	1.78
2037	3.03	1.78
2038	2.99	1.77
2039	2.94	1.77
2040	2.9	1.77
2041	2.86	1.77
2042	2.83	1.77
2043	2.79	1.76
2044	2.75	1.76
2045	2.72	1.76
2046	2.68	1.76
2047	2.65	1.75
2048	2.62	1.75
2049	2.59	1.75
2050	2.55	1.75

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ethiopia	Vietnam
1960	42.2%	41.1%
1961	42.2%	41.8%
1962	42.1%	42.4%
1963	42.2%	43.1%
1964	42.3%	43.4%
1965	42.5%	43.5%
1966	42.9%	43.6%
1967	43.2%	43.5%
1968	43.5%	43.4%
1969	43.8%	43.2%
1970	44.2%	42.9%
1971	44.5%	42.7%
1972	44.9%	42.4%
1973	45.2%	42.1%
1974	45.4%	41.8%
1975	45.6%	41.4%
1976	45.7%	41.2%
1977	45.9%	41%
1978	46.1%	40.6%
1979	46.2%	40.4%
1980	46.3%	40.3%
1981	46.4%	40.2%
1982	46.5%	40.2%
1983	46.4%	40.2%
1984	46.2%	40.1%
1985	46.1%	40.1%
1986	46%	39.9%
1987	46%	39.6%
1988	46%	39.2%
1989	46.1%	38.8%
1990	46.2%	38.5%
1991	46.2%	38.1%
1992	46.2%	37.7%
1993	46.4%	37.2%
1994	46.5%	36.7%
1995	46.7%	36.1%
1996	46.9%	35.4%
1997	47.1%	34.5%
1998	47.4%	33.5%
1999	47.6%	32.5%
2000	47.7%	31.5%
2001	47.8%	30.6%
2002	47.8%	29.9%
2003	47.7%	29.2%
2004	47.6%	28.5%
2005	47.4%	27.7%
2006	47.2%	26.9%
2007	46.9%	26.2%
2008	46.6%	25.6%
2009	46.2%	25.1%
2010	45.7%	24.6%
2011	45.2%	24.2%
2012	44.6%	24%
2013	44%	23.9%
2014	43.4%	24%
2015	42.9%	24%
2016	42.3%	24.1%
2017	41.8%	24.4%
2018	41.3%	24.6%
2019	40.9%	24.5%
2020	40.5%	24.4%
2021	40.1%	24.2%
2022	39.7%	23.9%
2023	39.4%	23.6%
2024	39.1%	23.2%
2025	38.8%	22.9%
2026	38.5%	22.4%
2027	38.3%	21.8%
2028	38.1%	21.1%
2029	37.8%	20.5%
2030	37.6%	19.9%
2031	37.3%	19.5%
2032	37%	19.1%
2033	36.6%	18.8%
2034	36.2%	18.5%
2035	35.8%	18.3%
2036	35.4%	18.1%
2037	34.9%	17.9%
2038	34.5%	17.8%
2039	34%	17.7%
2040	33.6%	17.6%
2041	33.2%	17.5%
2042	32.8%	17.5%
2043	32.4%	17.5%
2044	32%	17.4%
2045	31.7%	17.4%
2046	31.3%	17.3%
2047	31%	17.3%
2048	30.7%	17.2%
2049	30.3%	17.1%
2050	30%	17%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.1% of the population in Ethiopia and 23.2% in Vietnam in 2024, compared to 46.2% and 38.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ethiopia and Vietnam compared.

Natural population change in Ethiopia vs Vietnam by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.64% in Ethiopia and +0.97% in Vietnam. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ethiopia	Vietnam
1960	511,694	955,268
1961	538,518	798,978
1962	563,650	960,046
1963	590,998	961,067
1964	618,667	950,219
1965	642,359	913,761
1966	616,281	876,283
1967	695,283	862,071
1968	715,602	815,116
1969	736,428	878,359
1970	760,821	905,902
1971	787,047	963,259
1972	779,808	921,524
1973	807,535	1,061,707
1974	777,306	1,000,505
1975	801,425	1,175,181
1976	899,577	1,232,608
1977	929,381	1,259,315
1978	943,388	1,286,991
1979	987,203	1,314,563
1980	1,007,516	1,321,595
1981	1,018,838	1,358,500
1982	1,080,853	1,407,959
1983	863,472	1,453,913
1984	920,670	1,477,448
1985	997,050	1,453,954
1986	1,050,277	1,407,957
1987	1,356,853	1,359,481
1988	1,393,356	1,370,108
1989	1,441,769	1,423,622
1990	1,479,663	1,449,157
1991	1,579,416	1,459,311
1992	1,673,839	1,419,952
1993	1,734,851	1,370,365
1994	1,788,133	1,291,534
1995	1,831,068	1,203,666
1996	1,896,364	1,108,686
1997	1,945,112	1,028,116
1998	1,984,989	959,016
1999	2,010,987	925,519
2000	2,083,622	966,894
2001	2,137,791	985,610
2002	2,189,683	991,427
2003	2,231,223	1,001,470
2004	2,296,999	985,438
2005	2,353,375	942,084
2006	2,393,585	943,041
2007	2,436,753	981,689
2008	2,465,283	1,008,141
2009	2,467,118	1,007,778
2010	2,498,048	1,005,559
2011	2,527,811	1,029,859
2012	2,533,398	1,063,741
2013	2,546,020	1,071,570
2014	2,623,647	1,151,221
2015	2,713,529	1,145,903
2016	2,809,889	1,045,094
2017	2,899,143	1,001,833
2018	3,015,231	882,977
2019	3,132,780	895,262
2020	3,199,718	924,004
2021	3,204,673	799,593
2022	3,300,114	775,914
2023	3,338,649	727,955

Maternal mortality chart: Ethiopia vs Vietnam

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 195 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ethiopia, compared to 48 deaths in Vietnam.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ethiopia	Vietnam
1985	1,329	186
1986	1,317	174
1987	1,289	163
1988	1,306	155
1989	1,296	152
1990	1,320	147
1991	1,239	142
1992	1,218	139
1993	1,168	135
1994	1,113	130
1995	1,060	119
1996	1,008	111
1997	957	104
1998	911	93
1999	901	86
2000	870	83
2001	856	78
2002	826	74
2003	797	71
2004	764	72
2005	754	69
2006	729	67
2007	704	66
2008	678	65
2009	649	64
2010	619	62
2011	588	61
2012	545	60
2013	494	60
2014	444	59
2015	401	58
2016	364	56
2017	327	55
2018	297	53
2019	269	52
2020	244	51
2021	250	52
2022	207	49
2023	195	48

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.65% in Ethiopia and 2% in Vietnam. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ethiopia	Vietnam
1964	-	8.73%
1965	-	9.93%
1966	27.8%	9.97%
1967	24.9%	10%
1968	24.8%	11.6%
1969	24.8%	10.8%
1970	24.7%	10.7%
1971	24.7%	10.5%
1972	24.7%	11.9%
1973	24.6%	10.4%
1974	28.3%	10.7%
1975	28.2%	7.75%
1976	24.5%	7.6%
1977	24.5%	7.44%
1978	24.4%	7.27%
1979	24.2%	7.1%
1980	24%	6.94%
1981	23.8%	6.79%
1982	23.5%	6.64%
1983	32%	6.5%
1984	31.4%	6.36%
1985	30.3%	6.21%
1986	29.7%	6.04%
1987	21.5%	5.85%
1988	21%	5.64%
1989	20.6%	5.4%
1990	20.2%	5.15%
1991	19.7%	4.9%
1992	19.1%	4.64%
1993	18.5%	4.39%
1994	17.9%	4.14%
1995	17.2%	3.9%
1996	16.6%	3.68%
1997	15.9%	3.48%
1998	15.3%	3.29%
1999	14.7%	3.13%
2000	14%	2.98%
2001	13.4%	2.86%
2002	12.8%	2.74%
2003	12.1%	2.65%
2004	11.5%	2.57%
2005	10.9%	2.5%
2006	10.3%	2.45%
2007	9.74%	2.4%
2008	9.23%	2.36%
2009	8.76%	2.33%
2010	8.32%	2.31%
2011	7.91%	2.28%
2012	7.53%	2.26%
2013	7.16%	2.24%
2014	6.82%	2.22%
2015	6.49%	2.2%
2016	6.17%	2.18%
2017	5.89%	2.15%
2018	5.64%	2.14%
2019	5.41%	2.12%
2020	5.2%	2.1%
2021	5%	2.07%
2022	4.82%	2.04%
2023	4.65%	2%