Fertility & birth rates in Nicaragua and Peru

Fertility rate in Nicaragua vs Peru by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Peru

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Nicaragua	Peru
2023	2.22	1.98
2022	2.24	2
2021	2.27	2.03
2020	2.3	2.06
2019	2.32	2.09
2018	2.35	2.12
2017	2.38	2.15
2016	2.41	2.19
2015	2.43	2.23
2014	2.46	2.27
2013	2.49	2.32
2012	2.53	2.36
2011	2.56	2.41
2010	2.6	2.42
2009	2.63	2.48
2008	2.66	2.53
2007	2.7	2.58
2006	2.73	2.62
2005	2.77	2.64
2004	2.78	2.67
2003	2.83	2.66
2002	2.89	2.69
2001	3	2.74
2000	3.12	2.85
1999	3.22	2.92
1998	3.34	3
1997	3.47	3.1
1996	3.62	3.2
1995	3.78	3.32
1994	3.94	3.43
1993	4.1	3.55
1992	4.27	3.67
1991	4.43	3.79
1990	4.6	3.91
1989	4.76	4.03
1988	4.93	4.14
1987	5.07	4.25
1986	5.22	4.35
1985	5.36	4.46
1984	5.49	4.57
1983	5.61	4.68
1982	5.74	4.8
1981	5.84	4.92
1980	5.96	5.04
1979	6.07	5.17
1978	6.16	5.31
1977	6.28	5.44
1976	6.37	5.58
1975	6.45	5.71
1974	6.52	5.84
1973	6.59	5.97
1972	6.65	6.09
1971	6.71	6.21
1970	6.77	6.32
1969	6.83	6.42
1968	6.89	6.51
1967	6.94	6.6
1966	6.99	6.68
1965	7.03	6.75
1964	7.06	6.81
1963	7.08	6.86
1962	7.1	6.9
1961	7.11	6.92
1960	7.16	6.94

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Nicaragua was 2.22 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Peru in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Nicaragua vs Peru population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Peru

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Nicaragua	Peru
2023	100,921	353,788
2022	100,987	327,859
2021	89,213	235,440
2020	90,515	301,950
2019	102,817	346,981
2018	104,814	343,123
2017	105,468	349,333
2016	106,585	355,859
2015	107,344	362,781
2014	108,420	368,708
2013	109,032	372,694
2012	110,065	376,501
2011	110,026	383,268
2010	110,475	382,510
2009	110,213	396,522
2008	110,395	413,640
2007	110,341	435,122
2006	110,073	445,884
2005	108,984	454,199
2004	106,904	459,617
2003	106,142	459,243
2002	105,805	463,709
2001	107,109	470,154
2000	109,192	484,222
1999	110,217	487,095
1998	108,862	489,436
1997	114,415	495,348
1996	116,849	501,855
1995	118,325	507,894
1994	119,565	512,735
1993	120,469	513,769
1992	121,204	514,618
1991	121,787	513,867
1990	120,677	515,233
1989	120,128	512,152
1988	117,299	508,429
1987	112,885	502,229
1986	113,054	496,712
1985	110,949	488,887
1984	110,133	477,968
1983	110,618	469,781
1982	112,468	461,107
1981	110,421	453,158
1980	108,604	445,100
1979	96,429	439,110
1978	98,419	432,127
1977	100,498	425,428
1976	98,100	420,284
1975	95,230	414,400
1974	92,505	408,299
1973	89,662	400,752
1972	76,906	396,960
1971	84,139	391,506
1970	81,127	318,022
1969	78,237	379,347
1968	75,458	372,379
1967	72,722	365,224
1966	69,883	356,819
1965	67,056	349,245
1964	64,227	341,570
1963	61,738	332,352
1962	59,547	321,716
1961	57,499	313,385
1960	55,664	302,924

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.48% in Nicaragua and +1.05% in Peru.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.58% in Nicaragua and +1.05% in Peru.

Birth rate in Nicaragua vs Peru by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Peru

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Nicaragua	Peru
2023	19.4	15.9
2022	19.7	16.2
2021	20	16.4
2020	20.5	16.6
2019	20.8	16.9
2018	21.2	16.9
2017	21.6	17.3
2016	22.1	17.6
2015	22.4	17.9
2014	22.8	18.4
2013	23.2	18.8
2012	23.6	19.2
2011	24	19.8
2010	24.3	19.9
2009	24.6	20.4
2008	24.9	20.9
2007	25.2	21.4
2006	25.4	21.8
2005	25.6	22.1
2004	25.7	22.4
2003	25.9	22.3
2002	26.3	22.6
2001	27	23
2000	27.9	23.8
1999	28.5	24.3
1998	29.2	24.9
1997	30	25.6
1996	31	26.4
1995	31.9	27.2
1994	32.9	28
1993	33.9	28.8
1992	34.9	29.6
1991	35.8	30.4
1990	36.6	31.1
1989	37.5	31.8
1988	38.4	32.4
1987	39.1	33
1986	39.8	33.5
1985	40.6	34
1984	41.3	34.5
1983	42.1	35
1982	42.8	35.4
1981	43.4	35.9
1980	44.1	36.5
1979	44.6	37.1
1978	44.9	37.7
1977	45.3	38.3
1976	45.6	38.9
1975	45.9	39.5
1974	46.2	40.1
1973	46.4	40.7
1972	46.7	41.2
1971	46.8	41.8
1970	46.8	42.4
1969	47	42.9
1968	47.2	43.4
1967	47.4	44
1966	47.6	44.4
1965	47.9	44.9
1964	48.2	45.4
1963	48.5	45.8
1962	48.9	46.2
1961	49.3	46.6
1960	50	46.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 19.4 in Nicaragua and 15.9 in Peru, compared with 50 and 46.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Factual

UN forecast

Peru

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Nicaragua	Peru
2100	14.2%	13.5%
2099	14.3%	13.5%
2098	14.3%	13.6%
2097	14.4%	13.6%
2096	14.4%	13.6%
2095	14.5%	13.7%
2094	14.5%	13.7%
2093	14.6%	13.7%
2092	14.7%	13.8%
2091	14.7%	13.8%
2090	14.8%	13.8%
2089	14.9%	13.9%
2088	14.9%	13.9%
2087	15%	14%
2086	15.1%	14%
2085	15.2%	14.1%
2084	15.2%	14.1%
2083	15.3%	14.2%
2082	15.4%	14.2%
2081	15.5%	14.3%
2080	15.6%	14.3%
2079	15.7%	14.4%
2078	15.8%	14.5%
2077	15.9%	14.5%
2076	16%	14.6%
2075	16.1%	14.7%
2074	16.2%	14.8%
2073	16.3%	14.8%
2072	16.4%	14.9%
2071	16.5%	15%
2070	16.7%	15.1%
2069	16.8%	15.2%
2068	16.9%	15.3%
2067	17.1%	15.4%
2066	17.2%	15.5%
2065	17.4%	15.6%
2064	17.6%	15.7%
2063	17.7%	15.8%
2062	17.9%	15.9%
2061	18.1%	16%
2060	18.2%	16.1%
2059	18.4%	16.3%
2058	18.6%	16.4%
2057	18.8%	16.5%
2056	19%	16.7%
2055	19.2%	16.8%
2054	19.4%	17%
2053	19.7%	17.2%
2052	19.9%	17.3%
2051	20.1%	17.5%
2050	20.3%	17.7%
2049	20.6%	17.8%
2048	20.8%	18%
2047	21.1%	18.2%
2046	21.3%	18.4%
2045	21.6%	18.6%
2044	21.8%	18.8%
2043	22.1%	19%
2042	22.4%	19.3%
2041	22.7%	19.5%
2040	23%	19.7%
2039	23.3%	19.9%
2038	23.6%	20.2%
2037	23.9%	20.4%
2036	24.2%	20.7%
2035	24.5%	20.9%
2034	24.9%	21.2%
2033	25.2%	21.4%
2032	25.6%	21.7%
2031	26%	21.9%
2030	26.4%	22.2%
2029	26.8%	22.5%
2028	27.2%	22.8%
2027	27.7%	23.1%
2026	28.1%	23.4%
2025	28.5%	23.8%
2024	28.8%	24%
2023	29.2%	24.4%
2022	29.6%	24.8%
2021	30.1%	25.1%
2020	30.4%	25.5%
2019	30.8%	25.9%
2018	31.1%	26.4%
2017	31.5%	26.8%
2016	31.8%	27.2%
2015	32.2%	27.5%
2014	32.6%	27.8%
2013	32.9%	28.2%
2012	33.3%	28.5%
2011	33.8%	28.9%
2010	34.2%	29.3%
2009	34.7%	29.7%
2008	35.2%	30.2%
2007	35.7%	30.7%
2006	36.2%	31.2%
2005	36.8%	31.7%
2004	37.5%	32.3%
2003	38.2%	32.9%
2002	38.9%	33.5%
2001	39.6%	34.1%
2000	40.3%	34.7%
1999	41%	35.3%
1998	41.7%	35.8%
1997	42.4%	36.4%
1996	43.1%	36.9%
1995	43.7%	37.4%
1994	44.3%	37.9%
1993	44.8%	38.3%
1992	45.2%	38.7%
1991	45.7%	39.1%
1990	46.1%	39.4%
1989	46.4%	39.8%
1988	46.7%	40.2%
1987	46.9%	40.5%
1986	47%	40.8%
1985	47.1%	41.2%
1984	47.2%	41.5%
1983	47.2%	41.8%
1982	47.3%	42.1%
1981	47.3%	42.4%
1980	47.3%	42.6%
1979	47.3%	42.8%
1978	47.3%	43%
1977	47.2%	43.2%
1976	47.3%	43.4%
1975	47.3%	43.5%
1974	47.3%	43.6%
1973	47.4%	43.7%
1972	47.4%	43.8%
1971	47.5%	43.9%
1970	47.5%	44%
1969	47.6%	44.1%
1968	47.7%	44.2%
1967	47.8%	44.2%
1966	47.9%	44.2%
1965	48.1%	44.3%
1964	48.2%	44.3%
1963	48.2%	44.3%
1962	48%	44.3%
1961	47.8%	44.2%
1960	47.6%	44%

Children aged 0-14 make up 28.8% of the population in Nicaragua and 24% in Peru in 2024, compared to 46.1% and 39.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Nicaragua and Peru compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Nicaragua vs Peru

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Peru

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Nicaragua	Peru
2023	60	51
2022	61	81
2021	124	141
2020	87	75
2019	69	60
2018	67	66
2017	72	67
2016	77	69
2015	81	71
2014	83	73
2013	86	75
2012	88	79
2011	93	83
2010	96	86
2009	99	89
2008	101	91
2007	106	94
2006	113	99
2005	124	103
2004	140	107
2003	154	104
2002	170	106
2001	194	109
2000	213	115
1999	228	124
1998	239	139
1997	236	152
1996	244	166
1995	251	179
1994	256	188
1993	265	192
1992	272	195
1991	273	201
1990	281	191
1989	286	190
1988	301	190
1987	316	192
1986	313	193
1985	319	198

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 60 deaths per 100,000 live births in Nicaragua, compared to 51 deaths in Peru.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Peru

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Nicaragua	Peru
2023	1.34%	1.58%
2022	1.39%	1.61%
2021	1.45%	1.64%
2020	1.51%	1.66%
2019	1.57%	1.68%
2018	1.64%	1.69%
2017	1.71%	1.71%
2016	1.78%	1.73%
2015	1.86%	1.76%
2014	1.94%	1.79%
2013	2.03%	1.84%
2012	2.13%	1.89%
2011	2.22%	1.96%
2010	2.33%	2.04%
2009	2.44%	2.14%
2008	2.55%	2.25%
2007	2.68%	2.37%
2006	2.81%	2.5%
2005	2.95%	2.65%
2004	3.1%	2.82%
2003	3.26%	3.01%
2002	3.43%	3.24%
2001	3.62%	3.49%
2000	3.82%	3.79%
1999	4.04%	4.13%
1998	5.01%	4.51%
1997	4.54%	4.92%
1996	4.81%	5.36%
1995	5.09%	5.82%
1994	5.39%	6.29%
1993	5.69%	6.75%
1992	6%	7.2%
1991	6.31%	7.63%
1990	6.62%	8.04%
1989	6.92%	8.46%
1988	7.22%	8.92%
1987	7.53%	9.43%
1986	7.85%	9.97%
1985	8.21%	10.5%
1984	8.62%	11.1%
1983	9.07%	11.6%
1982	9.58%	12%
1981	10.2%	12.4%
1980	10.8%	12.7%
1979	11.5%	12.9%
1978	12.2%	13.2%
1977	12.9%	13.5%
1976	13.7%	13.8%
1975	14.4%	14.2%
1974	15%	14.7%
1973	15.6%	15.1%
1972	18.7%	15.6%
1971	16.6%	16.1%
1970	17.1%	19.7%
1969	17.4%	17%
1968	17.8%	17.5%
1967	18.1%	18.1%
1966	18.4%	18.7%
1965	18.7%	19.4%
1964	19%	20.2%
1963	19.2%	20.9%
1962	19.4%	21.6%
1961	19.6%	22.2%
1960	19.8%	22.9%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.34% in Nicaragua and 1.58% in Peru. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.