Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Nicaragua

Fertility rate in Australia vs Nicaragua chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.22 in Nicaragua in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs Nicaragua population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Nicaragua
1960	3.45	7.16
1961	3.54	7.11
1962	3.44	7.1
1963	3.33	7.08
1964	3.15	7.06
1965	2.98	7.03
1966	2.88	6.99
1967	2.85	6.94
1968	2.89	6.89
1969	2.89	6.83
1970	2.86	6.77
1971	2.96	6.71
1972	2.74	6.65
1973	2.49	6.59
1974	2.4	6.52
1975	2.15	6.45
1976	2.06	6.37
1977	2.01	6.28
1978	1.95	6.16
1979	1.91	6.07
1980	1.89	5.96
1981	1.94	5.84
1982	1.93	5.74
1983	1.92	5.61
1984	1.84	5.49
1985	1.92	5.36
1986	1.87	5.22
1987	1.85	5.07
1988	1.83	4.93
1989	1.84	4.76
1990	1.9	4.6
1991	1.85	4.43
1992	1.89	4.27
1993	1.86	4.1
1994	1.84	3.94
1995	1.82	3.78
1996	1.8	3.62
1997	1.78	3.47
1998	1.76	3.34
1999	1.76	3.22
2000	1.76	3.12
2001	1.74	3
2002	1.76	2.89
2003	1.75	2.83
2004	1.77	2.78
2005	1.81	2.77
2006	1.91	2.73
2007	1.96	2.7
2008	1.98	2.66
2009	1.97	2.63
2010	1.93	2.6
2011	1.93	2.56
2012	1.92	2.53
2013	1.86	2.49
2014	1.83	2.46
2015	1.81	2.43
2016	1.75	2.41
2017	1.74	2.38
2018	1.74	2.35
2019	1.66	2.32
2020	1.58	2.3
2021	1.7	2.27
2022	1.63	2.24
2023	1.5	2.22
2024	1.5	2.21
2025	1.5	2.18
2026	1.5	2.16
2027	1.5	2.14
2028	1.51	2.11
2029	1.5	2.09
2030	1.51	2.07
2031	1.5	2.05
2032	1.5	2.04
2033	1.5	2.02
2034	1.5	2.01
2035	1.5	2
2036	1.5	1.98
2037	1.5	1.97
2038	1.5	1.96
2039	1.5	1.95
2040	1.5	1.94
2041	1.5	1.93
2042	1.5	1.92
2043	1.5	1.91
2044	1.5	1.9
2045	1.5	1.89
2046	1.5	1.89
2047	1.5	1.88
2048	1.5	1.87
2049	1.5	1.87
2050	1.5	1.86

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Nicaragua
1960	30.2%	47.6%
1961	30.2%	47.8%
1962	30.1%	48%
1963	29.9%	48.2%
1964	29.8%	48.2%
1965	29.6%	48.1%
1966	29.5%	47.9%
1967	29.3%	47.8%
1968	29.1%	47.7%
1969	28.9%	47.6%
1970	28.8%	47.5%
1971	28.7%	47.5%
1972	28.5%	47.4%
1973	28.2%	47.4%
1974	27.9%	47.3%
1975	27.5%	47.3%
1976	27%	47.3%
1977	26.5%	47.2%
1978	26.1%	47.3%
1979	25.6%	47.3%
1980	25.3%	47.3%
1981	25%	47.3%
1982	24.7%	47.3%
1983	24.4%	47.2%
1984	24%	47.2%
1985	23.6%	47.1%
1986	23.1%	47%
1987	22.7%	46.9%
1988	22.4%	46.7%
1989	22.2%	46.4%
1990	22%	46.1%
1991	21.9%	45.7%
1992	21.8%	45.2%
1993	21.7%	44.8%
1994	21.7%	44.3%
1995	21.5%	43.7%
1996	21.4%	43.1%
1997	21.2%	42.4%
1998	21.1%	41.7%
1999	20.9%	41%
2000	20.8%	40.3%
2001	20.6%	39.6%
2002	20.4%	38.9%
2003	20.2%	38.2%
2004	20%	37.5%
2005	19.8%	36.8%
2006	19.6%	36.2%
2007	19.4%	35.7%
2008	19.3%	35.2%
2009	19.2%	34.7%
2010	19.1%	34.2%
2011	19%	33.8%
2012	18.9%	33.3%
2013	18.9%	32.9%
2014	18.9%	32.6%
2015	18.9%	32.2%
2016	18.9%	31.8%
2017	18.8%	31.5%
2018	18.8%	31.1%
2019	18.7%	30.8%
2020	18.6%	30.4%
2021	18.4%	30.1%
2022	18.2%	29.6%
2023	18%	29.2%
2024	17.8%	28.8%
2025	17.7%	28.3%
2026	17.5%	27.9%
2027	17.4%	27.4%
2028	17.2%	27%
2029	17%	26.6%
2030	16.9%	26.2%
2031	16.7%	25.8%
2032	16.6%	25.4%
2033	16.5%	25%
2034	16.4%	24.7%
2035	16.3%	24.4%
2036	16.2%	24%
2037	16.1%	23.7%
2038	16%	23.4%
2039	15.9%	23.1%
2040	15.9%	22.8%
2041	15.8%	22.5%
2042	15.8%	22.2%
2043	15.7%	22%
2044	15.7%	21.7%
2045	15.7%	21.4%
2046	15.7%	21.2%
2047	15.7%	20.9%
2048	15.7%	20.7%
2049	15.7%	20.5%
2050	15.7%	20.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 28.8% in Nicaragua in 2024, compared to 22% and 46.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and Nicaragua compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Nicaragua by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +1.58% in Nicaragua. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Nicaragua
1960	141,816	55,664
1961	150,955	57,499
1962	143,943	59,547
1963	140,161	61,738
1964	128,420	64,227
1965	122,990	67,056
1966	126,996	69,883
1967	126,249	72,722
1968	132,099	75,458
1969	143,477	78,237
1970	145,081	81,127
1971	165,593	84,139
1972	155,488	76,906
1973	136,476	89,662
1974	128,996	92,505
1975	123,648	95,230
1976	115,070	98,100
1977	117,793	100,498
1978	116,299	98,419
1979	116,112	96,429
1980	117,536	108,604
1981	125,356	110,421
1982	126,030	112,468
1983	130,844	110,618
1984	123,077	110,133
1985	143,674	110,949
1986	123,342	113,054
1987	128,484	112,885
1988	127,298	117,299
1989	127,789	120,128
1990	143,347	120,677
1991	138,273	121,787
1992	139,829	121,204
1993	137,551	120,469
1994	131,761	119,565
1995	131,436	118,325
1996	125,751	116,849
1997	121,592	114,415
1998	120,949	108,862
1999	118,517	110,217
2000	119,882	109,192
2001	117,575	107,109
2002	116,971	105,805
2003	118,325	106,142
2004	115,610	106,904
2005	129,132	108,984
2006	132,931	110,073
2007	154,124	110,341
2008	155,119	110,395
2009	160,518	110,213
2010	158,628	110,475
2011	156,380	110,026
2012	161,408	110,065
2013	159,584	109,032
2014	154,940	108,420
2015	150,041	107,344
2016	152,403	106,585
2017	150,015	105,468
2018	157,269	104,814
2019	136,808	102,817
2020	133,376	90,515
2021	138,701	89,213
2022	111,862	100,987
2023	103,945	100,921

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Nicaragua

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 60 deaths in Nicaragua.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Nicaragua
1985	9	319
1986	8	313
1987	9	316
1988	9	301
1989	9	286
1990	9	281
1991	9	273
1992	9	272
1993	9	265
1994	9	256
1995	9	251
1996	8	244
1997	8	236
1998	7	239
1999	7	228
2000	7	213
2001	6	194
2002	6	170
2003	5	154
2004	5	140
2005	5	124
2006	5	113
2007	5	106
2008	5	101
2009	5	99
2010	5	96
2011	6	93
2012	6	88
2013	6	86
2014	6	83
2015	6	81
2016	6	77
2017	6	72
2018	5	67
2019	5	69
2020	5	87
2021	4	124
2022	4	61
2023	2	60

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 1.34% in Nicaragua. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Nicaragua
1960	2.49%	19.8%
1961	2.43%	19.6%
1962	2.37%	19.4%
1963	2.32%	19.2%
1964	2.27%	19%
1965	2.24%	18.7%
1966	2.21%	18.4%
1967	2.2%	18.1%
1968	2.19%	17.8%
1969	2.18%	17.4%
1970	2.15%	17.1%
1971	2.1%	16.6%
1972	2.03%	18.7%
1973	1.94%	15.6%
1974	1.84%	15%
1975	1.73%	14.4%
1976	1.62%	13.7%
1977	1.52%	12.9%
1978	1.44%	12.2%
1979	1.36%	11.5%
1980	1.3%	10.8%
1981	1.26%	10.2%
1982	1.22%	9.58%
1983	1.19%	9.07%
1984	1.16%	8.62%
1985	1.13%	8.21%
1986	1.1%	7.85%
1987	1.06%	7.53%
1988	1.02%	7.22%
1989	0.97%	6.92%
1990	0.92%	6.62%
1991	0.87%	6.31%
1992	0.82%	6%
1993	0.77%	5.69%
1994	0.73%	5.39%
1995	0.7%	5.09%
1996	0.68%	4.81%
1997	0.66%	4.54%
1998	0.64%	5.01%
1999	0.63%	4.04%
2000	0.62%	3.82%
2001	0.61%	3.62%
2002	0.6%	3.43%
2003	0.59%	3.26%
2004	0.58%	3.1%
2005	0.57%	2.95%
2006	0.56%	2.81%
2007	0.54%	2.68%
2008	0.52%	2.55%
2009	0.5%	2.44%
2010	0.48%	2.33%
2011	0.45%	2.22%
2012	0.43%	2.13%
2013	0.41%	2.03%
2014	0.4%	1.94%
2015	0.39%	1.86%
2016	0.38%	1.78%
2017	0.38%	1.71%
2018	0.38%	1.64%
2019	0.38%	1.57%
2020	0.38%	1.51%
2021	0.37%	1.45%
2022	0.37%	1.39%
2023	0.37%	1.34%