Fertility & birth rates in Australia and United Kingdom

Fertility rate in Australia vs United Kingdom chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.56 in the United Kingdom in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs the United Kingdom population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	United Kingdom
1960	3.45	2.69
1961	3.54	2.78
1962	3.44	2.86
1963	3.33	2.88
1964	3.15	2.93
1965	2.98	2.86
1966	2.88	2.78
1967	2.85	2.68
1968	2.89	2.6
1969	2.89	2.51
1970	2.86	2.44
1971	2.96	2.41
1972	2.74	2.2
1973	2.49	2.04
1974	2.4	1.92
1975	2.15	1.81
1976	2.06	1.74
1977	2.01	1.69
1978	1.95	1.75
1979	1.91	1.86
1980	1.89	1.9
1981	1.94	1.82
1982	1.93	1.78
1983	1.92	1.77
1984	1.84	1.77
1985	1.92	1.79
1986	1.87	1.78
1987	1.85	1.81
1988	1.83	1.82
1989	1.84	1.79
1990	1.9	1.83
1991	1.85	1.82
1992	1.89	1.79
1993	1.86	1.76
1994	1.84	1.74
1995	1.82	1.71
1996	1.8	1.73
1997	1.78	1.72
1998	1.76	1.71
1999	1.76	1.68
2000	1.76	1.64
2001	1.74	1.63
2002	1.76	1.63
2003	1.75	1.7
2004	1.77	1.75
2005	1.81	1.76
2006	1.91	1.82
2007	1.96	1.86
2008	1.98	1.91
2009	1.97	1.89
2010	1.93	1.92
2011	1.93	1.91
2012	1.92	1.92
2013	1.86	1.83
2014	1.83	1.81
2015	1.81	1.8
2016	1.75	1.79
2017	1.74	1.74
2018	1.74	1.68
2019	1.66	1.63
2020	1.58	1.57
2021	1.7	1.58
2022	1.63	1.56
2023	1.5	1.56
2024	1.5	1.55
2025	1.5	1.54
2026	1.5	1.53
2027	1.5	1.53
2028	1.51	1.53
2029	1.5	1.52
2030	1.51	1.52
2031	1.5	1.52
2032	1.5	1.53
2033	1.5	1.53
2034	1.5	1.53
2035	1.5	1.53
2036	1.5	1.53
2037	1.5	1.53
2038	1.5	1.53
2039	1.5	1.53
2040	1.5	1.53
2041	1.5	1.54
2042	1.5	1.54
2043	1.5	1.54
2044	1.5	1.54
2045	1.5	1.54
2046	1.5	1.54
2047	1.5	1.54
2048	1.5	1.54
2049	1.5	1.55
2050	1.5	1.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	United Kingdom
1960	30.2%	23.3%
1961	30.2%	23.3%
1962	30.1%	23.2%
1963	29.9%	23.2%
1964	29.8%	23.3%
1965	29.6%	23.4%
1966	29.5%	23.5%
1967	29.3%	23.7%
1968	29.1%	23.9%
1969	28.9%	24%
1970	28.8%	24.1%
1971	28.7%	24.1%
1972	28.5%	24%
1973	28.2%	23.9%
1974	27.9%	23.6%
1975	27.5%	23.3%
1976	27%	22.9%
1977	26.5%	22.4%
1978	26.1%	21.9%
1979	25.6%	21.4%
1980	25.3%	21%
1981	25%	20.6%
1982	24.7%	20.2%
1983	24.4%	19.8%
1984	24%	19.5%
1985	23.6%	19.3%
1986	23.1%	19.1%
1987	22.7%	18.9%
1988	22.4%	18.9%
1989	22.2%	19.1%
1990	22%	19.1%
1991	21.9%	19.3%
1992	21.8%	19.4%
1993	21.7%	19.5%
1994	21.7%	19.6%
1995	21.5%	19.5%
1996	21.4%	19.4%
1997	21.2%	19.3%
1998	21.1%	19.3%
1999	20.9%	19.2%
2000	20.8%	18.9%
2001	20.6%	18.7%
2002	20.4%	18.5%
2003	20.2%	18.4%
2004	20%	18.3%
2005	19.8%	18.2%
2006	19.6%	18%
2007	19.4%	17.9%
2008	19.3%	17.8%
2009	19.2%	17.8%
2010	19.1%	17.8%
2011	19%	17.7%
2012	18.9%	17.8%
2013	18.9%	17.8%
2014	18.9%	17.8%
2015	18.9%	17.9%
2016	18.9%	18%
2017	18.8%	18%
2018	18.8%	18.1%
2019	18.7%	18%
2020	18.6%	18%
2021	18.4%	17.8%
2022	18.2%	17.6%
2023	18%	17.4%
2024	17.8%	17.2%
2025	17.7%	17%
2026	17.5%	16.7%
2027	17.4%	16.5%
2028	17.2%	16.2%
2029	17%	16%
2030	16.9%	15.7%
2031	16.7%	15.5%
2032	16.6%	15.3%
2033	16.5%	15.2%
2034	16.4%	15.1%
2035	16.3%	15%
2036	16.2%	14.9%
2037	16.1%	14.9%
2038	16%	14.8%
2039	15.9%	14.8%
2040	15.9%	14.8%
2041	15.8%	14.8%
2042	15.8%	14.8%
2043	15.7%	14.9%
2044	15.7%	14.9%
2045	15.7%	14.9%
2046	15.7%	15%
2047	15.7%	15%
2048	15.7%	15%
2049	15.7%	15%
2050	15.7%	15.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 17.2% in the United Kingdom in 2024, compared to 22% and 19.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and the United Kingdom compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs United Kingdom by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +0.16% in the United Kingdom. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	United Kingdom
1960	141,816	314,400
1961	150,955	311,519
1962	143,943	340,800
1963	140,161	337,995
1964	128,420	405,000
1965	122,990	364,132
1966	126,996	333,356
1967	126,249	346,145
1968	132,099	292,622
1969	143,477	260,577
1970	145,081	244,918
1971	165,593	257,123
1972	155,488	162,650
1973	136,476	112,389
1974	128,996	67,476
1975	123,648	33,735
1976	115,070	-5,621
1977	117,793	0
1978	116,299	16,859
1979	116,112	61,872
1980	117,536	95,734
1981	125,356	73,234
1982	126,030	56,314
1983	130,844	61,966
1984	123,077	84,633
1985	143,674	79,170
1986	123,342	90,690
1987	128,484	136,325
1988	127,298	136,628
1989	127,789	119,861
1990	143,347	154,569
1991	138,273	143,562
1992	139,829	149,709
1993	137,551	103,893
1994	131,761	127,304
1995	131,436	87,028
1996	125,751	98,884
1997	121,592	99,138
1998	120,949	87,730
1999	118,517	64,551
2000	119,882	70,671
2001	117,575	65,032
2002	116,971	65,308
2003	118,325	89,471
2004	115,610	131,974
2005	129,132	144,963
2006	132,931	176,455
2007	154,124	196,232
2008	155,119	216,325
2009	160,518	230,422
2010	158,628	251,066
2011	156,380	259,361
2012	161,408	248,473
2013	159,584	198,830
2014	154,940	206,784
2015	150,041	175,738
2016	152,403	177,139
2017	150,015	145,125
2018	157,269	119,321
2019	136,808	108,342
2020	133,376	-4,272
2021	138,701	30,612
2022	111,862	39,751
2023	103,945	34,589

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs United Kingdom

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 8 deaths in the United Kingdom.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	United Kingdom
1985	9	2
1986	8	2
1987	9	3
1988	9	4
1989	9	5
1990	9	6
1991	9	7
1992	9	7
1993	9	8
1994	9	9
1995	9	9
1996	8	8
1997	8	9
1998	7	10
1999	7	11
2000	7	12
2001	6	13
2002	6	13
2003	5	14
2004	5	13
2005	5	12
2006	5	12
2007	5	11
2008	5	11
2009	5	11
2010	5	10
2011	6	10
2012	6	9
2013	6	9
2014	6	9
2015	6	9
2016	6	9
2017	6	9
2018	5	9
2019	5	9
2020	5	14
2021	4	13
2022	4	15
2023	2	8

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 0.45% in the United Kingdom. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	United Kingdom
1960	2.49%	2.66%
1961	2.43%	2.61%
1962	2.37%	2.56%
1963	2.32%	2.49%
1964	2.27%	2.42%
1965	2.24%	2.34%
1966	2.21%	2.28%
1967	2.2%	2.22%
1968	2.19%	2.18%
1969	2.18%	2.14%
1970	2.15%	2.1%
1971	2.1%	2.06%
1972	2.03%	2%
1973	1.94%	1.94%
1974	1.84%	1.87%
1975	1.73%	1.8%
1976	1.62%	1.72%
1977	1.52%	1.64%
1978	1.44%	1.57%
1979	1.36%	1.49%
1980	1.3%	1.41%
1981	1.26%	1.34%
1982	1.22%	1.27%
1983	1.19%	1.22%
1984	1.16%	1.17%
1985	1.13%	1.14%
1986	1.1%	1.11%
1987	1.06%	1.08%
1988	1.02%	1.04%
1989	0.97%	0.99%
1990	0.92%	0.93%
1991	0.87%	0.87%
1992	0.82%	0.82%
1993	0.77%	0.77%
1994	0.73%	0.74%
1995	0.7%	0.72%
1996	0.68%	0.7%
1997	0.66%	0.69%
1998	0.64%	0.68%
1999	0.63%	0.67%
2000	0.62%	0.65%
2001	0.61%	0.64%
2002	0.6%	0.63%
2003	0.59%	0.63%
2004	0.58%	0.61%
2005	0.57%	0.6%
2006	0.56%	0.59%
2007	0.54%	0.58%
2008	0.52%	0.56%
2009	0.5%	0.54%
2010	0.48%	0.52%
2011	0.45%	0.5%
2012	0.43%	0.48%
2013	0.41%	0.46%
2014	0.4%	0.45%
2015	0.39%	0.45%
2016	0.38%	0.44%
2017	0.38%	0.44%
2018	0.38%	0.44%
2019	0.38%	0.44%
2020	0.38%	0.44%
2021	0.37%	0.44%
2022	0.37%	0.45%
2023	0.37%	0.45%