Fertility & birth rates in Australia and East Timor

Fertility rate in Australia vs East Timor chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.71 in East Timor in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs East Timor population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	East Timor
1960	3.45	6.32
1961	3.54	6.27
1962	3.44	6.22
1963	3.33	6.16
1964	3.15	6.08
1965	2.98	6.01
1966	2.88	5.93
1967	2.85	5.86
1968	2.89	5.79
1969	2.89	5.72
1970	2.86	5.66
1971	2.96	5.58
1972	2.74	5.49
1973	2.49	5.39
1974	2.4	5.29
1975	2.15	5.19
1976	2.06	5.12
1977	2.01	5.09
1978	1.95	5.09
1979	1.91	5.14
1980	1.89	5.22
1981	1.94	5.53
1982	1.93	5.56
1983	1.92	5.59
1984	1.84	5.61
1985	1.92	5.65
1986	1.87	5.67
1987	1.85	5.68
1988	1.83	5.72
1989	1.84	5.76
1990	1.9	5.81
1991	1.85	5.84
1992	1.89	5.87
1993	1.86	5.88
1994	1.84	5.91
1995	1.82	5.94
1996	1.8	5.94
1997	1.78	5.96
1998	1.76	5.96
1999	1.76	5.97
2000	1.76	5.93
2001	1.74	5.92
2002	1.76	5.9
2003	1.75	5.85
2004	1.77	5.74
2005	1.81	5.61
2006	1.91	5.47
2007	1.96	5.33
2008	1.98	5.17
2009	1.97	4.99
2010	1.93	4.82
2011	1.93	4.61
2012	1.92	4.4
2013	1.86	4.21
2014	1.83	4
2015	1.81	3.78
2016	1.75	3.58
2017	1.74	3.4
2018	1.74	3.24
2019	1.66	3.12
2020	1.58	3.01
2021	1.7	2.89
2022	1.63	2.8
2023	1.5	2.71
2024	1.5	2.63
2025	1.5	2.56
2026	1.5	2.5
2027	1.5	2.45
2028	1.51	2.4
2029	1.5	2.36
2030	1.51	2.32
2031	1.5	2.29
2032	1.5	2.25
2033	1.5	2.22
2034	1.5	2.19
2035	1.5	2.17
2036	1.5	2.14
2037	1.5	2.12
2038	1.5	2.09
2039	1.5	2.07
2040	1.5	2.05
2041	1.5	2.03
2042	1.5	2.02
2043	1.5	2
2044	1.5	1.99
2045	1.5	1.97
2046	1.5	1.96
2047	1.5	1.95
2048	1.5	1.94
2049	1.5	1.93
2050	1.5	1.92

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	East Timor
1960	30.2%	40.1%
1961	30.2%	39.7%
1962	30.1%	39.3%
1963	29.9%	39%
1964	29.8%	38.8%
1965	29.6%	38.7%
1966	29.5%	38.9%
1967	29.3%	39.1%
1968	29.1%	39.3%
1969	28.9%	39.5%
1970	28.8%	39.6%
1971	28.7%	39.7%
1972	28.5%	39.7%
1973	28.2%	39.8%
1974	27.9%	39.7%
1975	27.5%	39.4%
1976	27%	39%
1977	26.5%	38.5%
1978	26.1%	38%
1979	25.6%	37.5%
1980	25.3%	37.4%
1981	25%	37.8%
1982	24.7%	38.4%
1983	24.4%	38.8%
1984	24%	39.3%
1985	23.6%	39.7%
1986	23.1%	40.2%
1987	22.7%	40.7%
1988	22.4%	41.3%
1989	22.2%	41.9%
1990	22%	42.2%
1991	21.9%	42.4%
1992	21.8%	42.6%
1993	21.7%	42.7%
1994	21.7%	42.9%
1995	21.5%	43%
1996	21.4%	43%
1997	21.2%	43%
1998	21.1%	42.9%
1999	20.9%	42.7%
2000	20.8%	42.6%
2001	20.6%	42.5%
2002	20.4%	42.4%
2003	20.2%	42.2%
2004	20%	42%
2005	19.8%	42.1%
2006	19.6%	42.2%
2007	19.4%	42.3%
2008	19.3%	42.1%
2009	19.2%	41.9%
2010	19.1%	41.6%
2011	19%	41.3%
2012	18.9%	40.9%
2013	18.9%	40.4%
2014	18.9%	39.8%
2015	18.9%	39.1%
2016	18.9%	38.4%
2017	18.8%	37.8%
2018	18.8%	37.2%
2019	18.7%	36.6%
2020	18.6%	36%
2021	18.4%	35.4%
2022	18.2%	34.8%
2023	18%	34.2%
2024	17.8%	33.7%
2025	17.7%	33.1%
2026	17.5%	32.6%
2027	17.4%	32.1%
2028	17.2%	31.6%
2029	17%	31%
2030	16.9%	30.4%
2031	16.7%	29.8%
2032	16.6%	29.2%
2033	16.5%	28.7%
2034	16.4%	28.1%
2035	16.3%	27.6%
2036	16.2%	27.2%
2037	16.1%	26.9%
2038	16%	26.7%
2039	15.9%	26.4%
2040	15.9%	26.2%
2041	15.8%	25.9%
2042	15.8%	25.6%
2043	15.7%	25.4%
2044	15.7%	25.1%
2045	15.7%	24.8%
2046	15.7%	24.5%
2047	15.7%	24.1%
2048	15.7%	23.8%
2049	15.7%	23.5%
2050	15.7%	23.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 33.7% in East Timor in 2024, compared to 22% and 42.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and East Timor compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs East Timor by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +1.7% in East Timor. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	East Timor
1960	141,816	7,012
1961	150,955	7,330
1962	143,943	7,639
1963	140,161	7,938
1964	128,420	8,235
1965	122,990	8,526
1966	126,996	8,810
1967	126,249	9,089
1968	132,099	9,356
1969	143,477	9,611
1970	145,081	9,824
1971	165,593	9,964
1972	155,488	10,030
1973	136,476	10,033
1974	128,996	8,405
1975	123,648	-1,062
1976	115,070	783
1977	117,793	296
1978	116,299	-1,000
1979	116,112	987
1980	117,536	6,940
1981	125,356	9,336
1982	126,030	9,579
1983	130,844	9,686
1984	123,077	10,922
1985	143,674	10,788
1986	123,342	11,062
1987	128,484	11,945
1988	127,298	12,118
1989	127,789	17,758
1990	143,347	18,343
1991	138,273	18,605
1992	139,829	19,880
1993	137,551	20,770
1994	131,761	21,746
1995	131,436	21,962
1996	125,751	22,703
1997	121,592	23,501
1998	120,949	23,590
1999	118,517	21,871
2000	119,882	21,579
2001	117,575	23,314
2002	116,971	25,410
2003	118,325	26,900
2004	115,610	26,751
2005	129,132	26,412
2006	132,931	26,221
2007	154,124	26,074
2008	155,119	25,888
2009	160,518	25,696
2010	158,628	25,515
2011	156,380	25,237
2012	161,408	24,890
2013	159,584	24,538
2014	154,940	24,040
2015	150,041	23,391
2016	152,403	22,778
2017	150,015	22,145
2018	157,269	21,650
2019	136,808	21,307
2020	133,376	21,166
2021	138,701	20,101
2022	111,862	20,625
2023	103,945	20,495

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs East Timor

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 192 deaths in East Timor.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	East Timor
1985	9	1,916
1986	8	1,860
1987	9	1,763
1988	9	1,743
1989	9	1,511
1990	9	1,477
1991	9	1,439
1992	9	1,368
1993	9	1,308
1994	9	1,254
1995	9	1,239
1996	8	1,193
1997	8	1,166
1998	7	1,157
1999	7	1,488
2000	7	796
2001	6	761
2002	6	724
2003	5	714
2004	5	683
2005	5	648
2006	5	600
2007	5	559
2008	5	518
2009	5	477
2010	5	439
2011	6	404
2012	6	374
2013	6	349
2014	6	327
2015	6	305
2016	6	287
2017	6	269
2018	5	251
2019	5	237
2020	5	257
2021	4	263
2022	4	235
2023	2	192

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 5% in East Timor. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	East Timor
1960	2.49%	-
1961	2.43%	-
1962	2.37%	-
1963	2.32%	-
1964	2.27%	-
1965	2.24%	-
1966	2.21%	-
1967	2.2%	-
1968	2.19%	-
1969	2.18%	-
1970	2.15%	-
1971	2.1%	-
1972	2.03%	-
1973	1.94%	-
1974	1.84%	-
1975	1.73%	-
1976	1.62%	-
1977	1.52%	-
1978	1.44%	-
1979	1.36%	-
1980	1.3%	-
1981	1.26%	-
1982	1.22%	-
1983	1.19%	-
1984	1.16%	-
1985	1.13%	27.1%
1986	1.1%	26.3%
1987	1.06%	24.4%
1988	1.02%	24.1%
1989	0.97%	23%
1990	0.92%	22.5%
1991	0.87%	22.2%
1992	0.82%	21.1%
1993	0.77%	20%
1994	0.73%	19.2%
1995	0.7%	19.3%
1996	0.68%	18.5%
1997	0.66%	17.7%
1998	0.64%	18%
1999	0.63%	19.4%
2000	0.62%	11.1%
2001	0.61%	10.6%
2002	0.6%	10.1%
2003	0.59%	9.61%
2004	0.58%	9.17%
2005	0.57%	8.75%
2006	0.56%	8.36%
2007	0.54%	8.01%
2008	0.52%	7.68%
2009	0.5%	7.38%
2010	0.48%	7.11%
2011	0.45%	6.86%
2012	0.43%	6.63%
2013	0.41%	6.42%
2014	0.4%	6.23%
2015	0.39%	6.06%
2016	0.38%	5.91%
2017	0.38%	5.78%
2018	0.38%	5.66%
2019	0.38%	5.55%
2020	0.38%	5.42%
2021	0.37%	5.28%
2022	0.37%	5.14%
2023	0.37%	5%