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Fertility & birth rates in Russia and Turkey

Updated on by Georank team

Russia has an annual birth rate of 8.6 births per 1,000 people, compared to 11.2 for Turkey. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.41 in Russia and 1.51 in Turkey — 7.09% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -44% in Russia and by -76.3% in Turkey — in 1960, it was 2.52 and 6.38, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Russia is ranked 168/196 by birth rate compared to 126/196 for Turkey.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 25.2 years in Russia, compared to 27.1 years in Turkey.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.1 in Russia — it's 29.4 in Turkey.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 13 in Russia vs 12.1 in Turkey.
  • In Russia, 23.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.7% in Turkey.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.35% in Russia and +0.5% in Turkey.

Birth rate data compared

Russia Turkey
Fertility rate 1.41 1.51
Birth rate 8.6 11.2
Birth rate rank 168/196 126/196
Age at first childbirth 25.2 years 27.1 years
Average age at childbearing 29.1 years 29.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 11.6 10.5
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 78.6 87.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 11.7 18
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 23.3% 25.7%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 55% 48.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.6% 97%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.009% 0.02%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.17% 0.49%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.37% 0.91%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.45% 1.28%
Population change due to births and deaths -503,392 +426,630
Natural population change rank 194/196 40/196
Natural population change rate -0.35% +0.5%
Population growth -0.2% +0.23%
Population growth rank 177/197 153/197
Life expectancy 73.5 years 77.8 years

Fertility rate in Russia vs Turkey chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Russia was 1.41 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.51 in Turkey in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Russia vs Turkey population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Russia
Factual

UN forecast
Turkey
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Russia Turkey
1960 2.52 6.38
1961 2.45 6.42
1962 2.36 6.38
1963 2.27 6.34
1964 2.18 6.29
1965 2.13 6.22
1966 2.1 6.15
1967 2.04 6.06
1968 1.99 5.96
1969 1.97 5.87
1970 1.99 5.78
1971 2.03 5.67
1972 2.04 5.55
1973 2.01 5.41
1974 2 5.24
1975 1.98 5.09
1976 1.97 4.93
1977 1.95 4.78
1978 1.92 4.69
1979 1.9 4.58
1980 1.89 4.45
1981 1.91 4.35
1982 2.04 4.21
1983 2.11 4.06
1984 2.06 3.91
1985 2.05 3.78
1986 2.15 3.66
1987 2.22 3.54
1988 2.12 3.45
1989 2.01 3.34
1990 1.89 3.11
1991 1.73 3
1992 1.55 2.94
1993 1.39 2.92
1994 1.4 2.87
1995 1.34 2.84
1996 1.27 2.78
1997 1.22 2.74
1998 1.23 2.71
1999 1.16 2.63
2000 1.2 2.49
2001 1.22 2.39
2002 1.29 2.27
2003 1.32 2.2
2004 1.34 2.2
2005 1.29 2.2
2006 1.31 2.19
2007 1.42 2.16
2008 1.5 2.15
2009 1.54 2.1
2010 1.57 2.08
2011 1.58 2.05
2012 1.69 2.11
2013 1.71 2.11
2014 1.75 2.19
2015 1.78 2.16
2016 1.76 2.11
2017 1.62 2.08
2018 1.58 2
2019 1.5 1.89
2020 1.51 1.77
2021 1.51 1.71
2022 1.42 1.63
2023 1.41 1.51
2024 1.42 1.51
2025 1.43 1.5
2026 1.43 1.5
2027 1.43 1.5
2028 1.44 1.5
2029 1.44 1.5
2030 1.45 1.5
2031 1.45 1.5
2032 1.45 1.5
2033 1.46 1.5
2034 1.46 1.5
2035 1.46 1.5
2036 1.47 1.5
2037 1.47 1.5
2038 1.47 1.5
2039 1.47 1.5
2040 1.48 1.5
2041 1.48 1.5
2042 1.48 1.5
2043 1.48 1.5
2044 1.49 1.5
2045 1.49 1.5
2046 1.49 1.5
2047 1.49 1.5
2048 1.5 1.5
2049 1.5 1.5
2050 1.5 1.5

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Russia
Factual

UN forecast
Turkey
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Russia Turkey
1960 30.5% 42%
1961 30.9% 42.2%
1962 30.8% 42.4%
1963 30.6% 42.5%
1964 30.2% 42.7%
1965 29.5% 42.8%
1966 28.9% 42.8%
1967 28.3% 42.9%
1968 27.6% 42.9%
1969 26.9% 42.8%
1970 26.1% 42.7%
1971 25.4% 42.5%
1972 24.8% 42.3%
1973 24.2% 42.1%
1974 23.6% 41.8%
1975 23% 41.5%
1976 22.5% 41.1%
1977 22.1% 40.7%
1978 21.8% 40.4%
1979 21.7% 40.1%
1980 21.7% 39.8%
1981 21.7% 39.6%
1982 21.9% 39.3%
1983 22.1% 38.9%
1984 22.4% 38.5%
1985 22.6% 38.1%
1986 22.8% 37.6%
1987 22.9% 37.2%
1988 23% 36.7%
1989 23% 36.3%
1990 22.9% 35.8%
1991 22.7% 35.3%
1992 22.4% 34.8%
1993 22% 34.3%
1994 21.6% 33.8%
1995 21.2% 33.2%
1996 20.7% 32.6%
1997 20.2% 32%
1998 19.5% 31.4%
1999 18.8% 30.8%
2000 18% 30.2%
2001 17.3% 29.7%
2002 16.6% 29.2%
2003 16% 28.7%
2004 15.6% 28.3%
2005 15.2% 27.9%
2006 14.9% 27.5%
2007 14.8% 27.1%
2008 14.9% 26.7%
2009 15% 26.3%
2010 15.2% 25.9%
2011 15.4% 25.5%
2012 15.7% 25.1%
2013 16.1% 24.7%
2014 16.5% 24.3%
2015 16.9% 23.9%
2016 17.2% 23.6%
2017 17.5% 23.3%
2018 17.6% 23.1%
2019 17.6% 23%
2020 17.7% 22.8%
2021 17.7% 22.5%
2022 17.7% 22.2%
2023 17.5% 21.8%
2024 17.3% 21.4%
2025 17% 21%
2026 16.7% 20.6%
2027 16.3% 20.1%
2028 15.9% 19.6%
2029 15.5% 19.2%
2030 15% 18.7%
2031 14.6% 18.2%
2032 14.2% 17.8%
2033 14% 17.4%
2034 13.8% 17.1%
2035 13.7% 16.8%
2036 13.6% 16.5%
2037 13.6% 16.3%
2038 13.6% 16.2%
2039 13.7% 16.1%
2040 13.9% 16%
2041 14% 15.8%
2042 14.2% 15.7%
2043 14.4% 15.6%
2044 14.6% 15.5%
2045 14.8% 15.4%
2046 15% 15.3%
2047 15.2% 15.2%
2048 15.4% 15.1%
2049 15.5% 15%
2050 15.7% 14.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.3% of the population in Russia and 21.4% in Turkey in 2024, compared to 22.9% and 35.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Russia and Turkey compared.

Natural population change in Russia vs Turkey by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.24% in Russia and +0.91% in Turkey. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Russia
Turkey

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Russia Turkey
1960 1,962,834 773,009
1961 1,810,538 816,911
1962 1,573,701 837,473
1963 1,436,077 862,626
1964 1,233,520 884,152
1965 1,059,335 904,016
1966 989,279 925,790
1967 854,554 936,727
1968 787,621 950,778
1969 753,088 970,958
1970 785,554 991,950
1971 854,999 1,014,165
1972 872,050 1,023,781
1973 846,561 1,025,675
1974 883,186 1,020,053
1975 843,850 1,012,904
1976 852,237 1,009,999
1977 832,932 1,023,779
1978 812,766 1,054,863
1979 690,135 1,076,707
1980 681,149 1,090,538
1981 713,700 1,100,082
1982 830,855 1,091,863
1983 906,676 1,095,106
1984 756,548 1,096,529
1985 762,447 1,098,846
1986 985,279 1,102,660
1987 977,583 1,099,042
1988 778,343 1,101,266
1989 576,112 1,094,036
1990 325,533 1,044,467
1991 103,876 1,041,229
1992 -222,808 1,039,125
1993 -757,140 1,064,168
1994 -920,129 1,078,208
1995 -845,742 1,090,630
1996 -785,248 1,091,827
1997 -769,159 1,099,738
1998 -694,053 1,103,242
1999 -927,453 1,063,312
2000 -967,540 1,020,515
2001 -963,445 980,560
2002 -944,492 922,927
2003 -896,822 893,683
2004 -792,370 896,025
2005 -846,761 898,650
2006 -686,638 897,351
2007 -471,257 876,626
2008 -356,856 868,749
2009 -257,014 900,491
2010 -242,844 892,334
2011 -128,716 875,839
2012 0 917,145
2013 28,761 921,386
2014 28,848 957,055
2015 43,392 930,799
2016 0 895,841
2017 -130,764 875,408
2018 -232,637 830,353
2019 -319,997 751,472
2020 -697,177 608,708
2021 -1,027,702 521,713
2022 -576,948 535,373
2023 -503,392 426,630

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Russia vs Turkey

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 9 deaths per 100,000 live births in Russia, compared to 15 deaths in Turkey.

Russia
Turkey
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Russia Turkey
1985 81 56
1986 69 53
1987 65 50
1988 63 47
1989 61 44
1990 58 42
1991 57 41
1992 62 40
1993 76 39
1994 85 38
1995 82 37
1996 69 36
1997 59 35
1998 53 34
1999 53 34
2000 51 32
2001 48 31
2002 47 30
2003 45 29
2004 41 28
2005 38 27
2006 32 26
2007 29 25
2008 27 24
2009 24 23
2010 23 23
2011 19 23
2012 18 21
2013 16 20
2014 16 20
2015 15 19
2016 14 19
2017 12 18
2018 12 17
2019 12 17
2020 19 19
2021 21 20
2022 13 21
2023 9 15

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.45% in Russia and 1.28% in Turkey. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Russia
Turkey

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Russia Turkey
1960 4.55% 25.8%
1961 4.26% 25%
1962 3.99% 24.1%
1963 3.76% 23.3%
1964 3.55% 22.5%
1965 3.38% 21.7%
1966 3.23% 21%
1967 3.11% 20.4%
1968 3.02% 19.7%
1969 2.94% 19.2%
1970 2.88% 18.6%
1971 2.84% 18%
1972 2.81% 17.5%
1973 2.78% 16.9%
1974 2.77% 16.3%
1975 2.76% 15.7%
1976 2.76% 15.1%
1977 2.76% 14.5%
1978 2.76% 13.9%
1979 2.75% 13.3%
1980 2.73% 12.7%
1981 2.7% 12.1%
1982 2.66% 11.5%
1983 2.62% 10.9%
1984 2.56% 10.3%
1985 2.5% 9.79%
1986 2.42% 9.27%
1987 2.34% 8.77%
1988 2.26% 8.29%
1989 2.2% 7.83%
1990 2.17% 7.38%
1991 2.16% 6.95%
1992 2.17% 6.52%
1993 2.19% 6.11%
1994 2.2% 5.73%
1995 2.2% 5.35%
1996 2.17% 5%
1997 2.13% 4.66%
1998 2.08% 4.33%
1999 2.02% 4.03%
2000 1.94% 3.74%
2001 1.84% 3.47%
2002 1.73% 3.22%
2003 1.61% 2.99%
2004 1.5% 2.77%
2005 1.39% 2.57%
2006 1.29% 2.38%
2007 1.2% 2.21%
2008 1.13% 2.06%
2009 1.07% 1.92%
2010 1.04% 1.79%
2011 1.02% 1.68%
2012 0.99% 1.58%
2013 0.95% 1.49%
2014 0.89% 1.4%
2015 0.82% 1.33%
2016 0.75% 1.26%
2017 0.69% 1.2%
2018 0.63% 1.15%
2019 0.58% 1.1%
2020 0.54% 1.05%
2021 0.51% 1.01%
2022 0.47% 0.96%
2023 0.45% 1.28%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Russia vs Turkey
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