Fertility & birth rates in Kazakhstan and Turkey

Fertility rate in Kazakhstan vs Turkey chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Kazakhstan was 3.01 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.51 in Turkey in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Kazakhstan vs Turkey population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Kazakhstan	Turkey
1960	4.5	6.38
1961	4.42	6.42
1962	4.36	6.38
1963	4.26	6.34
1964	4.07	6.29
1965	3.88	6.22
1966	3.82	6.15
1967	3.77	6.06
1968	3.63	5.96
1969	3.51	5.87
1970	3.51	5.78
1971	3.53	5.67
1972	3.55	5.55
1973	3.51	5.41
1974	3.45	5.24
1975	3.4	5.09
1976	3.33	4.93
1977	3.26	4.78
1978	3.16	4.69
1979	3.14	4.58
1980	3.09	4.45
1981	3.05	4.35
1982	3.02	4.21
1983	3.07	4.06
1984	3.15	3.91
1985	3.21	3.78
1986	3.19	3.66
1987	3.12	3.54
1988	3	3.45
1989	2.87	3.34
1990	2.75	3.11
1991	2.68	3
1992	2.58	2.94
1993	2.48	2.92
1994	2.38	2.87
1995	2.25	2.84
1996	2.08	2.78
1997	1.97	2.74
1998	1.94	2.71
1999	1.9	2.63
2000	1.9	2.49
2001	1.91	2.39
2002	1.96	2.27
2003	2.08	2.2
2004	2.2	2.2
2005	2.27	2.2
2006	2.38	2.19
2007	2.49	2.16
2008	2.62	2.15
2009	2.58	2.1
2010	2.61	2.08
2011	2.61	2.05
2012	2.64	2.11
2013	2.67	2.11
2014	2.76	2.19
2015	2.76	2.16
2016	2.8	2.11
2017	2.75	2.08
2018	2.85	2
2019	2.89	1.89
2020	3.13	1.77
2021	3.32	1.71
2022	3.05	1.63
2023	3.01	1.51
2024	2.98	1.51
2025	2.95	1.5
2026	2.92	1.5
2027	2.9	1.5
2028	2.87	1.5
2029	2.84	1.5
2030	2.81	1.5
2031	2.78	1.5
2032	2.76	1.5
2033	2.74	1.5
2034	2.71	1.5
2035	2.69	1.5
2036	2.66	1.5
2037	2.64	1.5
2038	2.62	1.5
2039	2.6	1.5
2040	2.58	1.5
2041	2.56	1.5
2042	2.54	1.5
2043	2.52	1.5
2044	2.5	1.5
2045	2.48	1.5
2046	2.47	1.5
2047	2.44	1.5
2048	2.43	1.5
2049	2.41	1.5
2050	2.39	1.5

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Kazakhstan	Turkey
1960	37.2%	42%
1961	38%	42.2%
1962	38.4%	42.4%
1963	38.5%	42.5%
1964	38.4%	42.7%
1965	38.1%	42.8%
1966	37.8%	42.8%
1967	37.4%	42.9%
1968	37%	42.9%
1969	36.5%	42.8%
1970	36.1%	42.7%
1971	35.6%	42.5%
1972	35.2%	42.3%
1973	34.7%	42.1%
1974	34.1%	41.8%
1975	33.6%	41.5%
1976	33.3%	41.1%
1977	33.1%	40.7%
1978	32.8%	40.4%
1979	32.9%	40.1%
1980	33%	39.8%
1981	32.8%	39.6%
1982	32.7%	39.3%
1983	32.6%	38.9%
1984	32.6%	38.5%
1985	32.6%	38.1%
1986	32.6%	37.6%
1987	32.4%	37.2%
1988	32.1%	36.7%
1989	31.9%	36.3%
1990	31.7%	35.8%
1991	31.6%	35.3%
1992	31.4%	34.8%
1993	31.1%	34.3%
1994	30.8%	33.8%
1995	30.5%	33.2%
1996	30.1%	32.6%
1997	29.6%	32%
1998	29%	31.4%
1999	28.3%	30.8%
2000	27.6%	30.2%
2001	26.9%	29.7%
2002	26.2%	29.2%
2003	25.6%	28.7%
2004	25.1%	28.3%
2005	24.8%	27.9%
2006	24.7%	27.5%
2007	24.7%	27.1%
2008	24.9%	26.7%
2009	25.1%	26.3%
2010	25.4%	25.9%
2011	25.7%	25.5%
2012	26.2%	25.1%
2013	26.7%	24.7%
2014	27.2%	24.3%
2015	27.7%	23.9%
2016	28.1%	23.6%
2017	28.5%	23.3%
2018	28.8%	23.1%
2019	29%	23%
2020	29.2%	22.8%
2021	29.5%	22.5%
2022	29.6%	22.2%
2023	29.5%	21.8%
2024	29.4%	21.4%
2025	29.1%	21%
2026	28.9%	20.6%
2027	28.5%	20.1%
2028	28.2%	19.6%
2029	27.9%	19.2%
2030	27.5%	18.7%
2031	27.1%	18.2%
2032	26.8%	17.8%
2033	26.5%	17.4%
2034	26.1%	17.1%
2035	25.8%	16.8%
2036	25.4%	16.5%
2037	25%	16.3%
2038	24.8%	16.2%
2039	24.7%	16.1%
2040	24.6%	16%
2041	24.5%	15.8%
2042	24.5%	15.7%
2043	24.6%	15.6%
2044	24.6%	15.5%
2045	24.6%	15.4%
2046	24.7%	15.3%
2047	24.7%	15.2%
2048	24.7%	15.1%
2049	24.7%	15%
2050	24.7%	14.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 29.4% of the population in Kazakhstan and 21.4% in Turkey in 2024, compared to 31.7% and 35.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Kazakhstan and Turkey compared.

Natural population change in Kazakhstan vs Turkey by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.44% in Kazakhstan and +0.91% in Turkey. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Kazakhstan	Turkey
1960	226,027	773,009
1961	228,686	816,911
1962	228,177	837,473
1963	223,105	862,626
1964	208,899	884,152
1965	194,470	904,016
1966	191,506	925,790
1967	191,536	936,727
1968	186,254	950,778
1969	184,118	970,958
1970	191,775	991,950
1971	202,450	1,014,165
1972	212,319	1,023,781
1973	215,940	1,025,675
1974	217,668	1,020,053
1975	219,748	1,012,904
1976	221,992	1,009,999
1977	224,284	1,023,779
1978	225,895	1,054,863
1979	237,442	1,076,707
1980	238,977	1,090,538
1981	243,652	1,100,082
1982	246,983	1,091,863
1983	260,471	1,095,106
1984	278,485	1,096,529
1985	293,834	1,098,846
1986	295,818	1,102,660
1987	290,227	1,099,042
1988	275,278	1,101,266
1989	254,394	1,094,036
1990	235,113	1,044,467
1991	221,581	1,041,229
1992	204,785	1,039,125
1993	185,649	1,064,168
1994	165,631	1,078,208
1995	140,721	1,090,630
1996	112,384	1,091,827
1997	92,778	1,099,738
1998	85,735	1,103,242
1999	79,536	1,063,312
2000	80,699	1,020,515
2001	84,279	980,560
2002	93,564	922,927
2003	112,137	893,683
2004	132,286	896,025
2005	146,619	898,650
2006	166,480	897,351
2007	188,486	876,626
2008	214,169	868,749
2009	218,036	900,491
2010	230,479	892,334
2011	237,883	875,839
2012	249,987	917,145
2013	259,239	921,386
2014	274,406	957,055
2015	273,523	930,799
2016	277,878	895,841
2017	268,066	875,408
2018	278,917	830,353
2019	278,788	751,472
2020	272,458	608,708
2021	269,026	521,713
2022	277,019	535,373
2023	273,013	426,630

Maternal mortality chart: Kazakhstan vs Turkey

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 10 deaths per 100,000 live births in Kazakhstan, compared to 15 deaths in Turkey.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Kazakhstan	Turkey
1985	68	56
1986	67	53
1987	66	50
1988	65	47
1989	64	44
1990	64	42
1991	64	41
1992	65	40
1993	67	39
1994	70	38
1995	72	37
1996	72	36
1997	71	35
1998	68	34
1999	63	34
2000	58	32
2001	53	31
2002	48	30
2003	45	29
2004	41	28
2005	38	27
2006	35	26
2007	32	25
2008	28	24
2009	25	23
2010	22	23
2011	19	23
2012	17	21
2013	15	20
2014	14	20
2015	13	19
2016	12	19
2017	12	18
2018	11	17
2019	11	17
2020	18	19
2021	23	20
2022	14	21
2023	10	15

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.96% in Kazakhstan and 1.28% in Turkey. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Kazakhstan	Turkey
1960	-	25.8%
1961	-	25%
1962	-	24.1%
1963	-	23.3%
1964	-	22.5%
1965	-	21.7%
1966	-	21%
1967	-	20.4%
1968	-	19.7%
1969	-	19.2%
1970	-	18.6%
1971	8.54%	18%
1972	8.33%	17.5%
1973	8.14%	16.9%
1974	7.96%	16.3%
1975	7.8%	15.7%
1976	7.66%	15.1%
1977	7.53%	14.5%
1978	7.39%	13.9%
1979	7.24%	13.3%
1980	7.05%	12.7%
1981	6.83%	12.1%
1982	6.6%	11.5%
1983	6.38%	10.9%
1984	6.16%	10.3%
1985	5.94%	9.79%
1986	5.73%	9.27%
1987	5.54%	8.77%
1988	5.37%	8.29%
1989	5.23%	7.83%
1990	5.16%	7.38%
1991	5.13%	6.95%
1992	5.16%	6.52%
1993	5.23%	6.11%
1994	5.28%	5.73%
1995	5.26%	5.35%
1996	5.16%	5%
1997	4.99%	4.66%
1998	4.76%	4.33%
1999	4.51%	4.03%
2000	4.25%	3.74%
2001	3.99%	3.47%
2002	3.76%	3.22%
2003	3.54%	2.99%
2004	3.33%	2.77%
2005	3.12%	2.57%
2006	2.9%	2.38%
2007	2.69%	2.21%
2008	2.47%	2.06%
2009	2.25%	1.92%
2010	2.04%	1.79%
2011	1.83%	1.68%
2012	1.63%	1.58%
2013	1.46%	1.49%
2014	1.3%	1.4%
2015	1.19%	1.33%
2016	1.1%	1.26%
2017	1.05%	1.2%
2018	1.03%	1.15%
2019	1.02%	1.1%
2020	1.01%	1.05%
2021	1%	1.01%
2022	0.98%	0.96%
2023	0.96%	1.28%