Fertility & birth rates in Sri Lanka and Tonga

Fertility rate in Sri Lanka vs Tonga chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sri Lanka was 1.97 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sri Lanka vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sri Lanka	Tonga
1960	5.35	6.65
1961	5.24	6.61
1962	5.18	6.57
1963	5.12	6.52
1964	5.06	6.46
1965	4.93	6.41
1966	4.83	6.35
1967	4.79	6.29
1968	4.66	6.23
1969	4.5	6.17
1970	4.39	6.07
1971	4.27	5.96
1972	4.16	5.86
1973	4	5.8
1974	3.86	5.77
1975	3.82	5.75
1976	3.78	5.73
1977	3.74	5.7
1978	3.81	5.68
1979	3.82	5.65
1980	3.73	5.6
1981	3.65	5.55
1982	3.32	5.5
1983	3.11	5.45
1984	3.01	5.41
1985	2.9	5.34
1986	2.74	5.27
1987	2.64	5.19
1988	2.57	5.1
1989	2.58	5.01
1990	2.54	4.93
1991	2.51	4.85
1992	2.49	4.79
1993	2.44	4.73
1994	2.4	4.66
1995	2.35	4.56
1996	2.29	4.46
1997	2.22	4.38
1998	2.14	4.31
1999	2.14	4.23
2000	2.21	4.16
2001	2.28	4.13
2002	2.31	4.14
2003	2.3	4.18
2004	2.27	4.19
2005	2.26	4.2
2006	2.29	4.14
2007	2.3	4.09
2008	2.23	4.01
2009	2.18	3.95
2010	2.13	3.88
2011	2.14	3.83
2012	2.17	3.77
2013	2.18	3.7
2014	2.13	3.62
2015	2.09	3.54
2016	2.06	3.46
2017	2.04	3.39
2018	2.03	3.33
2019	2.02	3.27
2020	2.01	3.23
2021	2	3.2
2022	1.98	3.17
2023	1.97	3.13
2024	1.95	3.1
2025	1.94	3.07
2026	1.93	3.04
2027	1.91	3
2028	1.9	2.97
2029	1.89	2.95
2030	1.88	2.91
2031	1.87	2.89
2032	1.86	2.85
2033	1.85	2.82
2034	1.85	2.8
2035	1.84	2.77
2036	1.83	2.75
2037	1.83	2.72
2038	1.82	2.7
2039	1.81	2.68
2040	1.81	2.65
2041	1.8	2.63
2042	1.8	2.61
2043	1.8	2.59
2044	1.79	2.56
2045	1.79	2.54
2046	1.79	2.52
2047	1.78	2.5
2048	1.78	2.49
2049	1.77	2.47
2050	1.77	2.45

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sri Lanka	Tonga
1960	41%	45.7%
1961	40.9%	45.7%
1962	40.8%	45.8%
1963	40.7%	45.9%
1964	40.6%	45.9%
1965	40.5%	45.9%
1966	40.4%	45.9%
1967	40.3%	46%
1968	40.1%	46.2%
1969	39.9%	46.3%
1970	39.7%	46.4%
1971	39.5%	46.4%
1972	39.2%	46.3%
1973	38.8%	46.2%
1974	38.4%	46.2%
1975	38%	46.2%
1976	37.6%	46.1%
1977	37.2%	45.8%
1978	36.9%	45.3%
1979	36.7%	44.8%
1980	36.4%	44.3%
1981	36.2%	43.9%
1982	36%	43.4%
1983	35.8%	42.9%
1984	35.5%	42.4%
1985	35.2%	42%
1986	34.6%	41.7%
1987	34%	41.5%
1988	33.5%	41.2%
1989	33%	40.9%
1990	32.5%	40.8%
1991	32.1%	40.6%
1992	31.4%	40.5%
1993	30.6%	40.3%
1994	29.9%	40.1%
1995	29.2%	39.9%
1996	28.6%	39.7%
1997	28.2%	39.3%
1998	27.8%	38.9%
1999	27.4%	38.6%
2000	27%	38.3%
2001	26.6%	38.2%
2002	26.3%	38.1%
2003	26.1%	38.1%
2004	26%	38.2%
2005	25.8%	38.3%
2006	25.7%	38.3%
2007	25.7%	38.3%
2008	25.6%	38%
2009	25.5%	37.8%
2010	25.4%	37.6%
2011	25.3%	37.4%
2012	25.2%	37.2%
2013	25%	37.1%
2014	24.9%	36.9%
2015	24.7%	36.7%
2016	24.5%	36.5%
2017	24.2%	36.4%
2018	24%	36.2%
2019	23.7%	36%
2020	23.3%	35.8%
2021	23%	35.7%
2022	22.7%	35.6%
2023	22.4%	35.6%
2024	22%	35.4%
2025	21.7%	34.9%
2026	21.4%	34.4%
2027	21.1%	33.8%
2028	20.8%	33.3%
2029	20.5%	32.6%
2030	20.2%	32%
2031	20%	31.6%
2032	19.8%	31.2%
2033	19.6%	31%
2034	19.4%	30.8%
2035	19.2%	30.7%
2036	19.1%	30.5%
2037	18.9%	30.4%
2038	18.8%	30.3%
2039	18.7%	30.2%
2040	18.6%	30.1%
2041	18.4%	30.1%
2042	18.3%	30%
2043	18.2%	30%
2044	18.1%	29.9%
2045	18%	29.8%
2046	17.9%	29.6%
2047	17.7%	29.5%
2048	17.6%	29.2%
2049	17.5%	29%
2050	17.3%	28.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 22% of the population in Sri Lanka and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 32.5% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sri Lanka and Tonga compared.

Natural population change in Sri Lanka vs Tonga by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.75% in Sri Lanka and +1.79% in Tonga. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sri Lanka	Tonga
1960	247,631	2,230
1961	251,087	2,284
1962	256,719	2,343
1963	262,880	2,394
1964	269,584	2,445
1965	272,422	2,498
1966	275,549	2,550
1967	284,738	2,603
1968	286,642	2,614
1969	286,218	2,632
1970	286,719	2,628
1971	281,200	2,611
1972	282,494	2,605
1973	278,577	2,617
1974	275,521	2,650
1975	282,496	2,709
1976	291,816	2,769
1977	300,038	2,822
1978	317,055	2,862
1979	329,791	2,884
1980	328,155	2,885
1981	328,096	2,882
1982	300,030	2,853
1983	277,768	2,840
1984	263,175	2,814
1985	247,836	2,762
1986	233,782	2,704
1987	226,414	2,646
1988	219,184	2,649
1989	212,401	2,644
1990	224,454	2,641
1991	218,117	2,637
1992	222,230	2,622
1993	226,257	2,594
1994	228,904	2,547
1995	221,957	2,476
1996	215,290	2,393
1997	208,193	2,332
1998	201,059	2,344
1999	206,876	2,352
2000	227,060	2,346
2001	244,377	2,358
2002	252,840	2,396
2003	252,008	2,448
2004	212,527	2,478
2005	248,683	2,495
2006	248,706	2,459
2007	248,287	2,423
2008	232,225	2,397
2009	200,175	2,358
2010	224,325	2,332
2011	224,461	2,298
2012	229,138	2,255
2013	221,021	2,199
2014	211,541	2,135
2015	201,815	2,064
2016	194,232	1,989
2017	187,993	1,912
2018	183,610	1,873
2019	172,243	1,841
2020	170,968	1,816
2021	121,858	1,773
2022	95,378	1,772
2023	66,111	1,744

Maternal mortality chart: Sri Lanka vs Tonga

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 18 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sri Lanka, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sri Lanka	Tonga
1985	68	148
1986	66	149
1987	64	147
1988	62	145
1989	61	139
1990	59	138
1991	57	134
1992	54	129
1993	51	127
1994	49	123
1995	48	117
1996	47	113
1997	45	111
1998	43	104
1999	41	99
2000	39	100
2001	37	98
2002	36	98
2003	35	95
2004	37	92
2005	32	92
2006	32	89
2007	31	88
2008	30	88
2009	28	91
2010	26	85
2011	25	84
2012	24	83
2013	23	80
2014	23	80
2015	22	79
2016	22	78
2017	21	77
2018	21	74
2019	20	73
2020	23	74
2021	34	76
2022	22	72
2023	18	67

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.61% in Sri Lanka and 0.99% in Tonga. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sri Lanka	Tonga
1960	9.41%	-
1961	8.95%	-
1962	8.66%	-
1963	8.48%	7.83%
1964	8.3%	7.35%
1965	8.07%	6.89%
1966	7.81%	6.45%
1967	7.55%	6.03%
1968	7.32%	5.63%
1969	7.14%	5.25%
1970	7.02%	4.91%
1971	6.94%	4.61%
1972	6.86%	4.35%
1973	6.77%	4.11%
1974	6.62%	3.9%
1975	6.41%	3.71%
1976	6.12%	3.53%
1977	5.77%	3.37%
1978	5.38%	3.22%
1979	4.99%	3.09%
1980	4.63%	2.97%
1981	4.29%	2.87%
1982	3.98%	2.78%
1983	3.67%	2.7%
1984	3.35%	2.63%
1985	3.02%	2.57%
1986	2.74%	2.51%
1987	2.54%	2.44%
1988	2.41%	2.37%
1989	2.74%	2.29%
1990	2.33%	2.21%
1991	2.32%	2.14%
1992	2.29%	2.06%
1993	2.22%	2%
1994	2.14%	1.94%
1995	2.05%	1.89%
1996	1.95%	1.85%
1997	1.86%	1.81%
1998	1.76%	1.78%
1999	1.69%	1.74%
2000	1.63%	1.7%
2001	1.58%	1.65%
2002	1.55%	1.61%
2003	1.52%	1.56%
2004	2.88%	1.52%
2005	1.4%	1.48%
2006	1.33%	1.44%
2007	1.26%	1.41%
2008	1.2%	1.37%
2009	2.08%	1.34%
2010	1.12%	1.31%
2011	1.08%	1.29%
2012	1.03%	1.26%
2013	0.98%	1.24%
2014	0.92%	1.22%
2015	0.87%	1.19%
2016	0.83%	1.17%
2017	0.79%	1.15%
2018	0.76%	1.12%
2019	0.72%	1.1%
2020	0.69%	1.08%
2021	0.66%	1.05%
2022	0.64%	1.02%
2023	0.61%	0.99%