Fertility & birth rates in Pakistan and Sri Lanka

Fertility rate in Pakistan vs Sri Lanka chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Pakistan was 3.61 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.97 in Sri Lanka in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Pakistan vs Sri Lanka population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Pakistan	Sri Lanka
1960	6.8	5.35
1961	6.8	5.24
1962	6.8	5.18
1963	6.8	5.12
1964	6.8	5.06
1965	6.8	4.93
1966	6.8	4.83
1967	6.8	4.79
1968	6.8	4.66
1969	6.8	4.5
1970	6.8	4.39
1971	6.8	4.27
1972	6.81	4.16
1973	6.81	4
1974	6.81	3.86
1975	6.81	3.82
1976	6.81	3.78
1977	6.8	3.74
1978	6.78	3.81
1979	6.76	3.82
1980	6.73	3.73
1981	6.7	3.65
1982	6.67	3.32
1983	6.64	3.11
1984	6.62	3.01
1985	6.59	2.9
1986	6.55	2.74
1987	6.52	2.64
1988	6.48	2.57
1989	6.43	2.58
1990	6.36	2.54
1991	6.29	2.51
1992	6.21	2.49
1993	6.11	2.44
1994	6.01	2.4
1995	5.89	2.35
1996	5.77	2.29
1997	5.64	2.22
1998	5.51	2.14
1999	5.46	2.14
2000	5.35	2.21
2001	5.18	2.28
2002	5.01	2.31
2003	4.89	2.3
2004	4.68	2.27
2005	4.6	2.26
2006	4.59	2.29
2007	4.55	2.3
2008	4.51	2.23
2009	4.47	2.18
2010	4.4	2.13
2011	4.31	2.14
2012	4.2	2.17
2013	4.13	2.18
2014	4.06	2.13
2015	3.99	2.09
2016	3.9	2.06
2017	3.9	2.04
2018	3.86	2.03
2019	3.81	2.02
2020	3.77	2.01
2021	3.72	2
2022	3.66	1.98
2023	3.61	1.97
2024	3.55	1.95
2025	3.5	1.94
2026	3.44	1.93
2027	3.39	1.91
2028	3.34	1.9
2029	3.3	1.89
2030	3.25	1.88
2031	3.21	1.87
2032	3.16	1.86
2033	3.12	1.85
2034	3.08	1.85
2035	3.04	1.84
2036	3.01	1.83
2037	2.97	1.83
2038	2.94	1.82
2039	2.9	1.81
2040	2.87	1.81
2041	2.83	1.8
2042	2.8	1.8
2043	2.77	1.8
2044	2.74	1.79
2045	2.71	1.79
2046	2.69	1.79
2047	2.66	1.78
2048	2.63	1.78
2049	2.61	1.77
2050	2.58	1.77

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Pakistan	Sri Lanka
1960	41.3%	41%
1961	41.4%	40.9%
1962	41.6%	40.8%
1963	41.8%	40.7%
1964	42.2%	40.6%
1965	42.7%	40.5%
1966	43%	40.4%
1967	43.3%	40.3%
1968	43.5%	40.1%
1969	43.7%	39.9%
1970	43.9%	39.7%
1971	44%	39.5%
1972	44.1%	39.2%
1973	44.1%	38.8%
1974	44.1%	38.4%
1975	44.1%	38%
1976	44%	37.6%
1977	43.9%	37.2%
1978	43.8%	36.9%
1979	43.7%	36.7%
1980	43.3%	36.4%
1981	43.1%	36.2%
1982	43%	36%
1983	43.1%	35.8%
1984	43.3%	35.5%
1985	43.5%	35.2%
1986	43.6%	34.6%
1987	43.7%	34%
1988	43.8%	33.5%
1989	44%	33%
1990	44.1%	32.5%
1991	44.1%	32.1%
1992	44.3%	31.4%
1993	44.5%	30.6%
1994	44.5%	29.9%
1995	44.5%	29.2%
1996	44.3%	28.6%
1997	44.1%	28.2%
1998	43.9%	27.8%
1999	43.6%	27.4%
2000	43.3%	27%
2001	42.9%	26.6%
2002	42.6%	26.3%
2003	42.3%	26.1%
2004	41.8%	26%
2005	41.3%	25.8%
2006	40.9%	25.7%
2007	40.4%	25.7%
2008	40%	25.6%
2009	39.6%	25.5%
2010	39.3%	25.4%
2011	39.1%	25.3%
2012	39%	25.2%
2013	38.9%	25%
2014	38.9%	24.9%
2015	38.8%	24.7%
2016	38.6%	24.5%
2017	38.5%	24.2%
2018	38.3%	24%
2019	38.1%	23.7%
2020	37.9%	23.3%
2021	37.6%	23%
2022	37.3%	22.7%
2023	37%	22.4%
2024	36.7%	22%
2025	36.2%	21.7%
2026	35.8%	21.4%
2027	35.3%	21.1%
2028	34.9%	20.8%
2029	34.5%	20.5%
2030	34.2%	20.2%
2031	33.8%	20%
2032	33.5%	19.8%
2033	33.3%	19.6%
2034	33%	19.4%
2035	32.7%	19.2%
2036	32.5%	19.1%
2037	32.2%	18.9%
2038	32%	18.8%
2039	31.7%	18.7%
2040	31.5%	18.6%
2041	31.3%	18.4%
2042	31%	18.3%
2043	30.8%	18.2%
2044	30.5%	18.1%
2045	30.3%	18%
2046	30%	17.9%
2047	29.7%	17.7%
2048	29.5%	17.6%
2049	29.2%	17.5%
2050	28.9%	17.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 36.7% of the population in Pakistan and 22% in Sri Lanka in 2024, compared to 44.1% and 32.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Pakistan and Sri Lanka compared.

Natural population change in Pakistan vs Sri Lanka by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.23% in Pakistan and +0.75% in Sri Lanka. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Pakistan	Sri Lanka
1960	1,217,147	247,631
1961	1,273,772	251,087
1962	1,328,675	256,719
1963	1,384,934	262,880
1964	1,447,394	269,584
1965	1,496,050	272,422
1966	1,566,343	275,549
1967	1,626,737	284,738
1968	1,683,296	286,642
1969	1,733,601	286,218
1970	1,793,570	286,719
1971	1,695,374	281,200
1972	1,912,774	282,494
1973	1,971,909	278,577
1974	2,028,061	275,521
1975	2,099,811	282,496
1976	2,171,812	291,816
1977	2,257,849	300,038
1978	2,356,601	317,055
1979	2,461,311	329,791
1980	2,598,421	328,155
1981	2,790,454	328,096
1982	2,934,689	300,030
1983	3,052,738	277,768
1984	3,145,772	263,175
1985	3,233,315	247,836
1986	3,341,643	233,782
1987	3,448,813	226,414
1988	3,554,755	219,184
1989	3,648,132	212,401
1990	3,731,730	224,454
1991	3,822,363	218,117
1992	3,888,637	222,230
1993	3,915,776	226,257
1994	3,956,699	228,904
1995	3,977,175	221,957
1996	4,021,758	215,290
1997	4,043,912	208,193
1998	4,104,824	201,059
1999	4,228,026	206,876
2000	4,281,169	227,060
2001	4,304,297	244,377
2002	4,307,607	252,840
2003	4,340,688	252,008
2004	4,294,654	212,527
2005	4,294,393	248,683
2006	4,538,426	248,706
2007	4,690,187	248,287
2008	4,885,855	232,225
2009	5,028,132	200,175
2010	5,147,142	224,325
2011	5,189,412	224,461
2012	5,191,263	229,138
2013	5,176,590	221,021
2014	5,148,994	211,541
2015	5,113,507	201,815
2016	5,044,922	194,232
2017	5,090,200	187,993
2018	5,103,858	183,610
2019	5,127,011	172,243
2020	5,011,177	170,968
2021	5,065,913	121,858
2022	5,268,077	95,378
2023	5,281,745	66,111

Maternal mortality chart: Pakistan vs Sri Lanka

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in Pakistan, compared to 18 deaths in Sri Lanka.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Pakistan	Sri Lanka
1985	432	68
1986	436	66
1987	442	64
1988	441	62
1989	439	61
1990	434	59
1991	443	57
1992	459	54
1993	473	51
1994	479	49
1995	485	48
1996	482	47
1997	476	45
1998	456	43
1999	438	41
2000	419	39
2001	400	37
2002	380	36
2003	358	35
2004	333	37
2005	316	32
2006	284	32
2007	265	31
2008	254	30
2009	246	28
2010	240	26
2011	234	25
2012	227	24
2013	220	23
2014	211	23
2015	202	22
2016	193	22
2017	184	21
2018	178	21
2019	173	20
2020	178	23
2021	193	34
2022	160	22
2023	155	18

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 5.85% in Pakistan and 0.61% in Sri Lanka. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Pakistan	Sri Lanka
1960	25%	9.41%
1961	24.1%	8.95%
1962	23.3%	8.66%
1963	22.5%	8.48%
1964	21.8%	8.3%
1965	21.2%	8.07%
1966	20.6%	7.81%
1967	20.2%	7.55%
1968	19.7%	7.32%
1969	19.4%	7.14%
1970	19%	7.02%
1971	18.7%	6.94%
1972	18.4%	6.86%
1973	18.1%	6.77%
1974	17.8%	6.62%
1975	17.6%	6.41%
1976	17.4%	6.12%
1977	17.1%	5.77%
1978	16.9%	5.38%
1979	16.7%	4.99%
1980	16.5%	4.63%
1981	16.3%	4.29%
1982	16.1%	3.98%
1983	15.8%	3.67%
1984	15.6%	3.35%
1985	15.3%	3.02%
1986	15%	2.74%
1987	14.8%	2.54%
1988	14.5%	2.41%
1989	14.2%	2.74%
1990	14%	2.33%
1991	13.7%	2.32%
1992	13.4%	2.29%
1993	13.1%	2.22%
1994	12.8%	2.14%
1995	12.5%	2.05%
1996	12.1%	1.95%
1997	11.8%	1.86%
1998	11.5%	1.76%
1999	11.1%	1.69%
2000	10.8%	1.63%
2001	10.5%	1.58%
2002	10.3%	1.55%
2003	10.1%	1.52%
2004	9.85%	2.88%
2005	9.65%	1.4%
2006	9.47%	1.33%
2007	9.29%	1.26%
2008	9.1%	1.2%
2009	8.91%	2.08%
2010	8.71%	1.12%
2011	8.49%	1.08%
2012	8.27%	1.03%
2013	8.04%	0.98%
2014	7.8%	0.92%
2015	7.56%	0.87%
2016	7.33%	0.83%
2017	7.1%	0.79%
2018	6.88%	0.76%
2019	6.67%	0.72%
2020	6.46%	0.69%
2021	6.25%	0.66%
2022	6.05%	0.64%
2023	5.85%	0.61%