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Romania vs Slovakia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Romania has a population of 19.1M (ranked 67/197), compared with 5.42M in Slovakia (ranked 119/197). Romania's land area is 88,834 sq mi versus 18,564 sq mi for Slovakia (ranked 80th vs. 128th).

By GDP, Romania ranks 42/197 ($383B) and Slovakia ranks 61/197 ($141B). By GDP per capita, Romania ranks 58/197 ($20,080), while Slovakia ranks 47/197 ($25,993).

Main facts and rankings

Romania Slovakia
Population
18839108
5359438
Population rank 70/197 125/197
GDP
$383B
2024
$141B
2024
GDP rank 42/197 61/197
GDP per capita
$20,080
2024
$25,993
2024
GDP per capita rank 58/197 47/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,077
2024
$48,132
2024
Government debt
$220B
2024
$80.7B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
57.4%
2024
57.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,533
2024
$14,876
2024
Government debt per person rank 48/185 40/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$13,912
2026
$17,983
2026
Land area 88,834 sq mi 18,564 sq mi
Population density
212.1 ppl/mi²
2026
288.7 ppl/mi²
2026
Fertility rate
1.71
2023
1.49
2023
Median age
43.8 years
2024
42.7 years
2024
Life expectancy
76.4 years
2026
78.8 years
2026

Romania and Slovakia: Comparison Charts

Romania and Slovakia economies compared

GDP
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year GDP
Romania Slovakia
2024 $382,564,217,989 $140,934,076,532
2023 $347,757,995,759 $133,578,518,424
2022 $295,319,437,557 $115,792,972,358
2021 $285,071,280,114 $120,511,265,913
2020 $250,625,048,304 $107,732,602,896
2019 $250,080,428,512 $105,843,498,304
2018 $241,791,427,224 $106,611,673,365
2017 $210,147,385,855 $95,978,130,735
2016 $185,290,759,249 $90,347,173,229
2015 $177,885,131,240 $89,178,548,717
2014 $199,722,319,676 $101,713,075,599
2013 $189,798,603,751 $99,134,277,850
2012 $179,117,323,107 $94,724,394,278
2011 $192,623,977,894 $99,705,104,723
2010 $170,064,350,672 $91,112,160,801
2009 $174,110,532,659 $89,342,984,698
2008 $214,315,932,061 $100,830,060,553
2007 $174,588,782,939 $86,587,749,518
2006 $122,023,735,993 $70,751,813,443
2005 $98,454,380,120 $62,547,753,148
2004 $74,973,656,852 $57,215,475,076
2003 $57,806,384,143 $46,616,149,117
2002 $46,065,502,703 $35,243,658,399
2001 $40,395,116,581 $30,726,659,551
2000 $37,253,739,511 $29,215,726,005
1999 $35,953,156,754 $30,496,272,225
1998 $41,696,091,974 $29,976,207,629
1997 $35,575,214,078 $27,844,628,979
1996 $36,937,074,278 $28,197,790,875
1995 $37,430,162,103 $26,180,022,222
1994 $30,072,805,104 $20,428,139,756
1993 $26,361,160,450 $16,737,973,764
1992 $25,121,666,667 $15,699,327,209
1991 $28,850,634,900 $14,459,924,589
1990 $38,247,882,300 $12,915,046,978
1989 $41,450,777,202 -
1988 $40,424,528,302 -
1987 $38,067,567,568 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Romania and Slovakia economies compared

GDP per capita
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year GDP per capita
Romania Slovakia
2024 $20,080 $25,993
2023 $18,244 $24,615
2022 $15,504 $21,318
2021 $14,908 $22,123
2020 $13,009 $19,735
2019 $12,910 $19,406
2018 $12,416 $19,573
2017 $10,728 $17,646
2016 $9,405 $16,636
2015 $8,977 $16,442
2014 $10,032 $18,771
2013 $9,498 $18,313
2012 $8,930 $17,517
2011 $9,561 $18,469
2010 $8,400 $16,899
2009 $8,548 $16,587
2008 $10,435 $18,744
2007 $8,360 $16,110
2006 $5,758 $13,168
2005 $4,618 $11,642
2004 $3,495 $10,650
2003 $2,679 $8,675
2002 $2,120 $6,555
2001 $1,825 $5,712
2000 $1,660 $5,422
1999 $1,600 $5,652
1998 $1,853 $5,561
1997 $1,577 $5,172
1996 $1,633 $5,248
1995 $1,650 $4,883
1994 $1,323 $3,821
1993 $1,158 $3,143
1992 $1,102 $2,959
1991 $1,254 $2,727
1990 $1,648 $2,437
1989 $1,790 -
1988 $1,753 -
1987 $1,659 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Romania vs. Slovakia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year Life expectancy, years
Romania Slovakia
2026 76.4 78.8
2025 76.2 78.7
2024 76.1 78.5
2023 75.9 78.3
2022 75.3 77
2021 72.7 74.6
2020 74 76.9
2019 75.3 77.7
2018 75.1 77.3
2017 75 77.2
2016 75 77.2
2015 74.7 76.7
2014 74.8 76.8
2013 74.9 76.5
2012 74.3 76.2
2011 74.3 76
2010 73.6 75.5
2009 73.5 75.2
2008 73.2 74.9
2007 72.8 74.5
2006 72.2 74.4
2005 71.6 74.2
2004 71.1 74.2
2003 70.8 73.8
2002 70.8 73.8
2001 71.1 73.6
2000 71.2 73.1
1999 70.6 73
1998 69.9 72.6
1997 69.1 72.7
1996 68.8 72.7
1995 69.3 72.3
1994 69.3 72.3
1993 69.5 71.9
1992 69.5 71.4
1991 70 70.9
1990 69.8 70.8
1989 69.5 70.9
1988 69.4 71.1
1987 69.1 71.1
1986 69.7 70.9
1985 69.4 70.7
1984 69.9 70.7
1983 69.8 70.5
1982 69.8 70.8
1981 69.5 70.6
1980 69.2 70.4
1979 69.5 70.7
1978 69.8 70.4
1977 69.5 70.4
1976 69.9 70.5
1975 69.6 70.3
1974 69.5 70.2
1973 68.7 70
1972 69 70.3
1971 68.4 69.9
1970 67.9 69.7
1969 67.2 69.8
1968 67.9 70.5
1967 68.1 71
1966 68.2 70.4
1965 68.4 70.3
1964 68.4 71.1
1963 67.8 70.7
1962 67.2 70.3
1961 66.4 70.8
1960 65.6 70.3
1959 64.9 69
1958 64.4 69.4
1957 64 67.5
1956 63.6 68.4
1955 63.3 67.8
1954 63 66.7
1953 62.5 65.7
1952 61.8 64.3
1951 61.2 61.1
1950 60.5 60.8

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Romania and Slovakia population clocks and comparison

Population
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year Population
Romania Slovakia
2024 19,051,804 5,422,069
2023 19,061,062 5,426,740
2022 19,048,502 5,431,752
2021 19,122,059 5,447,247
2020 19,265,250 5,458,827
2019 19,371,648 5,454,147
2018 19,473,970 5,446,771
2017 19,588,715 5,439,232
2016 19,702,267 5,430,798
2015 19,815,616 5,423,801
2014 19,908,979 5,418,649
2013 19,983,693 5,413,393
2012 20,058,035 5,407,579
2011 20,147,528 5,398,384
2010 20,246,871 5,391,428
2009 20,367,487 5,386,406
2008 20,537,875 5,379,233
2007 20,882,982 5,374,622
2006 21,193,760 5,373,054
2005 21,319,685 5,372,807
2004 21,451,748 5,372,280
2003 21,574,326 5,373,374
2002 21,730,496 5,376,912
2001 22,131,970 5,378,867
2000 22,442,971 5,388,720
1999 22,472,040 5,396,020
1998 22,507,344 5,390,516
1997 22,553,978 5,383,291
1996 22,619,004 5,373,361
1995 22,684,270 5,361,999
1994 22,730,211 5,346,331
1993 22,763,280 5,325,305
1992 22,794,284 5,305,016
1991 23,001,155 5,303,294
1990 23,201,835 5,299,187
1989 23,161,458 5,275,942
1988 23,057,662 5,250,596
1987 22,949,430 5,222,840
1986 22,836,841 5,193,838
1985 22,732,999 5,161,768
1984 22,640,547 5,127,097
1983 22,560,478 5,091,971
1982 22,475,741 5,055,099
1981 22,353,070 5,016,105
1980 22,207,282 4,979,815
1979 22,090,488 4,938,973
1978 21,951,464 4,890,125
1977 21,756,096 4,840,501
1976 21,551,634 4,789,507
1975 21,293,583 4,739,105
1974 21,029,429 4,689,623
1973 20,835,681 4,641,445
1972 20,657,957 4,596,622
1971 20,461,567 4,557,449
1970 20,250,398 4,538,223
1969 20,009,141 4,518,607
1968 19,799,831 4,483,915
1967 19,534,242 4,449,367
1966 19,215,450 4,411,666
1965 19,031,576 4,370,983
1964 18,919,126 4,327,341
1963 18,797,850 4,282,017
1962 18,676,550 4,238,188
1961 18,555,250 4,191,667
1960 18,406,905 4,068,095

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Fertility rates in Romania and Slovakia

Fertility rate
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year Fertility rate
Romania Slovakia
2023 1.71 1.49
2022 1.71 1.57
2021 1.81 1.63
2020 1.8 1.59
2019 1.77 1.57
2018 1.76 1.54
2017 1.78 1.52
2016 1.69 1.48
2015 1.62 1.4
2014 1.56 1.37
2013 1.46 1.34
2012 1.52 1.34
2011 1.47 1.45
2010 1.59 1.43
2009 1.66 1.44
2008 1.6 1.34
2007 1.45 1.27
2006 1.42 1.25
2005 1.4 1.27
2004 1.33 1.25
2003 1.3 1.2
2002 1.27 1.19
2001 1.27 1.2
2000 1.31 1.3
1999 1.3 1.33
1998 1.32 1.37
1997 1.32 1.43
1996 1.3 1.47
1995 1.33 1.52
1994 1.4 1.67
1993 1.43 1.87
1992 1.51 1.93
1991 1.59 2.05
1990 1.83 2.09
1989 2.22 2.07
1988 2.3 2.13
1987 2.38 2.14
1986 2.39 2.2
1985 2.31 2.26
1984 2.26 2.26
1983 2.06 2.28
1982 2.17 2.28
1981 2.36 2.29
1980 2.43 2.32
1979 2.49 2.45
1978 2.52 2.47
1977 2.57 2.49
1976 2.54 2.55
1975 2.59 2.55
1974 2.71 2.61
1973 2.44 2.56
1972 2.55 2.49
1971 2.67 2.43
1970 2.89 2.41
1969 3.19 2.43
1968 3.63 2.39
1967 3.66 2.48
1966 1.9 2.66
1965 1.91 2.78
1964 1.96 2.89
1963 2.01 2.92
1962 2.04 2.83
1961 2.17 2.96
1960 2.34 3.04

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Romania and Slovakia demographics compared

Median age
Romania

Slovakia
1x
Year Median age, years
Romania Slovakia
2024 43.8 42.7
2023 43.5 42.3
2022 43.3 41.9
2021 43.2 41.5
2020 42.9 41.2
2019 42.6 40.8
2018 42.3 40.4
2017 42 40
2016 41.7 39.6
2015 41.3 39.2
2014 40.9 38.8
2013 40.5 38.4
2012 40.2 38
2011 39.8 37.6
2010 39.3 37.3
2009 38.8 36.9
2008 38.2 36.6
2007 37.7 36.2
2006 37.3 35.8
2005 37 35.5
2004 36.6 35.2
2003 36 34.9
2002 35.3 34.6
2001 34.8 34.3
2000 34.8 33.9
1999 34.7 33.6
1998 34.6 33.3
1997 34.4 33
1996 34.2 32.7
1995 34 32.5
1994 33.8 32.2
1993 33.6 31.9
1992 33.3 31.7
1991 33.1 31.5
1990 33 31.3
1989 32.9 31.1
1988 32.8 30.8
1987 32.8 30.6
1986 32.7 30.3
1985 32.5 30.1
1984 32.3 29.8
1983 32.1 29.6
1982 32 29.4
1981 31.9 29.1
1980 31.8 28.9
1979 31.7 28.8
1978 31.7 28.6
1977 31.8 28.5
1976 31.8 28.4
1975 31.7 28.4
1974 31.6 28.4
1973 31.5 28.4
1972 31.5 28.3
1971 31.4 28.3
1970 31.4 28.3
1969 31.3 28.3
1968 31.3 28.2
1967 31.3 28.1
1966 31 28
1965 30.6 28
1964 30.2 27.9
1963 29.7 27.9
1962 29.3 27.8
1961 28.9 27.7
1960 28.5 27.6

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/slovakia | CC BY

Interactive Maps

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National statistics comparison

Finance

Romania Slovakia
GNI, Atlas method
$335B
2024
$128B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
39.9%
2024
47.1%
2024
Education expenditure, % of GDP
3.28%
2022
4.66%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.3%
2024
2.01%
2024
Armed forces personnel
128,000
2020
18,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-8.68%
2024
-5.27%
2024
Unemployment rate
5.43%
2024
5.34%
2024
Services, % of GDP
62.6%
2024
60%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.3%
2024
28.9%
2024
Economic freedom index
65.4
2026
67.7
2026
Income share by richest 10%
21.8%
2023
18.8%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.4%
2023
3.3%
2023
Number of billionaires
6
2025
2
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.00004%
2025
0.00005%
2025
Listed domestic companies
83
2024
67
2013
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$47.4B
2024
$5.38B
2014
Total reserves including gold
$73.4B
2024
$14.5B
2024
Personal remittances received
$9.53B
2024
$2.95B
2024
International tourist arrivals
5,023,000
2020
15,299,000
2018
International tourism as share of exports
1.73%
2020
1.43%
2020
Banked people share
71.3%
2024
92.2%
2024

Energy

Romania Slovakia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
1,601 kg
2023
3,055 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$28.7
2023
$15.1
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
70.9 megatons
2024
29.9 megatons
2024
CO2 emissions per capita
3.72 tons
2024
5.51 tons
2024
Fossil fuel energy use share
70.4%
2022
59.5%
2023
Renewable energy use share
23.6%
2021
17.9%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
17.5%
2023
31.9%
2023
Net energy imports use share
28.1%
2023
57.9%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
2,585 kWh
2023
4,674 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
44.9%
2021
23.6%
2021
Hydroelectric share
32.2%
2023
16.8%
2023
Nuclear share
19.3%
2023
61.3%
2023
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Romania Slovakia
% of world population
0.23%
2024
0.07%
2024
Annual migration change
-29,041
2025
-31,377
2025
Urban population
52.2%
2024
53.2%
2024
Male:Female ratio
48.4:51.6
2024
48.8:51.2
2024
Average male height
5.83 ft
2025
5.94 ft
2025
Average female height
5.4 ft
2025
5.48 ft
2025
Quality of life index
71.2
2026
73
2026
Corruption Perceptions Index
45
2025
48
2025
Higher education index
69
2026
75
2026
Homicides per 100K people
1.12
2024
1.12
2023
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
10.3
2019
6.1
2019
Visa free countries
170
2025
171
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.2%
2021
99.6%
2004
English speaking
31%
2023
25.9%
2023
People using the Internet
91.3%
2024
89.8%
2024

Health

Romania Slovakia
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,051
2023
$1,813
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$241.3
2023
$365
2023
Life expectancy
76.4 years
2026
78.8 years
2026
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0%
2023
n/a
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.63
2022
3.7
2022
Age at first childbirth
27.1 years
2023
27.3 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
12
2023
4
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age
6.6
2023
6.1
2023
Obesity rate
35%
2022
27.6%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
7.5%
2024
7.1%
2024
Air quality index
50
2026
57
2026
Tobacco use prevalence
30%
2022
32.4%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
16.8 liters
2020
10.7 liters
2020

Territory

Romania Slovakia
% of world land
0.15%
2026
0.03%
2026
Land area per capita
4,663 sq mi
2024
3,424 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
49,093 sq mi
2026
7,046 sq mi
2026
Forest area
26,753 sq mi
2026
7,436 sq mi
2026
Roads length
53,964 mi
2024
24,224 mi
2018

In-depth comparisons

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  6. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  7. World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  8. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  9. Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  10. Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
  11. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  12. EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)

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