Moldova vs Romania comparison: 74 facts & rankings

Moldova has a population of 2.4M (ranked 143/197), compared with 19.1M in Romania (ranked 67/197). Moldova's land area is 12,714 sq mi versus 88,834 sq mi for Romania (ranked 135th vs. 80th).

By GDP, Moldova ranks 134/197 ($18.2B) and Romania ranks 42/197 ($383B). By GDP per capita, Moldova ranks 99/197 ($7,576), while Romania ranks 58/197 ($20,080).

Main facts and rankings

	Moldova	Romania
Population	2341166	18839108
Population rank	145/197	70/197
GDP	$18.2B 2024	$383B 2024
GDP rank	134/197	42/197
GDP per capita	$7,576 2024	$20,080 2024
GDP per capita rank	99/197	58/197
GDP per capita, PPP	$18,615 2024	$49,077 2024
Government debt	$7.06B 2024	$220B 2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio	38.8% 2024	57.4% 2024
Government debt per person	$2,938 2024	$11,533 2024
Government debt per person rank	102/185	48/185
Average annual personal income after taxes	$4,291 2026	$13,912 2026
Land area	12,714 sq mi	88,834 sq mi
Population density	184.1 ppl/mi² 2026	212.1 ppl/mi² 2026
Fertility rate	1.73 2023	1.71 2023
Median age	39.1 years 2024	43.8 years 2024
Life expectancy	71.6 years 2026	76.4 years 2026

Moldova and Romania: Comparison Charts

Moldova and Romania economies compared

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Year	GDP
Year	Moldova	Romania
2024	$18,200,340,854	$382,564,217,989
2023	$16,711,906,746	$347,757,995,759
2022	$14,525,337,524	$295,319,437,557
2021	$13,691,869,264	$285,071,280,114
2020	$11,530,746,234	$250,625,048,304
2019	$11,736,797,055	$250,080,428,512
2018	$11,252,353,421	$241,791,427,224
2017	$9,514,404,016	$210,147,385,855
2016	$7,980,917,076	$185,290,759,249
2015	$7,797,667,197	$177,885,131,240
2014	$9,402,090,138	$199,722,319,676
2013	$9,496,717,876	$189,798,603,751
2012	$8,709,138,635	$179,117,323,107
2011	$8,414,352,020	$192,623,977,894
2010	$6,974,982,370	$170,064,350,672
2009	$5,439,434,272	$174,110,532,659
2008	$6,054,824,248	$214,315,932,061
2007	$4,401,173,152	$174,588,782,939
2006	$3,408,255,451	$122,023,735,993
2005	$2,988,342,907	$98,454,380,120
2004	$2,598,249,556	$74,973,656,852
2003	$1,980,907,435	$57,806,384,143
2002	$1,661,818,168	$46,065,502,703
2001	$1,480,673,594	$40,395,116,581
2000	$1,288,429,392	$37,253,739,511
1999	$1,170,782,957	$35,953,156,754
1998	$1,698,717,505	$41,696,091,974
1997	$1,930,081,169	$35,575,214,078
1996	$1,695,122,174	$36,937,074,278
1995	$1,752,999,370	$37,430,162,103
1994	$1,702,314,268	$30,072,805,104
1993	$2,371,813,324	$26,361,160,450
1992	$2,319,243,436	$25,121,666,667
1991	$3,094,565,871	$28,850,634,900
1990	$3,592,857,043	$38,247,882,300
1989	-	$41,450,777,202
1988	-	$40,424,528,302
1987	-	$38,067,567,568

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Moldova and Romania economies compared

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Year	GDP per capita
Year	Moldova	Romania
2024	$7,576	$20,080
2023	$6,800	$18,244
2022	$5,744	$15,504
2021	$5,275	$14,908
2020	$4,376	$13,009
2019	$4,405	$12,910
2018	$4,156	$12,416
2017	$3,453	$10,728
2016	$2,847	$9,405
2015	$2,750	$8,977
2014	$3,290	$10,032
2013	$3,321	$9,498
2012	$3,045	$8,930
2011	$2,941	$9,561
2010	$2,437	$8,400
2009	$1,898	$8,548
2008	$2,111	$10,435
2007	$1,531	$8,360
2006	$1,183	$5,758
2005	$1,034	$4,618
2004	$897	$3,495
2003	$682	$2,679
2002	$571	$2,120
2001	$507	$1,825
2000	$441	$1,660
1999	$399	$1,600
1998	$579	$1,853
1997	$657	$1,577
1996	$575	$1,633
1995	$594	$1,650
1994	$574	$1,323
1993	$797	$1,158
1992	$778	$1,102
1991	$1,038	$1,254
1990	$1,207	$1,648
1989	-	$1,790
1988	-	$1,753
1987	-	$1,659

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Moldova vs. Romania life expectancy calculator

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Year	Life expectancy, years
Year	Moldova	Romania
2026	71.6	76.4
2025	71.5	76.2
2024	71.3	76.1
2023	71.2	75.9
2022	71.5	75.3
2021	69	72.7
2020	69.9	74
2019	70.2	75.3
2018	70.2	75.1
2017	70.4	75
2016	70.2	75
2015	70.1	74.7
2014	70.2	74.8
2013	70.3	74.9
2012	70.3	74.3
2011	70.2	74.3
2010	69.9	73.6
2009	69.4	73.5
2008	69	73.2
2007	68.7	72.8
2006	68.4	72.2
2005	68.2	71.6
2004	68	71.1
2003	67.9	70.8
2002	67.8	70.8
2001	67.7	71.1
2000	67.5	71.2
1999	67.2	70.6
1998	66.8	69.9
1997	66.5	69.1
1996	66.2	68.8
1995	66.2	69.3
1994	66.3	69.3
1993	66.7	69.5
1992	66.7	69.5
1991	67.6	70
1990	67.9	69.8
1989	68.2	69.5
1988	68.2	69.4
1987	67.9	69.1
1986	67.4	69.7
1985	66.9	69.4
1984	66.4	69.9
1983	66.1	69.8
1982	65.9	69.8
1981	65.6	69.5
1980	65.2	69.2
1979	64.8	69.5
1978	64.5	69.8
1977	64.2	69.5
1976	64	69.9
1975	63.7	69.6
1974	63.4	69.5
1973	63.2	68.7
1972	62.9	69
1971	62.7	68.4
1970	62.4	67.9
1969	62.2	67.2
1968	62	67.9
1967	61.8	68.1
1966	61.6	68.2
1965	61.3	68.4
1964	61	68.4
1963	60.6	67.8
1962	60.3	67.2
1961	59.9	66.4
1960	59.4	65.6
1959	59	64.9
1958	58.5	64.4
1957	58	64
1956	57.4	63.6
1955	56.9	63.3
1954	56.3	63
1953	55.7	62.5
1952	55.1	61.8
1951	54.5	61.2
1950	54	60.5

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Moldova and Romania population clocks and comparison

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Year	Population
Year	Moldova	Romania
2024	2,402,306	19,051,804
2023	2,457,783	19,061,062
2022	2,528,654	19,048,502
2021	2,595,809	19,122,059
2020	2,635,130	19,265,250
2019	2,664,224	19,371,648
2018	2,707,203	19,473,970
2017	2,755,189	19,588,715
2016	2,803,186	19,702,267
2015	2,835,978	19,815,616
2014	2,857,815	19,908,979
2013	2,859,558	19,983,693
2012	2,860,324	20,058,035
2011	2,860,699	20,147,528
2010	2,862,354	20,246,871
2009	2,865,213	20,367,487
2008	2,868,833	20,537,875
2007	2,874,299	20,882,982
2006	2,880,967	21,193,760
2005	2,888,985	21,319,685
2004	2,896,023	21,451,748
2003	2,903,198	21,574,326
2002	2,911,385	21,730,496
2001	2,918,135	22,131,970
2000	2,924,668	22,442,971
1999	2,930,622	22,472,040
1998	2,935,227	22,507,344
1997	2,936,413	22,553,978
1996	2,947,293	22,619,004
1995	2,953,200	22,684,270
1994	2,966,745	22,730,211
1993	2,975,966	22,763,280
1992	2,980,965	22,794,284
1991	2,981,566	23,001,155
1990	2,977,912	23,201,835
1989	2,970,039	23,161,458
1988	2,948,891	23,057,662
1987	2,916,306	22,949,430
1986	2,883,057	22,836,841
1985	2,850,787	22,732,999
1984	2,820,518	22,640,547
1983	2,791,207	22,560,478
1982	2,763,101	22,475,741
1981	2,735,987	22,353,070
1980	2,708,675	22,207,282
1979	2,683,035	22,090,488
1978	2,656,211	21,951,464
1977	2,626,298	21,756,096
1976	2,596,491	21,551,634
1975	2,566,998	21,293,583
1974	2,538,164	21,029,429
1973	2,510,584	20,835,681
1972	2,484,742	20,657,957
1971	2,460,611	20,461,567
1970	2,437,590	20,250,398
1969	2,408,469	20,009,141
1968	2,373,073	19,799,831
1967	2,337,695	19,534,242
1966	2,301,871	19,215,450
1965	2,265,287	19,031,576
1964	2,228,000	18,919,126
1963	2,188,895	18,797,850
1962	2,147,227	18,676,550
1961	2,103,327	18,555,250
1960	2,058,020	18,406,905

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Fertility rates in Moldova and Romania

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Year	Fertility rate
Year	Moldova	Romania
2023	1.73	1.71
2022	1.69	1.71
2021	1.75	1.81
2020	1.77	1.8
2019	1.78	1.77
2018	1.81	1.76
2017	1.81	1.78
2016	1.89	1.69
2015	1.87	1.62
2014	1.82	1.56
2013	1.62	1.46
2012	1.66	1.52
2011	1.65	1.47
2010	1.7	1.59
2009	1.72	1.66
2008	1.64	1.6
2007	1.58	1.45
2006	1.54	1.42
2005	1.53	1.4
2004	1.54	1.33
2003	1.48	1.3
2002	1.45	1.27
2001	1.47	1.27
2000	1.5	1.31
1999	1.56	1.3
1998	1.65	1.32
1997	1.79	1.32
1996	1.71	1.3
1995	1.83	1.33
1994	1.99	1.4
1993	2.11	1.43
1992	2.22	1.51
1991	2.28	1.59
1990	2.39	1.83
1989	2.46	2.22
1988	2.63	2.3
1987	2.78	2.38
1986	2.74	2.39
1985	2.67	2.31
1984	2.67	2.26
1983	2.58	2.06
1982	2.45	2.17
1981	2.4	2.36
1980	2.38	2.43
1979	2.38	2.49
1978	2.39	2.52
1977	2.42	2.57
1976	2.47	2.54
1975	2.52	2.59
1974	2.56	2.71
1973	2.57	2.44
1972	2.56	2.55
1971	2.56	2.67
1970	2.57	2.89
1969	2.57	3.19
1968	2.59	3.63
1967	2.62	3.66
1966	2.65	1.9
1965	2.69	1.91
1964	2.71	1.96
1963	2.89	2.01
1962	3.04	2.04
1961	3.23	2.17
1960	3.32	2.34

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Moldova and Romania demographics compared

1x

Year	Median age, years
Year	Moldova	Romania
2024	39.1	43.8
2023	38.8	43.5
2022	38.6	43.3
2021	38.3	43.2
2020	38	42.9
2019	37.6	42.6
2018	37.2	42.3
2017	36.8	42
2016	36.5	41.7
2015	36.1	41.3
2014	35.7	40.9
2013	35.4	40.5
2012	35.1	40.2
2011	34.9	39.8
2010	34.6	39.3
2009	34.3	38.8
2008	33.9	38.2
2007	33.6	37.7
2006	33.3	37.3
2005	33	37
2004	32.8	36.6
2003	32.6	36
2002	32.4	35.3
2001	32.2	34.8
2000	32	34.8
1999	31.8	34.7
1998	31.5	34.6
1997	31.3	34.4
1996	31.2	34.2
1995	31	34
1994	30.8	33.8
1993	30.6	33.6
1992	30.4	33.3
1991	30.2	33.1
1990	29.8	33
1989	29.5	32.9
1988	29.3	32.8
1987	29.1	32.8
1986	28.9	32.7
1985	28.7	32.5
1984	28.5	32.3
1983	28.3	32.1
1982	28.1	32
1981	27.9	31.9
1980	27.6	31.8
1979	27.6	31.7
1978	27.5	31.7
1977	27.2	31.8
1976	26.9	31.8
1975	26.7	31.7
1974	26.5	31.6
1973	26.3	31.5
1972	26.3	31.5
1971	26.3	31.4
1970	26.4	31.4
1969	26.4	31.3
1968	26.3	31.3
1967	26.1	31.3
1966	25.9	31
1965	25.7	30.6
1964	25.4	30.2
1963	25.1	29.7
1962	24.9	29.3
1961	24.7	28.9
1960	24.6	28.5

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/moldova/romania | CC BY

Interactive Maps

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Finance

	Moldova	Romania
GNI, Atlas method	$16.5B 2024	$335B 2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP	38% 2024	39.9% 2024
Education expenditure, % of GDP	6.63% 2023	3.28% 2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP	0.6% 2024	2.3% 2024
Armed forces personnel	6,000 2020	128,000 2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP	-3.88% 2024	-8.68% 2024
Unemployment rate	1.43% 2024	5.43% 2024
Services, % of GDP	62.3% 2024	62.6% 2024
Industry, % of GDP	16.8% 2024	25.3% 2024
Economic freedom index	58.1 2026	65.4 2026
Income share by richest 10%	22.8% 2023	21.8% 2023
Income share by poorest 10%	4.3% 2023	2.4% 2023
Number of billionaires	n/a	6 2025
Percentage of billionaires	n/a	0.00004% 2025
Listed domestic companies	n/a	83 2024
Market capitalization of domestic companies	n/a	$47.4B 2024
Total reserves including gold	$5.48B 2024	$73.4B 2024
Personal remittances received	$1.92B 2024	$9.53B 2024
International tourist arrivals	29,000 2020	5,023,000 2020
International tourism as share of exports	11% 2020	1.73% 2020
Banked people share	55.5% 2024	71.3% 2024

Energy

	Moldova	Romania
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita	1,297 kg 2023	1,601 kg 2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use	$13.7 2023	$28.7 2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions	8.21 megatons 2024	70.9 megatons 2024
CO2 emissions per capita	3.42 tons 2024	3.72 tons 2024
Fossil fuel energy use share	81.3% 2022	70.4% 2022
Renewable energy use share	21.4% 2021	23.6% 2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share	1.78% 2023	17.5% 2023
Net energy imports use share	81.2% 2023	28.1% 2023
Electric power consumption per capita	2,412 kWh 2023	2,585 kWh 2023
Renewable electricity output share	6.5% 2021	44.9% 2021
Hydroelectric share	4.73% 2023	32.2% 2023
Nuclear share	0% 2021	19.3% 2023
Electricity access	100% 2023	100% 2023

Society

	Moldova	Romania
% of world population	0.03% 2024	0.23% 2024
Annual migration change	-29,766 2025	-29,041 2025
Urban population	43.5% 2024	52.2% 2024
Male:Female ratio	46:54 2024	48.4:51.6 2024
Average male height	5.76 ft 2025	5.83 ft 2025
Average female height	5.35 ft 2025	5.4 ft 2025
Quality of life index	50.2 2026	71.2 2026
Corruption Perceptions Index	42 2025	45 2025
Higher education index	39 2026	69 2026
Homicides per 100K people	2.54 2023	1.12 2024
Road traffic mortality per 100K people	7.3 2019	10.3 2019
Visa free countries	122 2025	170 2025
Adult literacy rate	99.6% 2021	99.2% 2021
English speaking	2% 2025	31% 2023
People using the Internet	80.2% 2023	91.3% 2024

Health

	Moldova	Romania
Government health expenditure per capita	$452 2023	$1,051 2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita	$124.1 2023	$241.3 2023
Life expectancy	71.6 years 2026	76.4 years 2026
Foreign aid share of health expenditure	2.1% 2023	0% 2023
Physicians per 1,000 people	4.02 2023	3.63 2022
Age at first childbirth	25.1 years 2021	27.1 years 2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births	19 2023	12 2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	14.7 2023	6.6 2023
Obesity rate	23.7% 2022	35% 2022
Diabetes prevalence	6.3% 2024	7.5% 2024
Air quality index	57 2026	50 2026
Tobacco use prevalence	29.7% 2022	30% 2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita	11.1 liters 2020	16.8 liters 2020

Territory

	Moldova	Romania
% of world land	0.02% 2026	0.15% 2026
Land area per capita	5,293 sq mi 2024	4,663 sq mi 2024
Agricultural land area	9,421 sq mi 2026	49,093 sq mi 2026
Forest area	1,492 sq mi 2026	26,753 sq mi 2026
Roads length	5,811 mi 2012	53,964 mi 2024