Skip to content

Belgium vs Brunei statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Belgium has a population of 11.9M (ranked 82/197), compared with 463K in Brunei (ranked 170/197). Belgium's land area is 11,774 sq mi versus 2,035 sq mi for Brunei (ranked 136th vs. 165th).

By GDP, Belgium ranks 23/197 ($665B) and Brunei ranks 142/197 ($15.5B). By GDP per capita, Belgium ranks 17/197 ($55,955), while Brunei ranks 35/197 ($33,418).

Main facts and rankings

Belgium Brunei
Population
11909960
469088
Population rank 83/197 170/197
GDP
$665B
2024
$15.5B
2024
GDP rank 23/197 142/197
GDP per capita
$55,955
2024
$33,418
2024
GDP per capita rank 17/197 35/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$72,126
2024
$90,007
2024
Government debt
$694B
2024
$354M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
106.4%
2025
2.21%
2025
Government debt per person
$58,455
2024
$765
2024
Government debt per person rank 5/185 151/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$34,348
2025
$22,191
2025
Land area
11,774 sq mi
2025
2,035 sq mi
2025
Population density
1,009 ppl/mi²
2024
227.4 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.47
2023
1.75
2023
Median age
42.7 years
2024
33.2 years
2024
Life expectancy
82.4 years
2025
75.7 years
2025

Belgium and Brunei: Comparison Charts

Belgium and Brunei economies compared

GDP
Belgium

Brunei
Year GDP
Belgium Brunei
1960 $11,810,619,368 -
1961 $12,561,701,694 -
1962 $13,436,827,167 -
1963 $14,445,805,381 -
1964 $16,168,044,450 -
1965 $17,597,783,297 $114,039,501
1966 $18,894,891,312 $132,757,528
1967 $20,252,508,995 $139,029,537
1968 $21,654,856,965 $160,818,236
1969 $24,019,653,475 $161,210,236
1970 $26,706,196,047 $179,078,929
1971 $29,821,661,870 $197,525,768
1972 $37,209,418,019 $270,822,782
1973 $47,743,801,490 $433,095,527
1974 $56,033,077,879 $2,319,576,214
1975 $65,678,189,097 $2,496,420,258
1976 $71,113,882,968 $3,054,765,590
1977 $82,839,905,459 $3,681,242,528
1978 $101,246,526,194 $4,100,423,674
1979 $116,315,456,797 $6,044,367,628
1980 $126,829,314,388 $10,795,432,294
1981 $104,730,018,470 $9,367,218,664
1982 $92,095,926,188 $8,932,198,186
1983 $87,184,239,053 $7,927,590,750
1984 $83,349,530,159 $7,632,788,075
1985 $86,268,264,148 $6,967,623,884
1986 $120,018,787,249 $4,190,280,003
1987 $149,394,404,106 $4,918,010,080
1988 $162,299,103,675 $4,535,130,305
1989 $164,221,056,511 $4,983,622,881
1990 $205,331,747,948 $6,039,881,087
1991 $210,510,999,409 $6,284,497,300
1992 $234,781,652,447 $6,327,966,445
1993 $224,721,795,709 $6,203,339,925
1994 $244,884,129,491 $6,467,782,521
1995 $288,025,588,396 $7,700,144,057
1996 $279,201,433,225 $7,663,377,277
1997 $252,708,051,421 $7,793,034,390
1998 $258,528,339,631 $5,550,846,025
1999 $258,245,733,221 $6,309,070,375
2000 $236,792,460,312 $6,570,999,060
2001 $236,746,141,604 $6,096,155,748
2002 $258,383,599,375 $6,333,082,879
2003 $318,082,528,507 $7,167,725,265
2004 $369,214,712,443 $8,619,178,799
2005 $385,714,762,230 $10,547,202,612
2006 $408,259,840,869 $12,644,616,446
2007 $470,922,156,309 $13,432,029,496
2008 $517,328,087,920 $15,926,456,492
2009 $485,014,525,992 $11,912,904,529
2010 $481,556,503,720 $13,707,121,031
2011 $527,196,649,049 $18,524,791,071
2012 $498,414,364,945 $19,048,443,340
2013 $524,097,026,599 $18,094,148,099
2014 $537,987,419,164 $17,097,797,372
2015 $461,044,767,545 $12,930,296,852
2016 $474,271,566,740 $11,400,266,055
2017 $500,908,767,352 $12,128,168,047
2018 $542,638,913,428 $13,566,908,401
2019 $536,726,344,405 $13,469,235,348
2020 $529,694,473,502 $12,005,799,664
2021 $598,522,422,242 $14,006,496,614
2022 $593,614,574,326 $16,681,536,443
2023 $644,655,275,112 $15,095,084,686
2024 $664,564,181,487 $15,463,134,387

Belgium and Brunei economies compared

GDP per capita
Belgium

Brunei
Year GDP per capita
Belgium Brunei
1960 $1,290 -
1961 $1,368 -
1962 $1,457 -
1963 $1,555 -
1964 $1,724 -
1965 $1,860 $1,029
1966 $1,983 $1,146
1967 $2,114 $1,149
1968 $2,251 $1,274
1969 $2,490 $1,226
1970 $2,766 $1,325
1971 $3,083 $1,432
1972 $3,832 $1,905
1973 $4,901 $2,939
1974 $5,734 $15,195
1975 $6,701 $15,793
1976 $7,243 $18,671
1977 $8,427 $21,747
1978 $10,290 $23,447
1979 $11,811 $33,501
1980 $12,864 $58,005
1981 $10,623 $48,793
1982 $9,344 $45,075
1983 $8,846 $38,720
1984 $8,457 $36,061
1985 $8,751 $31,827
1986 $12,170 $18,501
1987 $15,136 $21,030
1988 $16,391 $18,825
1989 $16,525 $20,090
1990 $20,600 $23,659
1991 $21,042 $23,932
1992 $23,373 $23,451
1993 $22,284 $22,397
1994 $24,209 $22,767
1995 $28,414 $26,443
1996 $27,490 $25,692
1997 $24,821 $25,522
1998 $25,338 $17,769
1999 $25,253 $19,752
2000 $23,099 $20,130
2001 $23,015 $18,288
2002 $25,006 $18,621
2003 $30,655 $20,678
2004 $35,429 $24,423
2005 $36,810 $29,386
2006 $38,705 $34,675
2007 $44,319 $36,217
2008 $48,303 $42,157
2009 $44,923 $30,946
2010 $44,197 $34,938
2011 $47,761 $46,383
2012 $44,874 $46,969
2013 $46,965 $44,003
2014 $47,996 $41,027
2015 $40,894 $30,625
2016 $41,855 $26,663
2017 $44,035 $28,024
2018 $47,487 $30,988
2019 $46,717 $30,427
2020 $45,906 $26,834
2021 $51,658 $31,007
2022 $50,822 $36,633
2023 $54,690 $32,891
2024 $55,955 $33,418

Belgium vs. Brunei life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Belgium

Brunei
Year Life expectancy, years
Belgium Brunei
1950 66.3 50.6
1951 66.7 51.5
1952 68 52.4
1953 68.4 53.3
1954 68.6 54.2
1955 68.5 55
1956 68.8 55.7
1957 69.2 56.5
1958 69.9 57.3
1959 70.3 58
1960 69.6 58.7
1961 70.5 59.4
1962 70.2 58.8
1963 70 60.6
1964 70.7 61.3
1965 70.6 61.7
1966 70.6 62.4
1967 70.9 62.9
1968 70.6 63.5
1969 70.7 64
1970 70.9 64.5
1971 71.1 65
1972 71.4 65.4
1973 71.6 66
1974 72 66.4
1975 72 67
1976 72.1 67.4
1977 72.8 67.8
1978 72.7 68.3
1979 73.2 68.6
1980 73.2 69
1981 73.7 69.3
1982 73.9 69.7
1983 73.9 70
1984 74.4 70.2
1985 74.5 70.5
1986 74.7 70.8
1987 75.3 71
1988 75.6 71.2
1989 75.6 71.4
1990 76.1 71.6
1991 76.2 71.9
1992 76.4 72.1
1993 76.4 72.3
1994 76.7 72.6
1995 76.8 72.8
1996 77.2 73.1
1997 77.4 73.3
1998 77.5 73.6
1999 77.6 73.8
2000 77.8 74
2001 78.1 74.2
2002 78.2 74.4
2003 78.3 74.5
2004 79 74.6
2005 79.1 74.7
2006 79.4 74.8
2007 79.5 74.8
2008 79.6 74.8
2009 79.8 74.8
2010 80 74.8
2011 80.4 74.8
2012 80.3 74.8
2013 80.5 74.9
2014 81.1 74.9
2015 80.9 74.9
2016 81.3 74.9
2017 81.4 74.9
2018 81.5 75
2019 81.8 75
2020 80.8 75.1
2021 81.7 74.9
2022 81.2 72.9
2023 82.1 75.3
2024 82.3 75.5
2025 82.4 75.7

Belgium and Brunei population clocks and comparison

Population
Belgium

Brunei
Year Population
Belgium Brunei
1960 9,153,489 88,347
1961 9,183,948 92,517
1962 9,220,578 96,719
1963 9,289,770 101,159
1964 9,378,113 105,922
1965 9,463,667 110,838
1966 9,527,807 115,874
1967 9,580,991 121,017
1968 9,618,756 126,222
1969 9,646,032 131,446
1970 9,655,549 135,138
1971 9,673,162 137,921
1972 9,711,115 142,189
1973 9,741,720 147,369
1974 9,772,419 152,656
1975 9,800,700 158,070
1976 9,818,227 163,607
1977 9,830,358 169,277
1978 9,839,534 174,884
1979 9,848,382 180,422
1980 9,859,242 186,111
1981 9,858,982 191,977
1982 9,856,303 198,165
1983 9,855,520 204,741
1984 9,855,372 211,661
1985 9,858,308 218,919
1986 9,861,823 226,495
1987 9,870,234 233,860
1988 9,901,664 240,913
1989 9,937,697 248,064
1990 9,967,379 255,292
1991 10,004,486 262,596
1992 10,045,158 269,839
1993 10,084,475 276,971
1994 10,115,603 284,091
1995 10,136,811 291,195
1996 10,156,637 298,276
1997 10,181,245 305,341
1998 10,203,008 312,385
1999 10,226,419 319,411
2000 10,251,250 326,424
2001 10,286,570 333,345
2002 10,332,785 340,099
2003 10,376,133 346,637
2004 10,421,137 352,911
2005 10,478,617 358,916
2006 10,547,958 364,663
2007 10,625,700 370,873
2008 10,709,973 377,793
2009 10,796,493 384,952
2010 10,895,586 392,332
2011 11,038,264 399,389
2012 11,106,932 405,557
2013 11,159,407 411,202
2014 11,209,057 416,750
2015 11,274,196 422,212
2016 11,331,422 427,564
2017 11,375,158 432,772
2018 11,427,054 437,810
2019 11,488,980 442,680
2020 11,538,604 447,404
2021 11,586,195 451,721
2022 11,680,210 455,370
2023 11,787,423 458,949
2024 11,876,844 462,721

Fertility rates in Belgium and Brunei

Fertility rate
Belgium

Brunei
Year Fertility rate
Belgium Brunei
1960 2.54 7.32
1961 2.63 7.19
1962 2.59 7.03
1963 2.68 6.89
1964 2.71 6.77
1965 2.61 6.65
1966 2.52 6.51
1967 2.41 6.37
1968 2.31 6.2
1969 2.27 6.01
1970 2.25 5.8
1971 2.21 5.62
1972 2.09 5.5
1973 1.95 5.36
1974 1.83 5.18
1975 1.74 4.99
1976 1.73 4.78
1977 1.71 4.58
1978 1.69 4.39
1979 1.69 4.22
1980 1.68 4.07
1981 1.66 3.94
1982 1.61 3.84
1983 1.57 3.75
1984 1.54 3.68
1985 1.51 3.61
1986 1.54 3.55
1987 1.54 3.49
1988 1.57 3.44
1989 1.58 3.36
1990 1.62 3.29
1991 1.66 3.21
1992 1.65 3.11
1993 1.61 3.01
1994 1.56 2.9
1995 1.56 2.79
1996 1.59 2.68
1997 1.6 2.6
1998 1.6 2.53
1999 1.62 2.46
2000 1.67 2.4
2001 1.67 2.34
2002 1.65 2.26
2003 1.67 2.19
2004 1.72 2.1
2005 1.76 2.02
2006 1.8 1.97
2007 1.82 1.93
2008 1.85 1.92
2009 1.84 1.92
2010 1.86 1.94
2011 1.81 1.96
2012 1.8 1.97
2013 1.76 1.98
2014 1.74 1.97
2015 1.7 1.95
2016 1.68 1.92
2017 1.65 1.88
2018 1.62 1.85
2019 1.6 1.82
2020 1.55 1.8
2021 1.6 1.78
2022 1.53 1.76
2023 1.47 1.75

Belgium and Brunei demographics compared

Median age
Belgium

Brunei
Year Median age, years
Belgium Brunei
1960 34.9 18.8
1961 34.9 18.1
1962 34.9 17.5
1963 34.9 17.1
1964 34.8 17
1965 34.8 17
1966 34.7 17.2
1967 34.7 17.3
1968 34.7 17.5
1969 34.6 17.7
1970 34.5 17.8
1971 34.4 17.9
1972 34.3 18
1973 34.3 18.2
1974 34.3 18.3
1975 34.2 18.6
1976 34.1 18.8
1977 34.1 19.1
1978 34.1 19.4
1979 34.1 19.6
1980 34.2 20
1981 34.3 20.3
1982 34.5 20.6
1983 34.8 21
1984 35 21.3
1985 35.2 21.7
1986 35.4 22
1987 35.6 22.3
1988 35.9 22.6
1989 36.1 22.8
1990 36.3 23.1
1991 36.5 23.4
1992 36.7 23.6
1993 37 23.8
1994 37.2 24.1
1995 37.5 24.4
1996 37.8 24.7
1997 38.1 24.9
1998 38.3 25.2
1999 38.6 25.5
2000 38.9 25.8
2001 39.2 26.1
2002 39.4 26.4
2003 39.7 26.8
2004 40 27.1
2005 40.2 27.5
2006 40.4 27.9
2007 40.6 28.1
2008 40.7 28
2009 40.8 28
2010 40.8 28
2011 40.9 28.1
2012 41.1 28.4
2013 41.2 28.8
2014 41.3 29.1
2015 41.4 29.5
2016 41.4 29.8
2017 41.6 30.2
2018 41.7 30.6
2019 41.8 31
2020 41.9 31.4
2021 42 31.8
2022 42.2 32.3
2023 42.4 32.8
2024 42.7 33.2

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Belgium and Brunei.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Belgium Brunei
GNI, Atlas method
$651B
2024
$16.7B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
54.6%
2025
30%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
6.28%
2022
4.43%
2016
Military expenditure, % of GDP
1.21%
2023
2.97%
2023
Armed forces personnel
24,000
2020
8,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-5.03%
2025
-10.3%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.7%
2024
5.3%
2023
Services, % of GDP
72.1%
2024
38.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
17.6%
2024
61.7%
2024
Economic freedom index
69
2025
67
2025
Income share by richest 10%
22.2%
2023
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
n/a
Number of millionaires
564,666
2024
n/a
Percentage of millionaires
6.08%
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
11
2025
n/a
Percentage of billionaires
0.0001%
2025
n/a
Listed domestic companies
117
2015
n/a
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$321B
2018
n/a
Total reserves including gold
$41.4B
2024
$4.41B
2024
Personal remittances received
$15.2B
2024
$1M
2023
International tourist arrivals
2,584,000
2020
1,071,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
1.77%
2020
2.7%
2018
Banked people share
98.2%
2024
n/a

Energy

Belgium Brunei
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
4,049 kg
2023
9,537 kg
2022
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$17.1
2023
$8.58
2022
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
84.3 megatons
2023
9.72 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
7.15 tons
2023
21.2 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
69.3%
2023
100%
2022
Renewable energy use share
11.7%
2021
0%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
22.3%
2023
0.01%
2022
Net energy imports use share
89.2%
2023
-172.6%
2022
Electric power consumption per capita
6,927 kWh
2023
11,197 kWh
2022
Renewable electricity output share
23.5%
2021
0.02%
2021
Hydroelectric share
1.98%
2023
0%
2021
Nuclear share
39.4%
2023
0%
2021
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Belgium Brunei
% of world population
0.15%
2024
0.006%
2024
Annual migration change
+36,243
2024
+0
2024
Urban population
98.2%
2024
79.4%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
5.88 ft
2025
5.46 ft
2025
Average female height
5.36 ft
2025
5.08 ft
2025
Quality of life index
87.9
2025
72.3
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
69
2024
60
2020
Higher education index
96
2025
53
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.08
2021
0.49
2013
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
5.8
2019
7.5
2019
Visa free countries
175
2025
154
2025
Adult literacy rate
99%
2003
97.6%
2021
English speaking
59%
2023
37.8%
2023
People using the Internet
95.8%
2024
99%
2023

Health

Belgium Brunei
Government health expenditure per capita
$5,405
2022
$666
2022
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$1,083
2022
$51
2022
Life expectancy
82.4 years
2025
75.7 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
0%
2022
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.24
2021
1.91
2021
Age at first childbirth
29.5 years
2023
n/a
Maternal mortality per 100K births
4
2023
36
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
3.6
2023
9.4
2023
Obesity rate
20.5%
2022
n/a
Diabetes prevalence
5.9%
2024
13.7%
2024
Air quality index
74
2025
62
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
26.7%
2022
16.4%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
9.43 liters
2020
0.51 liters
2020

Territory

Belgium Brunei
% of world land
0.02%
2025
0.004%
2025
Land area per capita
991 sq mi
2024
4,397 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
5,225 sq mi
2025
51.7 sq mi
2025
Forest area
2,661 sq mi
2025
1,467 sq mi
2025
Roads length
73,579 mi
2015
1,849 mi
2014

In-depth comparisons

Facts comparisons

Facts vs Belgium vs Brunei
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Vatican Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare