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Fertility & birth rates in India and Mexico

Updated on by Georank team

India has an annual birth rate of 16.1 births per 1,000 people, compared to 15.7 for Mexico. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.98 in India and 1.91 in Mexico — 3.29% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.6% in India and by -71.8% in Mexico — in 1960, it was 5.92 and 6.76, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • India is ranked 93/196 by birth rate compared to 100/196 for Mexico.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 21.2 years in India, compared to 21.3 years in Mexico.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.7 in India — it's 26.8 in Mexico.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 14.1 in India vs 60.1 in Mexico.
  • In India, 26.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 27.1% in Mexico.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.95% in India and +0.95% in Mexico.

Birth rate data compared

India Mexico
Fertility rate 1.98 1.91
Birth rate 16.1 15.7
Birth rate rank 93/196 100/196
Age at first childbirth 21.2 years 21.3 years
Average age at childbearing 27.7 years 26.8 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 12 58.4
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 131.1 99.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.9 16.5
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.3% 27.1%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 56.4% 69.1%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 89.4% 96.6%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.08% 0.04%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 1.73% 0.76%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 2.45% 1.08%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 2.77% 1.25%
Population change due to births and deaths +13,711,993 +1,238,366
Natural population change rank 1/196 12/196
Natural population change rate +0.95% +0.95%
Population growth +0.89% +0.86%
Population growth rank 109/197 113/197
Life expectancy 72.5 years 75.4 years

Fertility rate in India vs Mexico chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.91 in Mexico in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Mexico population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

India
Factual

UN forecast
Mexico
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
India Mexico
1960 5.92 6.76
1961 5.94 6.78
1962 5.95 6.8
1963 5.97 6.82
1964 5.98 6.83
1965 5.94 6.82
1966 5.88 6.79
1967 5.83 6.75
1968 5.76 6.71
1969 5.68 6.63
1970 5.62 6.53
1971 5.57 6.42
1972 5.48 6.28
1973 5.4 6.12
1974 5.33 5.95
1975 5.2 5.74
1976 5.13 5.54
1977 5.01 5.36
1978 4.89 5.2
1979 4.81 4.96
1980 4.78 4.74
1981 4.7 4.57
1982 4.62 4.43
1983 4.57 4.3
1984 4.52 4.18
1985 4.43 4.09
1986 4.4 3.97
1987 4.31 3.8
1988 4.22 3.64
1989 4.13 3.53
1990 4.05 3.44
1991 3.96 3.36
1992 3.88 3.29
1993 3.8 3.21
1994 3.72 3.13
1995 3.65 3.04
1996 3.58 2.96
1997 3.51 2.89
1998 3.45 2.82
1999 3.38 2.76
2000 3.35 2.71
2001 3.3 2.67
2002 3.22 2.63
2003 3.12 2.58
2004 3.05 2.54
2005 2.96 2.5
2006 2.87 2.46
2007 2.78 2.42
2008 2.71 2.39
2009 2.67 2.36
2010 2.6 2.34
2011 2.53 2.32
2012 2.47 2.29
2013 2.4 2.27
2014 2.29 2.21
2015 2.29 2.14
2016 2.28 2.09
2017 2.19 2.04
2018 2.18 2.03
2019 2.12 2.02
2020 2.05 1.99
2021 2.01 1.97
2022 1.99 1.94
2023 1.98 1.91
2024 1.96 1.89
2025 1.94 1.87
2026 1.93 1.85
2027 1.91 1.83
2028 1.9 1.82
2029 1.89 1.81
2030 1.88 1.79
2031 1.87 1.78
2032 1.86 1.77
2033 1.85 1.77
2034 1.84 1.76
2035 1.84 1.76
2036 1.83 1.75
2037 1.82 1.75
2038 1.81 1.74
2039 1.81 1.74
2040 1.8 1.73
2041 1.8 1.73
2042 1.79 1.72
2043 1.79 1.72
2044 1.78 1.72
2045 1.78 1.71
2046 1.78 1.71
2047 1.77 1.71
2048 1.77 1.7
2049 1.77 1.7
2050 1.76 1.7

Children 0-14 years as share of population

India
Factual

UN forecast
Mexico
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
India Mexico
1960 40.6% 46.8%
1961 40.9% 47%
1962 41.2% 47.1%
1963 41.5% 47.2%
1964 41.6% 47.3%
1965 41.7% 47.4%
1966 41.7% 47.5%
1967 41.6% 47.6%
1968 41.5% 47.6%
1969 41.5% 47.7%
1970 41.4% 47.7%
1971 41.2% 47.8%
1972 41.1% 47.7%
1973 41% 47.7%
1974 40.8% 47.6%
1975 40.7% 47.5%
1976 40.5% 47.2%
1977 40.3% 47%
1978 40.1% 46.7%
1979 40% 46.3%
1980 39.8% 45.8%
1981 39.7% 45.2%
1982 39.6% 44.4%
1983 39.5% 43.7%
1984 39.4% 43%
1985 39.3% 42.3%
1986 39.2% 41.6%
1987 39.1% 41%
1988 38.9% 40.3%
1989 38.8% 39.7%
1990 38.6% 39%
1991 38.4% 38.4%
1992 38.1% 37.8%
1993 37.9% 37.3%
1994 37.6% 36.9%
1995 37.3% 36.5%
1996 37% 36%
1997 36.7% 35.6%
1998 36.3% 35.2%
1999 35.9% 34.8%
2000 35.6% 34.3%
2001 35.2% 33.9%
2002 34.8% 33.4%
2003 34.4% 33%
2004 34% 32.5%
2005 33.6% 32.1%
2006 33.1% 31.6%
2007 32.7% 31.1%
2008 32.2% 30.6%
2009 31.8% 30.2%
2010 31.3% 29.8%
2011 30.9% 29.4%
2012 30.4% 29%
2013 29.9% 28.7%
2014 29.4% 28.3%
2015 28.9% 28%
2016 28.4% 27.6%
2017 27.8% 27.2%
2018 27.3% 26.7%
2019 26.8% 26.3%
2020 26.3% 26%
2021 25.9% 25.7%
2022 25.5% 25.3%
2023 25.1% 24.9%
2024 24.6% 24.5%
2025 24.2% 24.1%
2026 23.8% 23.7%
2027 23.4% 23.2%
2028 23% 22.8%
2029 22.7% 22.4%
2030 22.4% 22.1%
2031 22.1% 21.7%
2032 21.8% 21.4%
2033 21.5% 21.2%
2034 21.3% 20.9%
2035 21% 20.6%
2036 20.8% 20.3%
2037 20.6% 20.1%
2038 20.4% 19.9%
2039 20.2% 19.6%
2040 19.9% 19.4%
2041 19.7% 19.2%
2042 19.5% 19%
2043 19.3% 18.8%
2044 19.1% 18.6%
2045 18.8% 18.4%
2046 18.6% 18.2%
2047 18.4% 18%
2048 18.2% 17.8%
2049 18% 17.7%
2050 17.8% 17.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 24.5% in Mexico in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 39% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Mexico compared.

Natural population change in India vs Mexico by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and +1.05% in Mexico. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

India
Mexico

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
India Mexico
1960 10,237,489 1,206,955
1961 10,468,816 1,265,833
1962 10,743,409 1,328,319
1963 11,016,705 1,387,678
1964 11,285,378 1,447,360
1965 10,925,714 1,508,344
1966 11,089,894 1,566,170
1967 11,279,897 1,620,534
1968 12,006,807 1,671,918
1969 12,167,671 1,711,297
1970 12,417,866 1,753,370
1971 12,787,104 1,790,990
1972 13,041,792 1,823,302
1973 13,412,707 1,845,593
1974 13,795,836 1,868,809
1975 13,958,642 1,880,241
1976 14,435,504 1,891,958
1977 14,575,662 1,902,964
1978 14,898,145 1,921,419
1979 15,392,957 1,908,018
1980 16,018,786 1,893,158
1981 16,422,159 1,904,384
1982 16,790,507 1,921,772
1983 17,219,127 1,939,193
1984 17,698,810 1,960,428
1985 17,968,697 1,983,622
1986 18,455,495 1,998,043
1987 18,496,213 1,971,231
1988 18,702,916 1,936,601
1989 18,848,915 1,927,752
1990 18,893,588 1,926,480
1991 19,049,524 1,942,832
1992 19,132,757 1,956,659
1993 19,152,399 1,963,708
1994 19,310,798 1,959,775
1995 19,396,161 1,941,458
1996 19,442,699 1,922,554
1997 19,494,098 1,898,383
1998 19,569,575 1,871,650
1999 19,648,424 1,859,475
2000 19,984,160 1,845,383
2001 20,182,573 1,836,418
2002 20,024,621 1,820,665
2003 19,720,507 1,788,016
2004 19,469,758 1,759,250
2005 19,034,839 1,732,663
2006 18,641,737 1,706,084
2007 18,331,648 1,684,915
2008 18,234,926 1,670,846
2009 18,286,055 1,661,180
2010 17,991,935 1,658,682
2011 17,793,362 1,659,161
2012 17,552,365 1,656,599
2013 17,107,541 1,642,609
2014 16,165,943 1,587,620
2015 16,211,195 1,508,439
2016 16,202,593 1,445,256
2017 15,394,041 1,384,178
2018 15,451,168 1,366,076
2019 14,859,846 1,357,485
2020 13,366,946 1,031,637
2021 10,227,523 936,682
2022 13,912,130 1,224,397
2023 13,711,993 1,238,366

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Mexico

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 42 deaths in Mexico.

India
Mexico
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
India Mexico
1985 658 107
1986 624 100
1987 592 93
1988 562 88
1989 538 85
1990 516 81
1991 498 77
1992 482 73
1993 467 71
1994 451 69
1995 437 66
1996 422 64
1997 407 62
1998 393 60
1999 378 58
2000 362 56
2001 349 55
2002 330 55
2003 313 54
2004 296 53
2005 277 52
2006 258 51
2007 240 50
2008 223 51
2009 205 51
2010 188 50
2011 173 47
2012 160 46
2013 148 45
2014 137 44
2015 129 43
2016 121 43
2017 113 44
2018 107 44
2019 101 43
2020 101 61
2021 155 104
2022 90 45
2023 80 42

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 1.25% in Mexico. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

India
Mexico

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
India Mexico
1960 24.1% 15.5%
1961 23.8% 14.8%
1962 23.5% 14.3%
1963 23.2% 13.7%
1964 22.9% 13.2%
1965 22.7% 12.7%
1966 22.4% 12.3%
1967 22.2% 11.9%
1968 22% 11.5%
1969 21.7% 11.1%
1970 21.5% 10.7%
1971 21.2% 10.3%
1972 20.8% 9.93%
1973 20.5% 9.56%
1974 20.1% 9.21%
1975 19.6% 8.86%
1976 19.1% 8.52%
1977 18.6% 8.18%
1978 18% 7.85%
1979 17.5% 7.51%
1980 16.9% 7.18%
1981 16.4% 6.86%
1982 15.9% 6.55%
1983 15.5% 6.26%
1984 15% 5.98%
1985 14.6% 5.71%
1986 14.2% 5.46%
1987 13.8% 5.21%
1988 13.4% 4.98%
1989 13% 4.75%
1990 12.7% 4.53%
1991 12.3% 4.32%
1992 12% 4.12%
1993 11.6% 3.92%
1994 11.3% 3.74%
1995 11% 3.57%
1996 10.6% 3.4%
1997 10.3% 3.24%
1998 9.89% 3.09%
1999 9.53% 2.94%
2000 9.16% 2.81%
2001 8.8% 2.68%
2002 8.45% 2.57%
2003 8.11% 2.46%
2004 7.77% 2.36%
2005 7.44% 2.27%
2006 7.11% 2.19%
2007 6.79% 2.11%
2008 6.46% 2.04%
2009 6.14% 1.98%
2010 5.82% 1.91%
2011 5.5% 1.85%
2012 5.2% 1.79%
2013 4.91% 1.73%
2014 4.63% 1.68%
2015 4.36% 1.62%
2016 4.11% 1.57%
2017 3.87% 1.52%
2018 3.64% 1.47%
2019 3.43% 1.42%
2020 3.24% 1.38%
2021 3.06% 1.33%
2022 2.91% 1.29%
2023 2.77% 1.25%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs India vs Mexico
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