Fertility & birth rates in Ethiopia and Gambia

Fertility rate in Ethiopia vs Gambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ethiopia was 3.99 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.01 in the Gambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ethiopia vs the Gambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ethiopia	Gambia
1960	6.51	6.25
1961	6.53	6.23
1962	6.56	6.21
1963	6.59	6.2
1964	6.61	6.2
1965	6.63	6.19
1966	6.66	6.18
1967	6.68	6.21
1968	6.7	6.22
1969	6.72	6.25
1970	6.78	6.26
1971	6.84	6.33
1972	6.9	6.37
1973	6.96	6.41
1974	7.02	6.42
1975	7.08	6.43
1976	7.13	6.43
1977	7.19	6.43
1978	7.23	6.42
1979	7.25	6.41
1980	7.29	6.41
1981	7.31	6.4
1982	7.34	6.4
1983	7.35	6.39
1984	7.36	6.39
1985	7.34	6.36
1986	7.32	6.34
1987	7.29	6.3
1988	7.26	6.26
1989	7.23	6.25
1990	7.2	6.25
1991	7.16	6.19
1992	7.13	6.11
1993	7.09	6.03
1994	7.05	6.04
1995	7	5.99
1996	6.93	5.93
1997	6.87	5.85
1998	6.79	5.82
1999	6.72	5.77
2000	6.65	5.72
2001	6.58	5.67
2002	6.5	5.66
2003	6.4	5.66
2004	6.3	5.68
2005	6.19	5.71
2006	6.05	5.74
2007	5.89	5.69
2008	5.7	5.63
2009	5.49	5.57
2010	5.28	5.56
2011	5.08	5.54
2012	4.89	5.52
2013	4.71	5.39
2014	4.61	5.2
2015	4.53	5
2016	4.47	4.81
2017	4.4	4.61
2018	4.37	4.42
2019	4.35	4.33
2020	4.27	4.25
2021	4.18	4.17
2022	4.08	4.08
2023	3.99	4.01
2024	3.91	3.91
2025	3.81	3.8
2026	3.72	3.7
2027	3.64	3.6
2028	3.57	3.51
2029	3.5	3.41
2030	3.43	3.33
2031	3.36	3.24
2032	3.3	3.17
2033	3.24	3.1
2034	3.19	3.03
2035	3.14	2.97
2036	3.08	2.91
2037	3.03	2.86
2038	2.99	2.81
2039	2.94	2.76
2040	2.9	2.71
2041	2.86	2.67
2042	2.83	2.63
2043	2.79	2.59
2044	2.75	2.56
2045	2.72	2.52
2046	2.68	2.49
2047	2.65	2.46
2048	2.62	2.43
2049	2.59	2.4
2050	2.55	2.38

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ethiopia	Gambia
1960	42.2%	41%
1961	42.2%	40.8%
1962	42.1%	40.7%
1963	42.2%	40.8%
1964	42.3%	41%
1965	42.5%	41.3%
1966	42.9%	41.5%
1967	43.2%	41.6%
1968	43.5%	41.8%
1969	43.8%	41.9%
1970	44.2%	42%
1971	44.5%	42.1%
1972	44.9%	42.2%
1973	45.2%	42.3%
1974	45.4%	42.4%
1975	45.6%	42.6%
1976	45.7%	42.8%
1977	45.9%	43%
1978	46.1%	43.3%
1979	46.2%	43.5%
1980	46.3%	43.7%
1981	46.4%	44%
1982	46.5%	44.3%
1983	46.4%	44.6%
1984	46.2%	44.9%
1985	46.1%	45%
1986	46%	45.2%
1987	46%	45.4%
1988	46%	45.5%
1989	46.1%	45.6%
1990	46.2%	45.7%
1991	46.2%	45.8%
1992	46.2%	45.9%
1993	46.4%	46%
1994	46.5%	46.3%
1995	46.7%	46.5%
1996	46.9%	46.7%
1997	47.1%	46.9%
1998	47.4%	46.9%
1999	47.6%	46.9%
2000	47.7%	46.8%
2001	47.8%	46.7%
2002	47.8%	46.6%
2003	47.7%	46.4%
2004	47.6%	46.1%
2005	47.4%	45.9%
2006	47.2%	45.6%
2007	46.9%	45.3%
2008	46.6%	45.1%
2009	46.2%	44.8%
2010	45.7%	44.5%
2011	45.2%	44.3%
2012	44.6%	44.1%
2013	44%	43.9%
2014	43.4%	43.7%
2015	42.9%	43.6%
2016	42.3%	43.3%
2017	41.8%	43.1%
2018	41.3%	42.8%
2019	40.9%	42.4%
2020	40.5%	42%
2021	40.1%	41.6%
2022	39.7%	41.2%
2023	39.4%	40.7%
2024	39.1%	40.2%
2025	38.8%	39.7%
2026	38.5%	39.2%
2027	38.3%	38.5%
2028	38.1%	37.9%
2029	37.8%	37.3%
2030	37.6%	36.7%
2031	37.3%	36.2%
2032	37%	35.7%
2033	36.6%	35.2%
2034	36.2%	34.8%
2035	35.8%	34.3%
2036	35.4%	33.9%
2037	34.9%	33.4%
2038	34.5%	33%
2039	34%	32.5%
2040	33.6%	32.1%
2041	33.2%	31.7%
2042	32.8%	31.3%
2043	32.4%	30.9%
2044	32%	30.5%
2045	31.7%	30.2%
2046	31.3%	29.8%
2047	31%	29.5%
2048	30.7%	29.1%
2049	30.3%	28.8%
2050	30%	28.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.1% of the population in Ethiopia and 40.2% in the Gambia in 2024, compared to 46.2% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ethiopia and the Gambia compared.

Natural population change in Ethiopia vs Gambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.64% in Ethiopia and +2.59% in the Gambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ethiopia	Gambia
1960	511,694	8,420
1961	538,518	8,778
1962	563,650	9,150
1963	590,998	9,493
1964	618,667	9,825
1965	642,359	10,162
1966	616,281	10,422
1967	695,283	10,823
1968	715,602	11,215
1969	736,428	11,670
1970	760,821	12,128
1971	787,047	12,842
1972	779,808	13,432
1973	807,535	14,046
1974	777,306	14,628
1975	801,425	15,256
1976	899,577	16,032
1977	929,381	16,773
1978	943,388	17,424
1979	987,203	18,543
1980	1,007,516	19,566
1981	1,018,838	20,156
1982	1,080,853	21,894
1983	863,472	23,175
1984	920,670	24,586
1985	997,050	25,795
1986	1,050,277	27,195
1987	1,356,853	28,452
1988	1,393,356	29,938
1989	1,441,769	31,504
1990	1,479,663	33,163
1991	1,579,416	34,584
1992	1,673,839	35,951
1993	1,734,851	37,302
1994	1,788,133	38,880
1995	1,831,068	39,681
1996	1,896,364	40,253
1997	1,945,112	40,742
1998	1,984,989	41,842
1999	2,010,987	42,533
2000	2,083,622	43,249
2001	2,137,791	44,154
2002	2,189,683	45,156
2003	2,231,223	46,473
2004	2,296,999	48,276
2005	2,353,375	50,010
2006	2,393,585	52,335
2007	2,436,753	53,653
2008	2,465,283	55,032
2009	2,467,118	56,575
2010	2,498,048	58,554
2011	2,527,811	60,571
2012	2,533,398	62,745
2013	2,546,020	63,510
2014	2,623,647	63,185
2015	2,713,529	62,832
2016	2,809,889	62,358
2017	2,899,143	61,665
2018	3,015,231	60,854
2019	3,132,780	61,701
2020	3,199,718	62,209
2021	3,204,673	62,239
2022	3,300,114	63,634
2023	3,338,649	65,118

Maternal mortality chart: Ethiopia vs Gambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 195 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ethiopia, compared to 354 deaths in the Gambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ethiopia	Gambia
1985	1,329	1,454
1986	1,317	1,401
1987	1,289	1,360
1988	1,306	1,302
1989	1,296	1,258
1990	1,320	1,207
1991	1,239	1,167
1992	1,218	1,115
1993	1,168	1,072
1994	1,113	1,039
1995	1,060	999
1996	1,008	956
1997	957	928
1998	911	867
1999	901	830
2000	870	810
2001	856	794
2002	826	772
2003	797	749
2004	764	719
2005	754	707
2006	729	682
2007	704	675
2008	678	653
2009	649	634
2010	619	632
2011	588	634
2012	545	628
2013	494	606
2014	444	561
2015	401	527
2016	364	490
2017	327	469
2018	297	450
2019	269	422
2020	244	400
2021	250	420
2022	207	365
2023	195	354

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.65% in Ethiopia and 4.41% in the Gambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ethiopia	Gambia
1960	-	36.2%
1961	-	35.5%
1962	-	34.8%
1963	-	34.1%
1964	-	33.5%
1965	-	32.8%
1966	27.8%	32.1%
1967	24.9%	31.5%
1968	24.8%	30.9%
1969	24.8%	30.2%
1970	24.7%	29.5%
1971	24.7%	28.9%
1972	24.7%	28.2%
1973	24.6%	27.5%
1974	28.3%	26.9%
1975	28.2%	26.2%
1976	24.5%	25.5%
1977	24.5%	24.9%
1978	24.4%	24.2%
1979	24.2%	23.6%
1980	24%	23%
1981	23.8%	22.3%
1982	23.5%	21.7%
1983	32%	21%
1984	31.4%	20.4%
1985	30.3%	19.7%
1986	29.7%	19.1%
1987	21.5%	18.4%
1988	21%	17.8%
1989	20.6%	17.2%
1990	20.2%	16.6%
1991	19.7%	16%
1992	19.1%	15.5%
1993	18.5%	14.9%
1994	17.9%	14.4%
1995	17.2%	13.9%
1996	16.6%	13.3%
1997	15.9%	12.8%
1998	15.3%	12.3%
1999	14.7%	11.8%
2000	14%	11.3%
2001	13.4%	10.9%
2002	12.8%	10.4%
2003	12.1%	9.95%
2004	11.5%	9.52%
2005	10.9%	9.11%
2006	10.3%	8.71%
2007	9.74%	8.33%
2008	9.23%	7.98%
2009	8.76%	7.64%
2010	8.32%	7.31%
2011	7.91%	7.01%
2012	7.53%	6.73%
2013	7.16%	6.45%
2014	6.82%	6.18%
2015	6.49%	5.93%
2016	6.17%	5.7%
2017	5.89%	5.47%
2018	5.64%	5.27%
2019	5.41%	5.07%
2020	5.2%	4.89%
2021	5%	4.72%
2022	4.82%	4.56%
2023	4.65%	4.41%