Fertility & birth rates in Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia

Fertility rate in Ethiopia vs Saudi Arabia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ethiopia was 3.99 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.28 in Saudi Arabia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ethiopia vs Saudi Arabia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ethiopia	Saudi Arabia
1960	6.51	7.63
1961	6.53	7.63
1962	6.56	7.64
1963	6.59	7.65
1964	6.61	7.67
1965	6.63	7.66
1966	6.66	7.66
1967	6.68	7.66
1968	6.7	7.63
1969	6.72	7.6
1970	6.78	7.58
1971	6.84	7.56
1972	6.9	7.54
1973	6.96	7.48
1974	7.02	7.43
1975	7.08	7.37
1976	7.13	7.33
1977	7.19	7.3
1978	7.23	7.26
1979	7.25	7.23
1980	7.29	7.15
1981	7.31	7.07
1982	7.34	6.98
1983	7.35	6.88
1984	7.36	6.78
1985	7.34	6.65
1986	7.32	6.52
1987	7.29	6.34
1988	7.26	6.15
1989	7.23	5.98
1990	7.2	5.8
1991	7.16	5.64
1992	7.13	5.49
1993	7.09	5.33
1994	7.05	5.16
1995	7	4.99
1996	6.93	4.81
1997	6.87	4.66
1998	6.79	4.52
1999	6.72	4.35
2000	6.65	4.21
2001	6.58	3.96
2002	6.5	3.71
2003	6.4	3.47
2004	6.3	3.26
2005	6.19	3.16
2006	6.05	3.18
2007	5.89	3.19
2008	5.7	3.07
2009	5.49	2.95
2010	5.28	2.81
2011	5.08	2.8
2012	4.89	2.78
2013	4.71	2.67
2014	4.61	2.68
2015	4.53	2.63
2016	4.47	2.65
2017	4.4	2.67
2018	4.37	2.67
2019	4.35	2.49
2020	4.27	2.27
2021	4.18	2.17
2022	4.08	2.14
2023	3.99	2.28
2024	3.91	2.31
2025	3.81	2.29
2026	3.72	2.27
2027	3.64	2.25
2028	3.57	2.22
2029	3.5	2.2
2030	3.43	2.17
2031	3.36	2.15
2032	3.3	2.13
2033	3.24	2.11
2034	3.19	2.09
2035	3.14	2.07
2036	3.08	2.05
2037	3.03	2.03
2038	2.99	2.01
2039	2.94	1.99
2040	2.9	1.98
2041	2.86	1.97
2042	2.83	1.95
2043	2.79	1.94
2044	2.75	1.93
2045	2.72	1.92
2046	2.68	1.91
2047	2.65	1.9
2048	2.62	1.89
2049	2.59	1.88
2050	2.55	1.87

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ethiopia	Saudi Arabia
1960	42.2%	43.4%
1961	42.2%	43.6%
1962	42.1%	43.9%
1963	42.2%	44.3%
1964	42.3%	44.6%
1965	42.5%	44.8%
1966	42.9%	45.1%
1967	43.2%	45.3%
1968	43.5%	45.4%
1969	43.8%	45.5%
1970	44.2%	45.5%
1971	44.5%	45.5%
1972	44.9%	45.3%
1973	45.2%	45.2%
1974	45.4%	45%
1975	45.6%	44.8%
1976	45.7%	44.6%
1977	45.9%	44.5%
1978	46.1%	44.3%
1979	46.2%	44.2%
1980	46.3%	44.1%
1981	46.4%	43.9%
1982	46.5%	43.8%
1983	46.4%	43.7%
1984	46.2%	43.6%
1985	46.1%	43.6%
1986	46%	43.5%
1987	46%	43.4%
1988	46%	43.3%
1989	46.1%	43.2%
1990	46.2%	43%
1991	46.2%	42.7%
1992	46.2%	42.4%
1993	46.4%	42.1%
1994	46.5%	41.7%
1995	46.7%	41.2%
1996	46.9%	40.7%
1997	47.1%	40.1%
1998	47.4%	39.5%
1999	47.6%	38.9%
2000	47.7%	38.3%
2001	47.8%	37.7%
2002	47.8%	36.8%
2003	47.7%	35.7%
2004	47.6%	34.5%
2005	47.4%	33.2%
2006	47.2%	31.9%
2007	46.9%	30.6%
2008	46.6%	29.5%
2009	46.2%	28.5%
2010	45.7%	27.6%
2011	45.2%	26.9%
2012	44.6%	26.3%
2013	44%	25.8%
2014	43.4%	25.4%
2015	42.9%	25.1%
2016	42.3%	24.9%
2017	41.8%	25.2%
2018	41.3%	25.7%
2019	40.9%	25.8%
2020	40.5%	25.5%
2021	40.1%	25.2%
2022	39.7%	24.6%
2023	39.4%	24.1%
2024	39.1%	23.8%
2025	38.8%	23.6%
2026	38.5%	23.4%
2027	38.3%	23.3%
2028	38.1%	23.1%
2029	37.8%	22.9%
2030	37.6%	22.8%
2031	37.3%	22.6%
2032	37%	22.5%
2033	36.6%	22.4%
2034	36.2%	22.3%
2035	35.8%	22.2%
2036	35.4%	22.2%
2037	34.9%	22.1%
2038	34.5%	22%
2039	34%	21.9%
2040	33.6%	21.7%
2041	33.2%	21.5%
2042	32.8%	21.3%
2043	32.4%	21.2%
2044	32%	21%
2045	31.7%	20.8%
2046	31.3%	20.7%
2047	31%	20.5%
2048	30.7%	20.4%
2049	30.3%	20.2%
2050	30%	20.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.1% of the population in Ethiopia and 23.8% in Saudi Arabia in 2024, compared to 46.2% and 43% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia compared.

Natural population change in Ethiopia vs Saudi Arabia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.64% in Ethiopia and +1.57% in Saudi Arabia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ethiopia	Saudi Arabia
1960	511,694	74,143
1961	538,518	77,743
1962	563,650	81,393
1963	590,998	85,480
1964	618,667	89,776
1965	642,359	93,820
1966	616,281	98,361
1967	695,283	103,343
1968	715,602	108,281
1969	736,428	113,859
1970	760,821	120,440
1971	787,047	127,600
1972	779,808	136,360
1973	807,535	145,450
1974	777,306	155,478
1975	801,425	166,223
1976	899,577	178,024
1977	929,381	191,103
1978	943,388	205,331
1979	987,203	220,186
1980	1,007,516	234,372
1981	1,018,838	249,156
1982	1,080,853	264,831
1983	863,472	280,616
1984	920,670	296,615
1985	997,050	310,558
1986	1,050,277	322,340
1987	1,356,853	333,088
1988	1,393,356	342,865
1989	1,441,769	349,399
1990	1,479,663	355,495
1991	1,579,416	361,329
1992	1,673,839	366,763
1993	1,734,851	372,621
1994	1,788,133	377,351
1995	1,831,068	380,231
1996	1,896,364	382,248
1997	1,945,112	385,033
1998	1,984,989	389,499
1999	2,010,987	390,112
2000	2,083,622	392,407
2001	2,137,791	382,153
2002	2,189,683	372,099
2003	2,231,223	364,520
2004	2,296,999	362,843
2005	2,353,375	375,938
2006	2,393,585	399,333
2007	2,436,753	425,199
2008	2,465,283	433,457
2009	2,467,118	438,557
2010	2,498,048	418,641
2011	2,527,811	443,675
2012	2,533,398	465,649
2013	2,546,020	475,299
2014	2,623,647	493,431
2015	2,713,529	511,023
2016	2,809,889	537,829
2017	2,899,143	546,751
2018	3,015,231	528,767
2019	3,132,780	474,407
2020	3,199,718	447,036
2021	3,204,673	409,032
2022	3,300,114	406,920
2023	3,338,649	474,366

Maternal mortality chart: Ethiopia vs Saudi Arabia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 195 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ethiopia, compared to 7 deaths in Saudi Arabia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ethiopia	Saudi Arabia
1985	1,329	40
1986	1,317	38
1987	1,289	36
1988	1,306	34
1989	1,296	32
1990	1,320	30
1991	1,239	29
1992	1,218	27
1993	1,168	26
1994	1,113	25
1995	1,060	24
1996	1,008	23
1997	957	23
1998	911	22
1999	901	21
2000	870	20
2001	856	19
2002	826	18
2003	797	16
2004	764	16
2005	754	15
2006	729	14
2007	704	13
2008	678	12
2009	649	11
2010	619	11
2011	588	10
2012	545	9
2013	494	9
2014	444	8
2015	401	8
2016	364	8
2017	327	8
2018	297	8
2019	269	8
2020	244	11
2021	250	12
2022	207	9
2023	195	7

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.65% in Ethiopia and 0.62% in Saudi Arabia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ethiopia	Saudi Arabia
1966	27.8%	-
1967	24.9%	-
1968	24.8%	-
1969	24.8%	-
1970	24.7%	-
1971	24.7%	-
1972	24.7%	16%
1973	24.6%	14.9%
1974	28.3%	14%
1975	28.2%	13.1%
1976	24.5%	12.2%
1977	24.5%	11.4%
1978	24.4%	10.7%
1979	24.2%	9.99%
1980	24%	9.34%
1981	23.8%	8.71%
1982	23.5%	8.12%
1983	32%	7.56%
1984	31.4%	7.04%
1985	30.3%	6.55%
1986	29.7%	6.07%
1987	21.5%	5.62%
1988	21%	5.19%
1989	20.6%	4.8%
1990	20.2%	4.44%
1991	19.7%	4.11%
1992	19.1%	3.81%
1993	18.5%	3.54%
1994	17.9%	3.29%
1995	17.2%	3.06%
1996	16.6%	2.86%
1997	15.9%	2.67%
1998	15.3%	2.5%
1999	14.7%	2.35%
2000	14%	2.21%
2001	13.4%	2.08%
2002	12.8%	1.96%
2003	12.1%	1.85%
2004	11.5%	1.75%
2005	10.9%	1.65%
2006	10.3%	1.56%
2007	9.74%	1.47%
2008	9.23%	1.38%
2009	8.76%	1.3%
2010	8.32%	1.22%
2011	7.91%	1.15%
2012	7.53%	1.08%
2013	7.16%	1.02%
2014	6.82%	0.96%
2015	6.49%	0.9%
2016	6.17%	0.85%
2017	5.89%	0.8%
2018	5.64%	0.76%
2019	5.41%	0.72%
2020	5.2%	0.69%
2021	5%	0.66%
2022	4.82%	0.64%
2023	4.65%	0.62%