Fertility & birth rates in Costa Rica and Jamaica

Fertility rate in Costa Rica vs Jamaica chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Costa Rica was 1.33 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.36 in Jamaica in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Costa Rica vs Jamaica population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Costa Rica	Jamaica
1960	6.71	5.54
1961	6.65	5.6
1962	6.54	5.64
1963	6.39	5.73
1964	6.19	5.79
1965	5.96	5.72
1966	5.7	5.69
1967	5.42	5.67
1968	5.03	5.58
1969	4.84	5.47
1970	4.59	5.35
1971	4.36	5.21
1972	4.16	5.06
1973	3.99	5
1974	3.89	4.67
1975	3.8	4.44
1976	3.75	4.21
1977	3.7	4
1978	3.66	3.84
1979	3.65	3.72
1980	3.58	3.59
1981	3.56	3.51
1982	3.54	3.46
1983	3.53	3.41
1984	3.52	3.32
1985	3.51	3.21
1986	3.45	3.11
1987	3.38	3.02
1988	3.31	2.98
1989	3.24	2.93
1990	3.17	2.96
1991	3.08	3
1992	3	3.03
1993	2.93	2.99
1994	2.86	2.93
1995	2.78	2.85
1996	2.68	2.77
1997	2.59	2.68
1998	2.53	2.57
1999	2.48	2.47
2000	2.41	2.35
2001	2.31	2.3
2002	2.16	2.27
2003	2.08	2.24
2004	2.03	2.2
2005	2.04	2.15
2006	1.94	2.09
2007	1.95	2.02
2008	1.98	1.95
2009	1.95	1.88
2010	1.83	1.8
2011	1.88	1.72
2012	1.85	1.65
2013	1.78	1.59
2014	1.8	1.54
2015	1.8	1.51
2016	1.75	1.46
2017	1.71	1.43
2018	1.71	1.4
2019	1.6	1.39
2020	1.45	1.38
2021	1.35	1.38
2022	1.34	1.37
2023	1.33	1.36
2024	1.32	1.35
2025	1.31	1.34
2026	1.31	1.33
2027	1.31	1.33
2028	1.3	1.33
2029	1.31	1.33
2030	1.31	1.33
2031	1.31	1.33
2032	1.32	1.34
2033	1.32	1.34
2034	1.32	1.34
2035	1.33	1.35
2036	1.33	1.35
2037	1.34	1.36
2038	1.34	1.36
2039	1.35	1.37
2040	1.35	1.37
2041	1.35	1.37
2042	1.36	1.37
2043	1.36	1.38
2044	1.37	1.38
2045	1.37	1.39
2046	1.37	1.39
2047	1.38	1.39
2048	1.38	1.4
2049	1.38	1.4
2050	1.38	1.41

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Costa Rica	Jamaica
1960	46.4%	41.2%
1961	46.6%	41.7%
1962	46.7%	42.2%
1963	46.7%	42.7%
1964	46.6%	43.3%
1965	46.5%	43.9%
1966	46.3%	44.3%
1967	45.9%	44.6%
1968	45.5%	44.9%
1969	45%	45%
1970	44.4%	45%
1971	43.8%	44.8%
1972	43.1%	44.4%
1973	42.3%	44%
1974	41.5%	43.5%
1975	40.8%	42.9%
1976	40%	42.3%
1977	39.2%	41.7%
1978	38.6%	41%
1979	38%	40.4%
1980	37.5%	39.8%
1981	37.1%	39.2%
1982	36.7%	38.7%
1983	36.5%	38.2%
1984	36.4%	37.9%
1985	36.3%	37.5%
1986	36.3%	37.2%
1987	36.2%	36.8%
1988	36.2%	36.5%
1989	36.1%	36.1%
1990	36%	35.8%
1991	35.7%	35.5%
1992	35.4%	35.4%
1993	35%	35.3%
1994	34.6%	35.2%
1995	34.1%	35.1%
1996	33.6%	34.9%
1997	33%	34.6%
1998	32.4%	34.2%
1999	31.8%	33.8%
2000	31.1%	33.2%
2001	30.5%	32.7%
2002	29.8%	32.2%
2003	29.1%	31.7%
2004	28.4%	31.2%
2005	27.7%	30.6%
2006	27.1%	30%
2007	26.5%	29.3%
2008	25.9%	28.5%
2009	25.4%	27.7%
2010	24.9%	26.9%
2011	24.3%	26.2%
2012	23.9%	25.4%
2013	23.4%	24.7%
2014	23%	24%
2015	22.5%	23.4%
2016	22.1%	22.8%
2017	21.8%	22.3%
2018	21.4%	21.7%
2019	21.1%	21.1%
2020	20.7%	20.6%
2021	20.3%	20%
2022	19.8%	19.6%
2023	19.3%	19.1%
2024	18.8%	18.7%
2025	18.3%	18.3%
2026	17.8%	17.9%
2027	17.3%	17.6%
2028	16.9%	17.2%
2029	16.4%	16.9%
2030	16%	16.7%
2031	15.5%	16.4%
2032	15.1%	16.2%
2033	14.7%	15.9%
2034	14.4%	15.7%
2035	14.1%	15.5%
2036	13.9%	15.3%
2037	13.8%	15.1%
2038	13.7%	14.8%
2039	13.6%	14.6%
2040	13.5%	14.4%
2041	13.4%	14.2%
2042	13.3%	14%
2043	13.2%	13.8%
2044	13.2%	13.6%
2045	13.1%	13.4%
2046	13%	13.2%
2047	12.9%	13%
2048	12.8%	12.8%
2049	12.7%	12.6%
2050	12.6%	12.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 18.8% of the population in Costa Rica and 18.7% in Jamaica in 2024, compared to 36% and 35.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Costa Rica and Jamaica compared.

Natural population change in Costa Rica vs Jamaica by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.74% in Costa Rica and +0.49% in Jamaica. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Costa Rica	Jamaica
1960	48,857	51,944
1961	50,149	51,931
1962	51,046	51,758
1963	51,403	52,277
1964	51,435	52,501
1965	51,196	51,423
1966	50,755	50,808
1967	50,193	50,187
1968	48,361	49,189
1969	48,790	48,258
1970	48,398	47,547
1971	48,341	47,206
1972	48,417	46,676
1973	48,943	47,438
1974	50,349	45,526
1975	51,979	44,736
1976	54,019	43,878
1977	56,122	42,999
1978	58,327	42,475
1979	60,984	42,449
1980	62,561	42,316
1981	64,632	42,898
1982	66,826	43,816
1983	68,972	45,095
1984	71,062	45,644
1985	72,776	45,122
1986	73,211	44,520
1987	73,188	44,155
1988	72,944	43,978
1989	72,327	43,591
1990	71,727	44,465
1991	70,506	45,617
1992	69,830	46,494
1993	69,016	46,090
1994	68,336	45,210
1995	67,585	43,705
1996	66,094	42,297
1997	64,954	40,521
1998	64,788	38,628
1999	64,922	36,649
2000	64,268	34,452
2001	62,199	33,666
2002	58,388	33,572
2003	56,743	33,340
2004	55,769	32,500
2005	57,139	31,506
2006	54,177	30,213
2007	55,244	28,886
2008	56,491	27,553
2009	55,757	26,311
2010	50,803	25,031
2011	52,884	23,627
2012	52,036	22,320
2013	49,227	21,037
2014	49,559	19,751
2015	49,077	18,489
2016	45,565	16,944
2017	43,471	15,419
2018	42,469	13,929
2019	37,682	13,094
2020	29,164	12,170
2021	20,119	6,382
2022	21,409	11,215
2023	24,109	10,072

Maternal mortality chart: Costa Rica vs Jamaica

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 24 deaths per 100,000 live births in Costa Rica, compared to 130 deaths in Jamaica.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Costa Rica	Jamaica
1985	43	45
1986	42	45
1987	41	46
1988	40	48
1989	40	50
1990	40	54
1991	39	58
1992	39	62
1993	39	67
1994	39	71
1995	39	74
1996	39	77
1997	38	79
1998	37	80
1999	36	81
2000	36	82
2001	35	82
2002	34	81
2003	33	79
2004	33	77
2005	31	81
2006	30	89
2007	30	89
2008	30	91
2009	29	93
2010	29	94
2011	28	89
2012	27	89
2013	27	94
2014	27	100
2015	26	100
2016	27	102
2017	27	106
2018	28	112
2019	26	120
2020	34	126
2021	44	186
2022	27	138
2023	24	130

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.05% in Costa Rica and 1.93% in Jamaica. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Costa Rica	Jamaica
1960	9.62%	8.17%
1961	9.36%	7.79%
1962	9.27%	7.45%
1963	9.25%	7.17%
1964	9.18%	6.91%
1965	9.02%	6.69%
1966	8.78%	6.49%
1967	8.49%	6.28%
1968	8.17%	6.08%
1969	7.85%	5.87%
1970	7.48%	5.64%
1971	7.02%	5.41%
1972	6.45%	5.18%
1973	5.82%	4.95%
1974	5.17%	4.74%
1975	4.54%	4.55%
1976	3.93%	4.37%
1977	3.39%	4.21%
1978	2.96%	4.06%
1979	2.65%	3.92%
1980	2.45%	3.78%
1981	2.33%	3.66%
1982	2.29%	3.54%
1983	2.27%	3.43%
1984	2.25%	3.32%
1985	2.2%	3.22%
1986	2.12%	3.13%
1987	2.01%	3.04%
1988	1.89%	2.96%
1989	1.78%	2.88%
1990	1.69%	2.8%
1991	1.62%	2.73%
1992	1.57%	2.66%
1993	1.53%	2.58%
1994	1.51%	2.51%
1995	1.49%	2.43%
1996	1.47%	2.35%
1997	1.45%	2.27%
1998	1.41%	2.19%
1999	1.36%	2.12%
2000	1.31%	2.06%
2001	1.26%	2%
2002	1.22%	1.97%
2003	1.18%	1.94%
2004	1.15%	1.92%
2005	1.13%	1.92%
2006	1.12%	1.91%
2007	1.11%	1.92%
2008	1.09%	1.92%
2009	1.07%	1.91%
2010	1.05%	1.91%
2011	1.02%	1.9%
2012	0.98%	1.89%
2013	0.95%	1.88%
2014	0.92%	1.87%
2015	0.9%	1.87%
2016	0.89%	1.86%
2017	0.89%	1.86%
2018	0.89%	1.87%
2019	0.91%	1.88%
2020	0.94%	1.9%
2021	0.97%	1.91%
2022	1.01%	1.93%
2023	1.05%	1.93%