Fertility & birth rates in Colombia and Costa Rica

Fertility rate in Colombia vs Costa Rica by year

Chart Table

Colombia

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2023	1.65	1.33
2022	1.66	1.34
2021	1.68	1.35
2020	1.69	1.45
2019	1.71	1.6
2018	1.72	1.71
2017	1.72	1.71
2016	1.72	1.75
2015	1.77	1.8
2014	1.82	1.8
2013	1.86	1.78
2012	1.9	1.85
2011	1.94	1.88
2010	2.01	1.83
2009	2.1	1.95
2008	2.15	1.98
2007	2.19	1.95
2006	2.24	1.94
2005	2.31	2.04
2004	2.38	2.03
2003	2.45	2.08
2002	2.49	2.16
2001	2.52	2.31
2000	2.57	2.41
1999	2.64	2.48
1998	2.72	2.53
1997	2.74	2.59
1996	2.77	2.68
1995	2.85	2.78
1994	2.94	2.86
1993	2.98	2.93
1992	2.98	3
1991	2.98	3.08
1990	3	3.17
1989	3.01	3.24
1988	3.04	3.31
1987	3.09	3.38
1986	3.15	3.45
1985	3.23	3.51
1984	3.35	3.52
1983	3.5	3.53
1982	3.62	3.54
1981	3.71	3.56
1980	3.8	3.58
1979	3.89	3.65
1978	4	3.66
1977	4.16	3.7
1976	4.29	3.75
1975	4.4	3.8
1974	4.53	3.89
1973	4.68	3.99
1972	4.86	4.16
1971	5.06	4.36
1970	5.28	4.59
1969	5.51	4.84
1968	5.74	5.03
1967	5.96	5.42
1966	6.16	5.7
1965	6.33	5.96
1964	6.48	6.19
1963	6.58	6.39
1962	6.66	6.54
1961	6.71	6.65
1960	6.74	6.71

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Colombia was 1.65 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.33 in Costa Rica in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Colombia vs Costa Rica population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Colombia

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2023	422,598	24,109
2022	406,143	21,409
2021	311,122	20,119
2020	378,965	29,164
2019	441,087	37,682
2018	433,622	42,469
2017	426,538	43,471
2016	425,087	45,565
2015	446,778	49,077
2014	470,916	49,559
2013	489,069	49,227
2012	503,285	52,036
2011	511,524	52,884
2010	533,657	50,803
2009	559,017	55,757
2008	576,654	56,491
2007	583,115	55,244
2006	594,388	54,177
2005	610,618	57,139
2004	628,424	55,769
2003	642,144	56,743
2002	640,840	58,388
2001	642,933	62,199
2000	652,176	64,268
1999	668,576	64,922
1998	687,704	64,788
1997	686,073	64,954
1996	682,547	66,094
1995	694,968	67,585
1994	708,660	68,336
1993	709,287	69,016
1992	697,763	69,830
1991	690,266	70,506
1990	682,409	71,727
1989	674,102	72,327
1988	663,796	72,944
1987	659,429	73,188
1986	659,701	73,211
1985	625,379	72,776
1984	666,315	71,062
1983	674,767	68,972
1982	675,339	66,826
1981	662,195	64,632
1980	649,872	62,561
1979	635,747	60,984
1978	626,378	58,327
1977	622,814	56,122
1976	612,265	54,019
1975	598,580	51,979
1974	589,035	50,349
1973	583,608	48,943
1972	581,361	48,417
1971	582,011	48,341
1970	583,396	48,398
1969	586,559	48,790
1968	589,407	48,361
1967	591,649	50,193
1966	590,855	50,755
1965	587,677	51,196
1964	581,435	51,435
1963	572,355	51,403
1962	559,985	51,046
1961	545,627	50,149
1960	529,316	48,857

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.81% in Colombia and +0.47% in Costa Rica.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.85% in Colombia and +0.74% in Costa Rica.

Birth rate in Colombia vs Costa Rica by year

Chart Table

Colombia

Costa Rica

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2023	13.5	10.2
2022	13.7	10.3
2021	13.9	10.5
2020	14.1	11.4
2019	14.2	12.7
2018	14.2	13.6
2017	14.2	13.8
2016	14.3	14.2
2015	14.8	14.7
2014	15.3	14.8
2013	15.6	14.8
2012	16	15.5
2011	16.3	15.8
2010	16.9	15.4
2009	17.7	16.5
2008	18.2	16.8
2007	18.6	16.6
2006	19	16.4
2005	19.6	17.3
2004	20.3	17.1
2003	20.9	17.6
2002	21.4	18.2
2001	21.7	19.4
2000	22.3	20.2
1999	22.9	20.7
1998	23.6	21
1997	24	21.5
1996	24.3	22.2
1995	25.1	23
1994	26	23.6
1993	26.5	24.3
1992	26.6	25
1991	26.8	25.7
1990	26.9	26.7
1989	27	27.5
1988	27.2	28.3
1987	27.5	29.1
1986	27.9	29.8
1985	28.3	30.4
1984	29	30.5
1983	29.9	30.5
1982	30.5	30.5
1981	30.8	30.4
1980	31.1	30.4
1979	31.2	30.5
1978	31.5	30.2
1977	32.2	30
1976	32.5	29.9
1975	32.7	29.8
1974	33.1	29.9
1973	33.7	30.1
1972	34.4	30.7
1971	35.4	31.6
1970	36.5	32.6
1969	37.6	33.8
1968	38.9	34.6
1967	40.2	36.8
1966	41.3	38.3
1965	42.4	39.9
1964	43.4	41.4
1963	44.2	42.7
1962	44.9	43.9
1961	45.5	44.8
1960	45.9	45.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 13.5 in Colombia and 10.2 in Costa Rica, compared with 45.9 and 45.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Colombia

Factual

UN forecast

Costa Rica

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2100	12.2%	10.3%
2099	12.2%	10.3%
2098	12.2%	10.3%
2097	12.2%	10.3%
2096	12.2%	10.3%
2095	12.2%	10.4%
2094	12.2%	10.4%
2093	12.2%	10.4%
2092	12.2%	10.4%
2091	12.2%	10.4%
2090	12.2%	10.5%
2089	12.2%	10.5%
2088	12.2%	10.5%
2087	12.2%	10.5%
2086	12.2%	10.5%
2085	12.2%	10.5%
2084	12.2%	10.5%
2083	12.3%	10.6%
2082	12.3%	10.6%
2081	12.3%	10.5%
2080	12.3%	10.5%
2079	12.4%	10.5%
2078	12.4%	10.5%
2077	12.4%	10.5%
2076	12.5%	10.5%
2075	12.5%	10.5%
2074	12.6%	10.5%
2073	12.6%	10.5%
2072	12.7%	10.5%
2071	12.8%	10.5%
2070	12.8%	10.5%
2069	12.9%	10.6%
2068	13%	10.6%
2067	13.1%	10.7%
2066	13.1%	10.8%
2065	13.2%	10.8%
2064	13.3%	10.9%
2063	13.4%	11%
2062	13.4%	11.2%
2061	13.5%	11.3%
2060	13.6%	11.4%
2059	13.7%	11.5%
2058	13.8%	11.7%
2057	13.8%	11.8%
2056	13.9%	11.9%
2055	14%	12.1%
2054	14.1%	12.2%
2053	14.3%	12.3%
2052	14.4%	12.4%
2051	14.5%	12.6%
2050	14.6%	12.7%
2049	14.8%	12.8%
2048	14.9%	12.9%
2047	15.1%	13%
2046	15.3%	13%
2045	15.4%	13.1%
2044	15.6%	13.2%
2043	15.8%	13.3%
2042	16.1%	13.4%
2041	16.3%	13.5%
2040	16.5%	13.5%
2039	16.8%	13.6%
2038	17%	13.7%
2037	17.3%	13.9%
2036	17.6%	14%
2035	17.8%	14.2%
2034	18.1%	14.5%
2033	18.3%	14.9%
2032	18.5%	15.3%
2031	18.7%	15.7%
2030	18.9%	16.2%
2029	19.2%	16.7%
2028	19.4%	17.1%
2027	19.6%	17.6%
2026	19.9%	18.1%
2025	20.1%	18.5%
2024	20.3%	18.8%
2023	20.6%	19.3%
2022	21%	19.8%
2021	21.3%	20.3%
2020	21.7%	20.7%
2019	22.1%	21.1%
2018	22.7%	21.4%
2017	23.3%	21.8%
2016	23.9%	22.1%
2015	24.5%	22.5%
2014	25.1%	23%
2013	25.7%	23.4%
2012	26.3%	23.9%
2011	26.9%	24.3%
2010	27.5%	24.9%
2009	28.1%	25.4%
2008	28.7%	25.9%
2007	29.3%	26.5%
2006	29.9%	27.1%
2005	30.4%	27.7%
2004	30.9%	28.4%
2003	31.3%	29.1%
2002	31.7%	29.8%
2001	32.1%	30.5%
2000	32.5%	31.1%
1999	32.9%	31.8%
1998	33.3%	32.4%
1997	33.7%	33%
1996	34%	33.6%
1995	34.4%	34.1%
1994	34.7%	34.6%
1993	35%	35%
1992	35.3%	35.4%
1991	35.6%	35.7%
1990	35.9%	36%
1989	36.2%	36.1%
1988	36.5%	36.2%
1987	36.9%	36.2%
1986	37.2%	36.3%
1985	37.6%	36.3%
1984	38.1%	36.4%
1983	38.6%	36.5%
1982	39.1%	36.7%
1981	39.7%	37.1%
1980	40.3%	37.5%
1979	40.9%	38%
1978	41.5%	38.6%
1977	42.2%	39.2%
1976	42.8%	40%
1975	43.4%	40.8%
1974	44%	41.5%
1973	44.6%	42.3%
1972	45.1%	43.1%
1971	45.6%	43.8%
1970	46%	44.4%
1969	46.4%	45%
1968	46.7%	45.5%
1967	46.9%	45.9%
1966	47.1%	46.3%
1965	47.2%	46.5%
1964	47.3%	46.6%
1963	47.2%	46.7%
1962	47.1%	46.7%
1961	47%	46.6%
1960	46.8%	46.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 20.3% of the population in Colombia and 18.8% in Costa Rica in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 36% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Colombia and Costa Rica compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Colombia vs Costa Rica

Chart Table

Colombia

Costa Rica

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2023	59	24
2022	74	27
2021	147	44
2020	94	34
2019	66	26
2018	67	28
2017	68	27
2016	69	27
2015	70	26
2014	71	27
2013	72	27
2012	73	27
2011	75	28
2010	76	29
2009	77	29
2008	78	30
2007	80	30
2006	81	30
2005	82	31
2004	84	33
2003	87	33
2002	91	34
2001	94	35
2000	95	36
1999	96	36
1998	92	37
1997	90	38
1996	89	39
1995	91	39
1994	93	39
1993	94	39
1992	97	39
1991	99	39
1990	102	40
1989	106	40
1988	113	40
1987	120	41
1986	123	42
1985	143	43

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 59 deaths per 100,000 live births in Colombia, compared to 24 deaths in Costa Rica.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Colombia

Costa Rica

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Colombia	Costa Rica
2023	1.2%	1.05%
2022	1.24%	1.01%
2021	1.28%	0.97%
2020	1.32%	0.94%
2019	1.37%	0.91%
2018	1.41%	0.89%
2017	1.46%	0.89%
2016	1.51%	0.89%
2015	1.56%	0.9%
2014	1.61%	0.92%
2013	1.66%	0.95%
2012	1.72%	0.98%
2011	1.77%	1.02%
2010	1.83%	1.05%
2009	1.89%	1.07%
2008	1.96%	1.09%
2007	2.02%	1.11%
2006	2.09%	1.12%
2005	2.15%	1.13%
2004	2.22%	1.15%
2003	2.28%	1.18%
2002	2.35%	1.22%
2001	2.43%	1.26%
2000	2.51%	1.31%
1999	2.59%	1.36%
1998	2.68%	1.41%
1997	2.78%	1.45%
1996	2.88%	1.47%
1995	2.99%	1.49%
1994	3.1%	1.51%
1993	3.21%	1.53%
1992	3.33%	1.57%
1991	3.45%	1.62%
1990	3.57%	1.69%
1989	3.7%	1.78%
1988	3.84%	1.89%
1987	3.99%	2.01%
1986	4.17%	2.12%
1985	4.89%	2.2%
1984	4.62%	2.25%
1983	4.88%	2.27%
1982	5.17%	2.29%
1981	5.5%	2.33%
1980	5.84%	2.45%
1979	6.2%	2.65%
1978	6.58%	2.96%
1977	6.98%	3.39%
1976	7.39%	3.93%
1975	7.8%	4.54%
1974	8.2%	5.17%
1973	8.6%	5.82%
1972	8.99%	6.45%
1971	9.36%	7.02%
1970	9.72%	7.48%
1969	10.1%	7.85%
1968	10.4%	8.17%
1967	10.8%	8.49%
1966	11.1%	8.78%
1965	11.5%	9.02%
1964	11.8%	9.18%
1963	12.2%	9.25%
1962	12.6%	9.27%
1961	13%	9.36%
1960	13.4%	9.62%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.2% in Colombia and 1.05% in Costa Rica. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.