The Czech Republic has a GDP of $391B compared to $109B for Sri Lanka, ranking 42/197 and 71/197 by economy size, respectively.
The Czech Republic has $174B in government debt (44.6% of GDP), compared to $100B (100.8% of GDP) in Sri Lanka.
Czech Republic vs Sri Lanka GDP by year
| Year | GDP, current $ | |
|---|---|---|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
| 2025 | $391,026,962,800 | $108,825,231,671 |
| 2024 | $347,082,562,221 | $99,616,111,266 |
| 2023 | $345,059,295,660 | $84,080,307,356 |
| 2022 | $301,831,228,326 | $74,143,020,304 |
| 2021 | $290,972,714,482 | $88,556,699,052 |
| 2020 | $251,109,660,603 | $84,335,574,372 |
| 2019 | $256,794,209,029 | $88,998,706,178 |
| 2018 | $251,992,360,762 | $94,450,015,983 |
| 2017 | $221,563,575,696 | $94,369,350,439 |
| 2016 | $198,160,659,304 | $88,000,210,878 |
| 2015 | $189,107,698,562 | $85,090,300,896 |
| 2014 | $210,911,285,078 | $82,531,125,462 |
| 2013 | $213,024,360,541 | $76,976,204,075 |
| 2012 | $210,363,223,088 | $70,447,216,891 |
| 2011 | $231,429,378,717 | $67,753,285,882 |
| 2010 | $211,168,667,286 | $58,636,049,581 |
| 2009 | $206,971,882,705 | $42,066,224,093 |
| 2008 | $236,506,264,754 | $40,713,826,215 |
| 2007 | $190,040,702,287 | $32,350,238,760 |
| 2006 | $156,236,258,387 | $28,267,410,543 |
| 2005 | $137,264,185,596 | $24,405,791,045 |
| 2004 | $120,147,899,984 | $20,662,525,941 |
| 2003 | $100,435,924,705 | $18,881,765,437 |
| 2002 | $82,607,869,610 | $16,536,535,647 |
| 2001 | $68,135,304,464 | $15,749,753,805 |
| 2000 | $62,175,642,238 | $16,595,882,819 |
| 1999 | $65,586,562,605 | $15,711,933,513 |
| 1998 | $67,187,217,328 | $15,760,736,956 |
| 1997 | $62,539,765,163 | $15,091,913,884 |
| 1996 | $67,804,105,330 | $13,897,738,375 |
| 1995 | $60,572,381,311 | $13,029,697,561 |
| 1994 | $48,188,478,339 | $11,717,604,209 |
| 1993 | $41,155,654,032 | $10,338,679,636 |
| 1992 | $35,051,065,440 | $9,703,011,636 |
| 1991 | $30,071,014,282 | $9,000,362,582 |
| 1990 | $41,016,881,802 | $8,032,551,173 |
| 1989 | - | $6,987,267,684 |
| 1988 | - | $6,978,371,581 |
| 1987 | - | $6,682,167,120 |
| 1986 | - | $6,405,210,564 |
| 1985 | - | $5,978,460,972 |
| 1984 | - | $6,043,474,843 |
| 1983 | - | $5,167,913,302 |
| 1982 | - | $4,768,765,017 |
| 1981 | - | $4,415,844,156 |
| 1980 | - | $4,024,621,900 |
| 1979 | - | $3,364,611,432 |
| 1978 | - | $2,733,183,857 |
| 1977 | - | $4,104,509,583 |
| 1976 | - | $3,591,319,857 |
| 1975 | - | $3,791,298,146 |
| 1974 | - | $3,574,586,466 |
| 1973 | - | $2,875,625,000 |
| 1972 | - | $2,553,936,348 |
| 1971 | - | $2,369,308,600 |
| 1970 | - | $2,296,470,588 |
| 1969 | - | $1,965,546,218 |
| 1968 | - | $1,801,344,538 |
| 1967 | - | $1,859,465,021 |
| 1966 | - | $1,751,470,588 |
| 1965 | - | $1,698,319,328 |
| 1964 | - | $1,309,747,899 |
| 1963 | - | $1,240,672,269 |
| 1962 | - | $1,434,156,379 |
| 1961 | - | $1,444,327,731 |
| 1960 | - | $1,409,873,950 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY 
GDP per capita in Czech Republic vs Sri Lanka by year
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | $35,917 | - | $5,002 | - |
| 2024 | $31,828 | $57,285 | $4,545 | $15,633 |
| 2023 | $31,762 | $55,761 | $3,815 | $14,456 |
| 2022 | $28,282 | $52,947 | $3,343 | $14,194 |
| 2021 | $27,696 | $47,796 | $3,997 | $14,316 |
| 2020 | $23,473 | $44,839 | $3,848 | $12,941 |
| 2019 | $24,063 | $45,614 | $4,082 | $14,113 |
| 2018 | $23,706 | $41,638 | $4,359 | $14,178 |
| 2017 | $20,913 | $39,346 | $4,399 | $13,610 |
| 2016 | $18,754 | $36,445 | $4,149 | $13,079 |
| 2015 | $17,932 | $34,093 | $4,058 | $12,227 |
| 2014 | $20,038 | $32,743 | $3,972 | $11,721 |
| 2013 | $20,260 | $31,013 | $3,739 | $11,253 |
| 2012 | $20,014 | $29,466 | $3,328 | $10,249 |
| 2011 | $22,049 | $29,237 | $3,225 | $9,076 |
| 2010 | $20,160 | $28,154 | $2,808 | $8,234 |
| 2009 | $19,817 | $27,713 | $2,027 | $7,576 |
| 2008 | $22,775 | $27,938 | $1,974 | $7,317 |
| 2007 | $18,453 | $26,268 | $1,579 | $6,820 |
| 2006 | $15,259 | $23,914 | $1,389 | $6,261 |
| 2005 | $13,442 | $22,115 | $1,207 | $5,679 |
| 2004 | $11,783 | $20,988 | $1,029 | $5,216 |
| 2003 | $9,852 | $19,604 | $946 | $4,850 |
| 2002 | $8,101 | $18,344 | $835 | $4,522 |
| 2001 | $6,669 | $17,709 | $804 | $4,328 |
| 2000 | $6,063 | $16,332 | $860 | $4,368 |
| 1999 | $6,378 | $15,494 | $829 | $4,103 |
| 1998 | $6,527 | $15,064 | $848 | $3,952 |
| 1997 | $6,069 | $14,911 | $827 | $3,804 |
| 1996 | $6,573 | $14,781 | $776 | $3,582 |
| 1995 | $5,865 | $13,957 | $742 | $3,454 |
| 1994 | $4,663 | $12,862 | $678 | $3,260 |
| 1993 | $3,984 | $12,242 | $607 | $3,067 |
| 1992 | $3,397 | $11,963 | $580 | $2,851 |
| 1991 | $2,917 | $11,768 | $546 | $2,713 |
| 1990 | $3,969 | $12,848 | $491 | $2,527 |
| 1989 | - | - | $430 | - |
| 1988 | - | - | $434 | - |
| 1987 | - | - | $420 | - |
| 1986 | - | - | $407 | - |
| 1985 | - | - | $385 | - |
| 1984 | - | - | $391 | - |
| 1983 | - | - | $336 | - |
| 1982 | - | - | $312 | - |
| 1981 | - | - | $292.5 | - |
| 1980 | - | - | $271.1 | - |
| 1979 | - | - | $230.8 | - |
| 1978 | - | - | $191 | - |
| 1977 | - | - | $292.1 | - |
| 1976 | - | - | $260.3 | - |
| 1975 | - | - | $279.8 | - |
| 1974 | - | - | $268.7 | - |
| 1973 | - | - | $220.2 | - |
| 1972 | - | - | $199.4 | - |
| 1971 | - | - | $188.8 | - |
| 1970 | - | - | $186.9 | - |
| 1969 | - | - | $163.6 | - |
| 1968 | - | - | $153.5 | - |
| 1967 | - | - | $162.3 | - |
| 1966 | - | - | $156.6 | - |
| 1965 | - | - | $155.6 | - |
| 1964 | - | - | $122.9 | - |
| 1963 | - | - | $119.4 | - |
| 1962 | - | - | $141.4 | - |
| 1961 | - | - | $145.9 | - |
| 1960 | - | - | $145.9 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
The Czech Republic's GDP per capita is $35,917, ranking 35/197, compared to $5,002 in Sri Lanka, ranking 124/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Czech Republic ranks 35th at $57,285, while Sri Lanka ranks 111th at $15,633.
Economic indicators
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$391B
2025 |
$109B
2025 |
| GDP rank |
42/197
2025 |
71/197
2025 |
| GDP growth |
2.58%
2024-2025 |
4.95%
2024-2025 |
| GDP per capita |
$35,917
2025 |
$5,002
2025 |
| GDP per capita rank |
35/197
2025 |
124/197
2025 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$57,285
2024 |
$15,633
2024 |
| GDP per capita PPP rank |
35/197
2024 |
111/197
2024 |
| Government debt |
$174B
2025 |
$100B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
44.6%
2025 |
100.8%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$16,026
2025 |
$4,584
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank |
42/185
2025 |
90/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$22,312
2026 |
$2,830
2026 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$55.4B
2025 |
$26.1B
2025 |
| Number of billionaires |
11
2026 |
n/a |
| Income share by richest 10% |
21.5%
2023 |
30.8%
2019 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.8%
2023 |
3.1%
2019 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
43.5%
2025 |
19.1%
2024 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
2.46%
2024-2025 |
-4.76%
2024-2025 |
| Central bank interest rate |
3.5%
2025 |
7.75%
2025 |
| Unemployment rate |
2.8%
2025 |
4.32%
2024 |
| Population |
10742283
|
21926160
|
Spending and national debt comparison by year
| Year | % of GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|||
| Government spending | Government debt | Government spending | Government debt | |
| 2025 | 43.5% | 44.6% | - | - |
| 2024 | 42.9% | 43.3% | 19.1% | 100.8% |
| 2023 | 43.7% | 42.2% | 19.5% | 110.4% |
| 2022 | 43% | 42.5% | 18.6% | 115.9% |
| 2021 | 45% | 40.7% | 20% | 102.7% |
| 2020 | 46.3% | 36.9% | 22.1% | 96.9% |
| 2019 | 40.4% | 29.6% | 19.5% | 82.6% |
| 2018 | 40.1% | 31.7% | 17.5% | 83.6% |
| 2017 | 38.5% | 33.8% | 17.9% | 72.3% |
| 2016 | 39.4% | 36.2% | 18.2% | 75% |
| 2015 | 41.7% | 39.5% | 19.3% | 76.3% |
| 2014 | 42.3% | 41.5% | 17.2% | 69.6% |
| 2013 | 42.4% | 44.1% | 16.6% | 69.5% |
| 2012 | 44.4% | 43.8% | 17.3% | 67.5% |
| 2011 | 42.8% | 39.4% | 19.1% | 69.4% |
| 2010 | 43.2% | 36.7% | 19.3% | 68.7% |
| 2009 | 44.5% | 33.4% | 21% | 72.8% |
| 2008 | 40.9% | 28.2% | 19.1% | 68.8% |
| 2007 | 40.5% | 27.3% | 19.9% | 71.8% |
| 2006 | 41.5% | 27.6% | 20.5% | 74.3% |
| 2005 | 42.3% | 27.7% | 20.1% | 76.6% |
| 2004 | 42.2% | 28.3% | 19.3% | 86.5% |
| 2003 | 49% | 28.1% | 19.3% | 86.5% |
| 2002 | 44.4% | 25.7% | 20.8% | 96.3% |
| 2001 | 43.1% | 22.6% | 22.4% | 84.4% |
| 2000 | 40.6% | 16.9% | 21.7% | 79.2% |
| 1999 | 40.9% | 15.1% | 20.5% | 77.7% |
| 1998 | 41.6% | 13.9% | 21.4% | 74.2% |
| 1997 | 41.3% | 12.1% | 21.4% | 70.1% |
| 1996 | 41.4% | 11.5% | 23.1% | 76.2% |
| 1995 | 52.8% | 13.5% | 24.8% | 77.8% |
| 1994 | - | - | 24.1% | 77.9% |
| 1993 | - | - | 23.2% | 79.2% |
| 1992 | - | - | 23% | 77.9% |
| 1991 | - | - | 26.4% | 80.5% |
| 1990 | - | - | 25.4% | 78.9% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
In 2025, the Czech Republic's government spending was $170B, accounting for 43.5% of its GDP, while Sri Lanka spent $19B, or 19.1% of GDP.
Debt-to-GDP ratio is 44.6% in the Czech Republic and 100.8% in Sri Lanka, ranking 119/185 and 24/185, respectively.
Government deficit by year
| Year | Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
| 2025 | -2.03% | - |
| 2024 | -2.03% | -5.43% |
| 2023 | -3.73% | -8.32% |
| 2022 | -3.07% | -10.2% |
| 2021 | -4.95% | -11.7% |
| 2020 | -5.65% | -13.4% |
| 2019 | 0.28% | -7.52% |
| 2018 | 0.88% | -4.96% |
| 2017 | 1.46% | -5.1% |
| 2016 | 0.68% | -5% |
| 2015 | -0.67% | -6.64% |
| 2014 | -2.09% | -5.99% |
| 2013 | -1.3% | -5% |
| 2012 | -3.92% | -5.44% |
| 2011 | -2.71% | -6.01% |
| 2010 | -4.14% | -6.73% |
| 2009 | -5.46% | -8.33% |
| 2008 | -2% | -5.93% |
| 2007 | -0.68% | -5.81% |
| 2006 | -2.19% | -5.91% |
| 2005 | -3.06% | -5.93% |
| 2004 | -2.4% | -6.32% |
| 2003 | -6.87% | -6.15% |
| 2002 | -6.34% | -6.9% |
| 2001 | -5.76% | -8.48% |
| 2000 | -3.55% | -7.78% |
| 1999 | -3.08% | -5.58% |
| 1998 | -4.14% | -6.79% |
| 1997 | -3.14% | -5.71% |
| 1996 | -2.98% | -6.89% |
| 1995 | -12.3% | -7.11% |
| 1994 | - | -7.41% |
| 1993 | - | -5.77% |
| 1992 | - | -4.95% |
| 1991 | - | -7.97% |
| 1990 | - | -6.39% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
In 2024, the Czech Republic's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $7.04B, equivalent to 2.03% of GDP. This compares to Sri Lanka's deficit of $5.4B, or 5.43% of GDP.
Over the past 30 years, the Czech Republic recorded a fiscal deficit in 26 of those years, while Sri Lanka ran a deficit in 30 years. On average, the Czech Republic posted an annual deficit equal to 3.16% of GDP, compared to deficit of 6.9% of GDP for Sri Lanka.
Inflation comparison by year
| Year | Consumer prices inflation | |
|---|---|---|
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
| 2025 | 2.46% | -4.76% |
| 2024 | 2.44% | -0.43% |
| 2023 | 10.7% | 16.5% |
| 2022 | 15.1% | 49.7% |
| 2021 | 3.84% | 7.01% |
| 2020 | 3.16% | 6.15% |
| 2019 | 2.85% | 3.53% |
| 2018 | 2.15% | 2.14% |
| 2017 | 2.45% | 7.7% |
| 2016 | 0.68% | 3.96% |
| 2015 | 0.31% | 3.77% |
| 2014 | 0.34% | 3.18% |
| 2013 | 1.44% | 6.91% |
| 2012 | 3.29% | 7.54% |
| 2011 | 1.92% | 6.72% |
| 2010 | 1.47% | 6.22% |
| 2009 | 1.02% | 3.46% |
| 2008 | 6.36% | 22.6% |
| 2007 | 2.85% | 15.8% |
| 2006 | 2.53% | 10% |
| 2005 | 1.86% | 11.6% |
| 2004 | 2.76% | 7.58% |
| 2003 | 0.12% | 6.31% |
| 2002 | 1.9% | 9.55% |
| 2001 | 4.66% | 14.2% |
| 2000 | 3.78% | 6.18% |
| 1999 | 2.14% | 4.69% |
| 1998 | 10.7% | 9.36% |
| 1997 | 8.6% | 9.57% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
Over the past 29 years, the Czech Republic has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.58%, compared with 8.86% in Sri Lanka. In 2025, inflation was 2.46% in the Czech Republic and -4.76% in Sri Lanka.
Top exports between countries
|
Czech Republic
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Machinery & equipment | $5.63M |
| Chemicals & pharma | $4.91M |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $2.38M |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $1.55M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $374K |
| Weapons & explosives | $320K |
| Metals | $286K |
| Wood & paper products | $176K |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $130K |
| Raw agricultural goods | $127K |
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $17.4M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $5.1M |
| Machinery & equipment | $3.72M |
| Raw agricultural goods | $2.88M |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $2.65M |
| Animal & marine products | $332K |
| Chemicals & pharma | $142K |
| Wood & paper products | $75K |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $48K |
| Metals | $6K |
Balance of trade
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
$2.44B
2025 |
$1.21B
2024 |
| Current account balance ranking |
41/190
2025 |
49/190
2024 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
+0.62%
2025 |
+1.21%
2024 |
| Goods imports |
$197B
2025 |
$18.8B
2024 |
| Goods exports |
$215B
2025 |
$12.8B
2024 |
| Service imports |
$42.9B
2025 |
$3.48B
2024 |
| Service exports |
$47.5B
2025 |
$6.91B
2024 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
61.1%
2025 |
22.8%
2025 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
66.9%
2025 |
19%
2025 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 73.2 | 50.3 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 25/197 | 162/197 |
| Property rights | 89.8 | 47.3 |
| Government integrity | 64.7 | 37.3 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 92.1 | 47.2 |
| Tax burden | 78.8 | 77 |
| Government spending | 44.2 | 89 |
| Fiscal health | 82.5 | 0 |
| Business freedom | 76.8 | 60.1 |
| Labor freedom | 55.1 | 54.3 |
| Monetary freedom | 75 | 65.9 |
| Trade freedom | 79.4 | 65.6 |
| Investment freedom | 70 | 30 |
| Financial freedom | 70 | 30 |
Economic freedom comparison by year
| Year | Economic freedom index | |
|---|---|---|
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
| 2026 | 73.2 | 50.3 |
| 2025 | 72.9 | 49.4 |
| 2024 | 70.2 | 49.2 |
| 2023 | 71.9 | 52.2 |
| 2022 | 74.4 | 53.3 |
| 2021 | 73.8 | 55.7 |
| 2020 | 74.8 | 57.4 |
| 2019 | 73.7 | 56.4 |
| 2018 | 74.2 | 57.8 |
| 2017 | 73.3 | 57.4 |
| 2016 | 73.2 | 59.9 |
| 2015 | 72.5 | 58.6 |
| 2014 | 72.2 | 60 |
| 2013 | 70.9 | 60.7 |
| 2012 | 69.9 | 58.3 |
| 2011 | 70.4 | 57.1 |
| 2010 | 69.8 | 54.6 |
| 2009 | 69.4 | 56 |
| 2008 | 68.1 | 58.4 |
| 2007 | 67.4 | 59.4 |
| 2006 | 66.4 | 58.7 |
| 2005 | 64.6 | 61 |
| 2004 | 67 | 61.6 |
| 2003 | 67.5 | 62.5 |
| 2002 | 66.5 | 64 |
| 2001 | 70.2 | 66 |
| 2000 | 68.6 | 63.2 |
| 1999 | 69.7 | 64 |
| 1998 | 68.4 | 64.6 |
| 1997 | 68.8 | 65.5 |
| 1996 | 68.1 | 62.5 |
| 1995 | 67.8 | 60.6 |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
The Economic Freedom Index for the Czech Republic is 73.2, ranking 25/197, compared to 50.3 for Sri Lanka, ranking 162/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.
Other economic metrics
|
Czech Republic
|
Sri Lanka
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
60.8%
2025 |
54.6%
2025 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
28.7%
2025 |
25.4%
2025 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
1.95%
2025 |
8.36%
2025 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$359B
2025 |
$102B
2025 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$57,870
2025 |
$16,750
2025 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$176B
2025 |
$6.09B
2024 |
| Total reserves ranking |
21/177
2025 |
96/177
2024 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$1.88B
2025 |
-$651M
2024 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$13.5B
2024 |
$761M
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$12.9B
2024 |
$110M
2024 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
n/a |
4.96%
2024 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
10.2%
2021 |
14.3%
2019 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
26.8%
2025 |
29.6%
2025 |
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/czech-republic/sri-lanka | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.