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Fertility & birth rates in Panama and Tonga

Updated on by Georank team

Panama has an annual birth rate of 16 births per 1,000 people, compared to 23.1 for Tonga. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 2.12 in Panama and 3.13 in Tonga — 47.7% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -63.6% in Panama and by -53% in Tonga — in 1960, it was 5.83 and 6.65, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Panama is ranked 95/196 by birth rate compared to 58/196 for Tonga.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.4 in Panama — it's 29.9 in Tonga.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 57.3 in Panama vs 24.8 in Tonga.
  • In Panama, 25.2% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.6% in Tonga.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.13% in Panama and +1.67% in Tonga.

Birth rate data compared

Panama Tonga
Fertility rate 2.12 3.13
Birth rate 16 23.1
Birth rate rank 95/196 58/196
Age at first childbirth n/a 24.9 years
Average age at childbearing 27.4 years 29.9 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 54.2 25.1
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 109 145
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 19.4 41.6
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 25.2% 25.6%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 46.9% 25.2%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 95% 98.3%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.04% 0.07%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.66% 0.43%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 1.06% 0.8%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 1.33% 0.99%
Population change due to births and deaths +50,197 +1,744
Natural population change rank 94/196 137/196
Natural population change rate +1.13% +1.67%
Population growth +1.27% -0.4%
Population growth rank 85/197 181/197
Life expectancy 80 years 73.2 years

Fertility rate in Panama vs Tonga chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Panama was 2.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Panama vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Panama
Factual

UN forecast
Tonga
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Panama Tonga
1960 5.83 6.65
1961 5.87 6.61
1962 5.87 6.57
1963 5.87 6.52
1964 5.81 6.46
1965 5.73 6.41
1966 5.65 6.35
1967 5.53 6.29
1968 5.41 6.23
1969 5.29 6.17
1970 5.18 6.07
1971 5.05 5.96
1972 4.91 5.86
1973 4.74 5.8
1974 4.58 5.77
1975 4.41 5.75
1976 4.26 5.73
1977 4.12 5.7
1978 3.98 5.68
1979 3.88 5.65
1980 3.8 5.6
1981 3.72 5.55
1982 3.66 5.5
1983 3.6 5.45
1984 3.52 5.41
1985 3.43 5.34
1986 3.34 5.27
1987 3.25 5.19
1988 3.17 5.1
1989 3.12 5.01
1990 3.07 4.93
1991 3 4.85
1992 2.95 4.79
1993 2.91 4.73
1994 2.88 4.66
1995 2.85 4.56
1996 2.83 4.46
1997 2.81 4.38
1998 2.79 4.31
1999 2.77 4.23
2000 2.74 4.16
2001 2.72 4.13
2002 2.7 4.14
2003 2.68 4.18
2004 2.68 4.19
2005 2.64 4.2
2006 2.62 4.14
2007 2.61 4.09
2008 2.61 4.01
2009 2.59 3.95
2010 2.59 3.88
2011 2.6 3.83
2012 2.59 3.77
2013 2.57 3.7
2014 2.55 3.62
2015 2.53 3.54
2016 2.5 3.46
2017 2.46 3.39
2018 2.4 3.33
2019 2.29 3.27
2020 2.18 3.23
2021 2.15 3.2
2022 2.14 3.17
2023 2.12 3.13
2024 2.11 3.1
2025 2.09 3.07
2026 2.07 3.04
2027 2.06 3
2028 2.04 2.97
2029 2.02 2.95
2030 2.01 2.91
2031 2 2.89
2032 1.99 2.85
2033 1.97 2.82
2034 1.96 2.8
2035 1.95 2.77
2036 1.95 2.75
2037 1.94 2.72
2038 1.93 2.7
2039 1.92 2.68
2040 1.91 2.65
2041 1.91 2.63
2042 1.9 2.61
2043 1.89 2.59
2044 1.89 2.56
2045 1.88 2.54
2046 1.88 2.52
2047 1.87 2.5
2048 1.87 2.49
2049 1.86 2.47
2050 1.86 2.45

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Panama
Factual

UN forecast
Tonga
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Panama Tonga
1960 44.2% 45.7%
1961 44.3% 45.7%
1962 44.5% 45.8%
1963 44.6% 45.9%
1964 44.7% 45.9%
1965 44.8% 45.9%
1966 44.8% 45.9%
1967 44.8% 46%
1968 44.7% 46.2%
1969 44.6% 46.3%
1970 44.5% 46.4%
1971 44.3% 46.4%
1972 44.1% 46.3%
1973 43.9% 46.2%
1974 43.6% 46.2%
1975 43.3% 46.2%
1976 42.9% 46.1%
1977 42.4% 45.8%
1978 41.9% 45.3%
1979 41.4% 44.8%
1980 40.8% 44.3%
1981 40.3% 43.9%
1982 39.8% 43.4%
1983 39.3% 42.9%
1984 38.8% 42.4%
1985 38.3% 42%
1986 37.8% 41.7%
1987 37.4% 41.5%
1988 36.9% 41.2%
1989 36.5% 40.9%
1990 36.1% 40.8%
1991 35.7% 40.6%
1992 35.3% 40.5%
1993 34.9% 40.3%
1994 34.6% 40.1%
1995 34.2% 39.9%
1996 33.9% 39.7%
1997 33.5% 39.3%
1998 33.1% 38.9%
1999 32.8% 38.6%
2000 32.4% 38.3%
2001 32% 38.2%
2002 31.6% 38.1%
2003 31.3% 38.1%
2004 31% 38.2%
2005 30.6% 38.3%
2006 30.3% 38.3%
2007 30% 38.3%
2008 29.7% 38%
2009 29.5% 37.8%
2010 29.2% 37.6%
2011 28.9% 37.4%
2012 28.7% 37.2%
2013 28.4% 37.1%
2014 28.2% 36.9%
2015 27.9% 36.7%
2016 27.6% 36.5%
2017 27.4% 36.4%
2018 27.1% 36.2%
2019 26.7% 36%
2020 26.4% 35.8%
2021 26% 35.7%
2022 25.7% 35.6%
2023 25.3% 35.6%
2024 24.9% 35.4%
2025 24.5% 34.9%
2026 24.1% 34.4%
2027 23.8% 33.8%
2028 23.4% 33.3%
2029 23% 32.6%
2030 22.6% 32%
2031 22.2% 31.6%
2032 21.9% 31.2%
2033 21.6% 31%
2034 21.3% 30.8%
2035 21% 30.7%
2036 20.9% 30.5%
2037 20.7% 30.4%
2038 20.5% 30.3%
2039 20.3% 30.2%
2040 20.1% 30.1%
2041 20% 30.1%
2042 19.8% 30%
2043 19.6% 30%
2044 19.4% 29.9%
2045 19.3% 29.8%
2046 19.1% 29.6%
2047 18.9% 29.5%
2048 18.8% 29.2%
2049 18.6% 29%
2050 18.4% 28.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.9% of the population in Panama and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 36.1% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Panama and Tonga compared.

Natural population change in Panama vs Tonga by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.31% in Panama and +1.79% in Tonga. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Panama
Tonga

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Panama Tonga
1960 35,431 2,230
1961 37,100 2,284
1962 38,537 2,343
1963 39,872 2,394
1964 40,806 2,445
1965 41,604 2,498
1966 42,457 2,550
1967 43,054 2,603
1968 43,641 2,614
1969 44,278 2,632
1970 45,075 2,628
1971 45,867 2,611
1972 46,311 2,605
1973 46,540 2,617
1974 46,932 2,650
1975 47,149 2,709
1976 47,307 2,769
1977 47,438 2,822
1978 47,694 2,862
1979 48,362 2,884
1980 49,077 2,885
1981 50,018 2,882
1982 50,858 2,853
1983 51,880 2,840
1984 52,436 2,814
1985 52,573 2,762
1986 52,681 2,704
1987 52,690 2,646
1988 52,767 2,649
1989 52,295 2,644
1990 53,451 2,641
1991 53,079 2,637
1992 53,186 2,622
1993 53,591 2,594
1994 53,845 2,547
1995 54,069 2,476
1996 54,512 2,393
1997 55,060 2,332
1998 55,482 2,344
1999 55,911 2,352
2000 56,236 2,346
2001 56,654 2,358
2002 57,011 2,396
2003 57,458 2,448
2004 58,281 2,478
2005 58,014 2,495
2006 58,067 2,459
2007 58,454 2,423
2008 58,961 2,397
2009 59,168 2,358
2010 59,418 2,332
2011 60,411 2,298
2012 60,471 2,255
2013 60,295 2,199
2014 60,227 2,135
2015 59,896 2,064
2016 59,454 1,989
2017 58,607 1,912
2018 57,508 1,873
2019 54,420 1,841
2020 46,599 1,816
2021 46,747 1,773
2022 50,556 1,772
2023 50,197 1,744

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Panama vs Tonga

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 37 deaths per 100,000 live births in Panama, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Panama
Tonga
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Panama Tonga
1985 95 148
1986 94 149
1987 93 147
1988 93 145
1989 96 139
1990 89 138
1991 87 134
1992 85 129
1993 81 127
1994 78 123
1995 77 117
1996 73 113
1997 70 111
1998 68 104
1999 65 99
2000 64 100
2001 62 98
2002 59 98
2003 58 95
2004 57 92
2005 57 92
2006 56 89
2007 55 88
2008 55 88
2009 55 91
2010 56 85
2011 55 84
2012 53 83
2013 52 80
2014 49 80
2015 48 79
2016 47 78
2017 47 77
2018 43 74
2019 41 73
2020 74 74
2021 59 76
2022 40 72
2023 37 67

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.33% in Panama and 0.99% in Tonga. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Panama
Tonga

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Panama Tonga
1960 9.31% -
1961 9.04% -
1962 8.78% -
1963 8.52% 7.83%
1964 8.28% 7.35%
1965 8.05% 6.89%
1966 7.83% 6.45%
1967 7.62% 6.03%
1968 7.38% 5.63%
1969 7.1% 5.25%
1970 6.78% 4.91%
1971 6.43% 4.61%
1972 6.07% 4.35%
1973 5.72% 4.11%
1974 5.41% 3.9%
1975 5.15% 3.71%
1976 4.93% 3.53%
1977 4.76% 3.37%
1978 4.61% 3.22%
1979 4.47% 3.09%
1980 4.34% 2.97%
1981 4.19% 2.87%
1982 4.05% 2.78%
1983 3.9% 2.7%
1984 3.75% 2.63%
1985 3.61% 2.57%
1986 3.47% 2.51%
1987 3.35% 2.44%
1988 3.24% 2.37%
1989 3.14% 2.29%
1990 3.05% 2.21%
1991 2.97% 2.14%
1992 2.91% 2.06%
1993 2.87% 2%
1994 2.83% 1.94%
1995 2.8% 1.89%
1996 2.77% 1.85%
1997 2.73% 1.81%
1998 2.68% 1.78%
1999 2.63% 1.74%
2000 2.56% 1.7%
2001 2.49% 1.65%
2002 2.41% 1.61%
2003 2.33% 1.56%
2004 2.25% 1.52%
2005 2.17% 1.48%
2006 2.1% 1.44%
2007 2.03% 1.41%
2008 1.97% 1.37%
2009 1.91% 1.34%
2010 1.86% 1.31%
2011 1.81% 1.29%
2012 1.77% 1.26%
2013 1.75% 1.24%
2014 1.73% 1.22%
2015 1.72% 1.19%
2016 1.7% 1.17%
2017 1.68% 1.15%
2018 1.65% 1.12%
2019 1.59% 1.1%
2020 1.52% 1.08%
2021 1.45% 1.05%
2022 1.39% 1.02%
2023 1.33% 0.99%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Panama vs Tonga
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