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Fertility & birth rates in India and Panama

Updated on by Georank team

India has an annual birth rate of 16.1 births per 1,000 people, compared to 16 for Panama. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.98 in India and 2.12 in Panama — 7.29% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.6% in India and by -63.6% in Panama — in 1960, it was 5.92 and 5.83, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • India is ranked 93/196 by birth rate compared to 95/196 for Panama.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.7 in India — it's 27.4 in Panama.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 14.1 in India vs 57.3 in Panama.
  • In India, 26.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 25.2% in Panama.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.95% in India and +1.13% in Panama.

Birth rate data compared

India Panama
Fertility rate 1.98 2.12
Birth rate 16.1 16
Birth rate rank 93/196 95/196
Age at first childbirth 21.2 years n/a
Average age at childbearing 27.7 years 27.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 12 54.2
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 131.1 109
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.9 19.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.3% 25.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 56.4% 46.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 89.4% 95%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.08% 0.04%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 1.73% 0.66%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 2.45% 1.06%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 2.77% 1.33%
Population change due to births and deaths +13,711,993 +50,197
Natural population change rank 1/196 94/196
Natural population change rate +0.95% +1.13%
Population growth +0.89% +1.27%
Population growth rank 109/197 85/197
Life expectancy 72.5 years 80 years

Fertility rate in India vs Panama chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.12 in Panama in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Panama population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

India
Factual

UN forecast
Panama
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
India Panama
1960 5.92 5.83
1961 5.94 5.87
1962 5.95 5.87
1963 5.97 5.87
1964 5.98 5.81
1965 5.94 5.73
1966 5.88 5.65
1967 5.83 5.53
1968 5.76 5.41
1969 5.68 5.29
1970 5.62 5.18
1971 5.57 5.05
1972 5.48 4.91
1973 5.4 4.74
1974 5.33 4.58
1975 5.2 4.41
1976 5.13 4.26
1977 5.01 4.12
1978 4.89 3.98
1979 4.81 3.88
1980 4.78 3.8
1981 4.7 3.72
1982 4.62 3.66
1983 4.57 3.6
1984 4.52 3.52
1985 4.43 3.43
1986 4.4 3.34
1987 4.31 3.25
1988 4.22 3.17
1989 4.13 3.12
1990 4.05 3.07
1991 3.96 3
1992 3.88 2.95
1993 3.8 2.91
1994 3.72 2.88
1995 3.65 2.85
1996 3.58 2.83
1997 3.51 2.81
1998 3.45 2.79
1999 3.38 2.77
2000 3.35 2.74
2001 3.3 2.72
2002 3.22 2.7
2003 3.12 2.68
2004 3.05 2.68
2005 2.96 2.64
2006 2.87 2.62
2007 2.78 2.61
2008 2.71 2.61
2009 2.67 2.59
2010 2.6 2.59
2011 2.53 2.6
2012 2.47 2.59
2013 2.4 2.57
2014 2.29 2.55
2015 2.29 2.53
2016 2.28 2.5
2017 2.19 2.46
2018 2.18 2.4
2019 2.12 2.29
2020 2.05 2.18
2021 2.01 2.15
2022 1.99 2.14
2023 1.98 2.12
2024 1.96 2.11
2025 1.94 2.09
2026 1.93 2.07
2027 1.91 2.06
2028 1.9 2.04
2029 1.89 2.02
2030 1.88 2.01
2031 1.87 2
2032 1.86 1.99
2033 1.85 1.97
2034 1.84 1.96
2035 1.84 1.95
2036 1.83 1.95
2037 1.82 1.94
2038 1.81 1.93
2039 1.81 1.92
2040 1.8 1.91
2041 1.8 1.91
2042 1.79 1.9
2043 1.79 1.89
2044 1.78 1.89
2045 1.78 1.88
2046 1.78 1.88
2047 1.77 1.87
2048 1.77 1.87
2049 1.77 1.86
2050 1.76 1.86

Children 0-14 years as share of population

India
Factual

UN forecast
Panama
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
India Panama
1960 40.6% 44.2%
1961 40.9% 44.3%
1962 41.2% 44.5%
1963 41.5% 44.6%
1964 41.6% 44.7%
1965 41.7% 44.8%
1966 41.7% 44.8%
1967 41.6% 44.8%
1968 41.5% 44.7%
1969 41.5% 44.6%
1970 41.4% 44.5%
1971 41.2% 44.3%
1972 41.1% 44.1%
1973 41% 43.9%
1974 40.8% 43.6%
1975 40.7% 43.3%
1976 40.5% 42.9%
1977 40.3% 42.4%
1978 40.1% 41.9%
1979 40% 41.4%
1980 39.8% 40.8%
1981 39.7% 40.3%
1982 39.6% 39.8%
1983 39.5% 39.3%
1984 39.4% 38.8%
1985 39.3% 38.3%
1986 39.2% 37.8%
1987 39.1% 37.4%
1988 38.9% 36.9%
1989 38.8% 36.5%
1990 38.6% 36.1%
1991 38.4% 35.7%
1992 38.1% 35.3%
1993 37.9% 34.9%
1994 37.6% 34.6%
1995 37.3% 34.2%
1996 37% 33.9%
1997 36.7% 33.5%
1998 36.3% 33.1%
1999 35.9% 32.8%
2000 35.6% 32.4%
2001 35.2% 32%
2002 34.8% 31.6%
2003 34.4% 31.3%
2004 34% 31%
2005 33.6% 30.6%
2006 33.1% 30.3%
2007 32.7% 30%
2008 32.2% 29.7%
2009 31.8% 29.5%
2010 31.3% 29.2%
2011 30.9% 28.9%
2012 30.4% 28.7%
2013 29.9% 28.4%
2014 29.4% 28.2%
2015 28.9% 27.9%
2016 28.4% 27.6%
2017 27.8% 27.4%
2018 27.3% 27.1%
2019 26.8% 26.7%
2020 26.3% 26.4%
2021 25.9% 26%
2022 25.5% 25.7%
2023 25.1% 25.3%
2024 24.6% 24.9%
2025 24.2% 24.5%
2026 23.8% 24.1%
2027 23.4% 23.8%
2028 23% 23.4%
2029 22.7% 23%
2030 22.4% 22.6%
2031 22.1% 22.2%
2032 21.8% 21.9%
2033 21.5% 21.6%
2034 21.3% 21.3%
2035 21% 21%
2036 20.8% 20.9%
2037 20.6% 20.7%
2038 20.4% 20.5%
2039 20.2% 20.3%
2040 19.9% 20.1%
2041 19.7% 20%
2042 19.5% 19.8%
2043 19.3% 19.6%
2044 19.1% 19.4%
2045 18.8% 19.3%
2046 18.6% 19.1%
2047 18.4% 18.9%
2048 18.2% 18.8%
2049 18% 18.6%
2050 17.8% 18.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 24.9% in Panama in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 36.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Panama compared.

Natural population change in India vs Panama by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and +1.31% in Panama. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

India
Panama

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
India Panama
1960 10,237,489 35,431
1961 10,468,816 37,100
1962 10,743,409 38,537
1963 11,016,705 39,872
1964 11,285,378 40,806
1965 10,925,714 41,604
1966 11,089,894 42,457
1967 11,279,897 43,054
1968 12,006,807 43,641
1969 12,167,671 44,278
1970 12,417,866 45,075
1971 12,787,104 45,867
1972 13,041,792 46,311
1973 13,412,707 46,540
1974 13,795,836 46,932
1975 13,958,642 47,149
1976 14,435,504 47,307
1977 14,575,662 47,438
1978 14,898,145 47,694
1979 15,392,957 48,362
1980 16,018,786 49,077
1981 16,422,159 50,018
1982 16,790,507 50,858
1983 17,219,127 51,880
1984 17,698,810 52,436
1985 17,968,697 52,573
1986 18,455,495 52,681
1987 18,496,213 52,690
1988 18,702,916 52,767
1989 18,848,915 52,295
1990 18,893,588 53,451
1991 19,049,524 53,079
1992 19,132,757 53,186
1993 19,152,399 53,591
1994 19,310,798 53,845
1995 19,396,161 54,069
1996 19,442,699 54,512
1997 19,494,098 55,060
1998 19,569,575 55,482
1999 19,648,424 55,911
2000 19,984,160 56,236
2001 20,182,573 56,654
2002 20,024,621 57,011
2003 19,720,507 57,458
2004 19,469,758 58,281
2005 19,034,839 58,014
2006 18,641,737 58,067
2007 18,331,648 58,454
2008 18,234,926 58,961
2009 18,286,055 59,168
2010 17,991,935 59,418
2011 17,793,362 60,411
2012 17,552,365 60,471
2013 17,107,541 60,295
2014 16,165,943 60,227
2015 16,211,195 59,896
2016 16,202,593 59,454
2017 15,394,041 58,607
2018 15,451,168 57,508
2019 14,859,846 54,420
2020 13,366,946 46,599
2021 10,227,523 46,747
2022 13,912,130 50,556
2023 13,711,993 50,197

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Panama

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 37 deaths in Panama.

India
Panama
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
India Panama
1985 658 95
1986 624 94
1987 592 93
1988 562 93
1989 538 96
1990 516 89
1991 498 87
1992 482 85
1993 467 81
1994 451 78
1995 437 77
1996 422 73
1997 407 70
1998 393 68
1999 378 65
2000 362 64
2001 349 62
2002 330 59
2003 313 58
2004 296 57
2005 277 57
2006 258 56
2007 240 55
2008 223 55
2009 205 55
2010 188 56
2011 173 55
2012 160 53
2013 148 52
2014 137 49
2015 129 48
2016 121 47
2017 113 47
2018 107 43
2019 101 41
2020 101 74
2021 155 59
2022 90 40
2023 80 37

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 1.33% in Panama. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

India
Panama

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
India Panama
1960 24.1% 9.31%
1961 23.8% 9.04%
1962 23.5% 8.78%
1963 23.2% 8.52%
1964 22.9% 8.28%
1965 22.7% 8.05%
1966 22.4% 7.83%
1967 22.2% 7.62%
1968 22% 7.38%
1969 21.7% 7.1%
1970 21.5% 6.78%
1971 21.2% 6.43%
1972 20.8% 6.07%
1973 20.5% 5.72%
1974 20.1% 5.41%
1975 19.6% 5.15%
1976 19.1% 4.93%
1977 18.6% 4.76%
1978 18% 4.61%
1979 17.5% 4.47%
1980 16.9% 4.34%
1981 16.4% 4.19%
1982 15.9% 4.05%
1983 15.5% 3.9%
1984 15% 3.75%
1985 14.6% 3.61%
1986 14.2% 3.47%
1987 13.8% 3.35%
1988 13.4% 3.24%
1989 13% 3.14%
1990 12.7% 3.05%
1991 12.3% 2.97%
1992 12% 2.91%
1993 11.6% 2.87%
1994 11.3% 2.83%
1995 11% 2.8%
1996 10.6% 2.77%
1997 10.3% 2.73%
1998 9.89% 2.68%
1999 9.53% 2.63%
2000 9.16% 2.56%
2001 8.8% 2.49%
2002 8.45% 2.41%
2003 8.11% 2.33%
2004 7.77% 2.25%
2005 7.44% 2.17%
2006 7.11% 2.1%
2007 6.79% 2.03%
2008 6.46% 1.97%
2009 6.14% 1.91%
2010 5.82% 1.86%
2011 5.5% 1.81%
2012 5.2% 1.77%
2013 4.91% 1.75%
2014 4.63% 1.73%
2015 4.36% 1.72%
2016 4.11% 1.7%
2017 3.87% 1.68%
2018 3.64% 1.65%
2019 3.43% 1.59%
2020 3.24% 1.52%
2021 3.06% 1.45%
2022 2.91% 1.39%
2023 2.77% 1.33%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs India vs Panama
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