Fertility & birth rates in Nicaragua and North Macedonia

Fertility rate in Nicaragua vs North Macedonia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Nicaragua was 2.22 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.5 in North Macedonia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Nicaragua vs North Macedonia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Nicaragua	North Macedonia
1960	7.16	3.83
1961	7.11	3.62
1962	7.1	3.5
1963	7.08	3.62
1964	7.06	3.56
1965	7.03	3.52
1966	6.99	3.43
1967	6.94	3.33
1968	6.89	3.22
1969	6.83	3.1
1970	6.77	3.01
1971	6.71	2.93
1972	6.65	2.87
1973	6.59	2.72
1974	6.52	2.7
1975	6.45	2.69
1976	6.37	2.62
1977	6.28	2.49
1978	6.16	2.42
1979	6.07	2.4
1980	5.96	2.36
1981	5.84	2.29
1982	5.74	2.29
1983	5.61	2.25
1984	5.49	2.24
1985	5.36	2.25
1986	5.22	2.25
1987	5.07	2.32
1988	4.93	2.32
1989	4.76	2.25
1990	4.6	2.27
1991	4.43	2.31
1992	4.27	2.28
1993	4.1	2.26
1994	3.94	2.23
1995	3.78	2.13
1996	3.62	2.06
1997	3.47	1.92
1998	3.34	1.89
1999	3.22	1.77
2000	3.12	1.86
2001	3	1.73
2002	2.89	1.79
2003	2.83	1.75
2004	2.78	1.52
2005	2.77	1.5
2006	2.73	1.46
2007	2.7	1.46
2008	2.66	1.47
2009	2.63	1.5
2010	2.6	1.6
2011	2.56	1.46
2012	2.53	1.5
2013	2.49	1.5
2014	2.46	1.5
2015	2.43	1.49
2016	2.41	1.5
2017	2.38	1.43
2018	2.35	1.42
2019	2.32	1.34
2020	2.3	1.31
2021	2.27	1.6
2022	2.24	1.6
2023	2.22	1.5
2024	2.21	1.5
2025	2.18	1.5
2026	2.16	1.51
2027	2.14	1.51
2028	2.11	1.51
2029	2.09	1.51
2030	2.07	1.52
2031	2.05	1.52
2032	2.04	1.52
2033	2.02	1.52
2034	2.01	1.52
2035	2	1.52
2036	1.98	1.53
2037	1.97	1.53
2038	1.96	1.53
2039	1.95	1.53
2040	1.94	1.53
2041	1.93	1.53
2042	1.92	1.53
2043	1.91	1.54
2044	1.9	1.54
2045	1.89	1.54
2046	1.89	1.54
2047	1.88	1.55
2048	1.87	1.55
2049	1.87	1.55
2050	1.86	1.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Nicaragua	North Macedonia
1960	47.6%	37.7%
1961	47.8%	37.8%
1962	48%	37.6%
1963	48.2%	37.2%
1964	48.2%	36.7%
1965	48.1%	36.3%
1966	47.9%	35.8%
1967	47.8%	35.2%
1968	47.7%	34.7%
1969	47.6%	34.1%
1970	47.5%	33.5%
1971	47.5%	33%
1972	47.4%	32.6%
1973	47.4%	32.2%
1974	47.3%	31.7%
1975	47.3%	31.3%
1976	47.3%	30.9%
1977	47.2%	30.6%
1978	47.3%	30.3%
1979	47.3%	29.9%
1980	47.3%	29.5%
1981	47.3%	29.1%
1982	47.3%	28.8%
1983	47.2%	28.5%
1984	47.2%	28.3%
1985	47.1%	28.1%
1986	47%	27.8%
1987	46.9%	27.6%
1988	46.7%	27.4%
1989	46.4%	27.1%
1990	46.1%	26.9%
1991	45.7%	26.5%
1992	45.2%	26.1%
1993	44.8%	25.7%
1994	44.3%	25.5%
1995	43.7%	25.4%
1996	43.1%	25.1%
1997	42.4%	24.8%
1998	41.7%	24.4%
1999	41%	23.9%
2000	40.3%	23.4%
2001	39.6%	22.9%
2002	38.9%	22.5%
2003	38.2%	22.1%
2004	37.5%	21.7%
2005	36.8%	21.2%
2006	36.2%	20.8%
2007	35.7%	20.4%
2008	35.2%	20%
2009	34.7%	19.7%
2010	34.2%	19.3%
2011	33.8%	19%
2012	33.3%	18.8%
2013	32.9%	18.6%
2014	32.6%	18.3%
2015	32.2%	18%
2016	31.8%	17.8%
2017	31.5%	17.5%
2018	31.1%	17.4%
2019	30.8%	17.2%
2020	30.4%	17.2%
2021	30.1%	17.2%
2022	29.6%	17.2%
2023	29.2%	17.1%
2024	28.8%	16.8%
2025	28.3%	16.5%
2026	27.9%	16.2%
2027	27.4%	15.9%
2028	27%	15.6%
2029	26.6%	15.3%
2030	26.2%	14.9%
2031	25.8%	14.6%
2032	25.4%	14.3%
2033	25%	14%
2034	24.7%	13.7%
2035	24.4%	13.5%
2036	24%	13.3%
2037	23.7%	13.1%
2038	23.4%	13%
2039	23.1%	13%
2040	22.8%	13%
2041	22.5%	12.9%
2042	22.2%	12.9%
2043	22%	13%
2044	21.7%	13%
2045	21.4%	13%
2046	21.2%	13%
2047	20.9%	13%
2048	20.7%	13.1%
2049	20.5%	13.1%
2050	20.2%	13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 28.8% of the population in Nicaragua and 16.8% in North Macedonia in 2024, compared to 46.1% and 26.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Nicaragua and North Macedonia compared.

Natural population change in Nicaragua vs North Macedonia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.58% in Nicaragua and -0.07% in North Macedonia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Nicaragua	North Macedonia
1960	55,664	28,816
1961	57,499	27,846
1962	59,547	25,317
1963	61,738	28,124
1964	64,227	27,889
1965	67,056	28,564
1966	69,883	28,766
1967	72,722	28,401
1968	75,458	28,378
1969	78,237	27,464
1970	81,127	28,022
1971	84,139	28,010
1972	76,906	28,236
1973	89,662	28,032
1974	92,505	28,400
1975	95,230	28,983
1976	98,100	28,799
1977	100,498	27,410
1978	98,419	27,150
1979	96,429	27,096
1980	108,604	26,547
1981	110,421	25,689
1982	112,468	25,810
1983	110,618	24,690
1984	110,133	24,436
1985	110,949	24,167
1986	113,054	23,720
1987	112,885	24,359
1988	117,299	24,064
1989	120,128	22,912
1990	120,677	22,868
1991	121,787	23,387
1992	121,204	21,659
1993	120,469	20,797
1994	119,565	19,103
1995	118,325	17,239
1996	116,849	14,806
1997	114,415	12,979
1998	108,862	12,446
1999	110,217	10,489
2000	109,192	12,159
2001	107,109	10,174
2002	105,805	9,697
2003	106,142	8,900
2004	106,904	5,444
2005	108,984	4,011
2006	110,073	3,988
2007	110,341	2,974
2008	110,395	3,746
2009	110,213	4,309
2010	110,475	4,866
2011	110,026	3,100
2012	110,065	3,087
2013	109,032	3,653
2014	108,420	3,644
2015	107,344	2,294
2016	106,585	2,374
2017	105,468	1,329
2018	104,814	1,512
2019	102,817	-375
2020	90,515	-5,939
2021	89,213	-9,737
2022	100,987	-4,397
2023	100,921	-3,290

Maternal mortality chart: Nicaragua vs North Macedonia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 60 deaths per 100,000 live births in Nicaragua, compared to 3 deaths in North Macedonia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Nicaragua	North Macedonia
1985	319	17
1986	313	16
1987	316	15
1988	301	16
1989	286	14
1990	281	16
1991	273	15
1992	272	14
1993	265	14
1994	256	13
1995	251	13
1996	244	14
1997	236	13
1998	239	13
1999	228	12
2000	213	11
2001	194	9
2002	170	10
2003	154	8
2004	140	8
2005	124	7
2006	113	7
2007	106	7
2008	101	6
2009	99	6
2010	96	5
2011	93	5
2012	88	5
2013	86	5
2014	83	4
2015	81	4
2016	77	4
2017	72	4
2018	67	3
2019	69	3
2020	87	7
2021	124	12
2022	61	3
2023	60	3

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.34% in Nicaragua and 0.33% in North Macedonia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Nicaragua	North Macedonia
1960	19.8%	-
1961	19.6%	-
1962	19.4%	-
1963	19.2%	-
1964	19%	-
1965	18.7%	-
1966	18.4%	-
1967	18.1%	-
1968	17.8%	-
1969	17.4%	-
1970	17.1%	-
1971	16.6%	-
1972	18.7%	-
1973	15.6%	-
1974	15%	-
1975	14.4%	-
1976	13.7%	-
1977	12.9%	-
1978	12.2%	-
1979	11.5%	-
1980	10.8%	-
1981	10.2%	5.79%
1982	9.58%	5.53%
1983	9.07%	5.25%
1984	8.62%	5.06%
1985	8.21%	5%
1986	7.85%	4.91%
1987	7.53%	4.69%
1988	7.22%	4.36%
1989	6.92%	4.01%
1990	6.62%	3.7%
1991	6.31%	3.46%
1992	6%	3.3%
1993	5.69%	3.13%
1994	5.39%	2.85%
1995	5.09%	2.45%
1996	4.81%	2.12%
1997	4.54%	1.93%
1998	5.01%	1.83%
1999	4.04%	1.73%
2000	3.82%	1.59%
2001	3.62%	1.48%
2002	3.43%	1.43%
2003	3.26%	1.43%
2004	3.1%	1.42%
2005	2.95%	1.37%
2006	2.81%	1.3%
2007	2.68%	1.23%
2008	2.55%	1.17%
2009	2.44%	1.1%
2010	2.33%	1.04%
2011	2.22%	1%
2012	2.13%	1.02%
2013	2.03%	1.07%
2014	1.94%	1.11%
2015	1.86%	1.13%
2016	1.78%	1.08%
2017	1.71%	0.97%
2018	1.64%	0.83%
2019	1.57%	0.7%
2020	1.51%	0.59%
2021	1.45%	0.5%
2022	1.39%	0.41%
2023	1.34%	0.33%