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Economy of Dominican Republic vs Serbia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

The Dominican Republic has a GDP of $124B compared to $89.1B for Serbia, ranking 65/197 and 75/197 by economy size, respectively.

The Dominican Republic has $73.1B in government debt (58.2% of GDP), compared to $39.6B (44.4% of GDP) in Serbia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Dominican Republic
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Serbia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Dominican Republic Serbia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $672,399,700 $4,496,273,447 - -
1961 $654,100,200 $4,392,263,458 - -
1962 $824,100,000 $5,141,023,192 - -
1963 $940,799,900 $5,475,338,924 - -
1964 $1,025,599,900 $5,845,738,217 - -
1965 $888,100,000 $5,116,082,882 - -
1966 $983,900,000 $5,804,878,762 - -
1967 $1,034,800,000 $5,998,038,558 - -
1968 $1,079,100,000 $6,012,365,502 - -
1969 $1,230,500,000 $6,667,199,033 - -
1970 $1,485,500,000 $7,882,408,258 - -
1971 $1,666,500,000 $8,739,341,597 - -
1972 $1,987,400,000 $9,647,723,102 - -
1973 $2,344,800,000 $10,891,870,678 - -
1974 $2,925,700,000 $11,545,590,181 - -
1975 $3,599,200,000 $12,145,181,930 - -
1976 $3,951,500,000 $12,962,324,666 - -
1977 $4,587,100,000 $13,608,079,675 - -
1978 $4,734,400,000 $13,899,385,752 - -
1979 $5,498,800,000 $14,529,222,409 - -
1980 $6,761,300,000 $15,687,018,150 - -
1981 $7,561,300,000 $16,358,401,738 - -
1982 $8,267,400,000 $16,636,283,320 - -
1983 $9,220,600,000 $17,406,201,587 - -
1984 $11,594,000,000 $17,624,283,186 - -
1985 $5,044,579,979 $17,250,201,611 - -
1986 $6,122,128,558 $17,857,752,538 - -
1987 $5,827,050,753 $19,664,486,965 - -
1988 $5,374,299,981 $20,088,446,094 - -
1989 $6,686,593,060 $20,972,445,961 - -
1990 $7,073,675,545 $19,828,543,242 - -
1991 $9,824,483,340 $20,015,752,229 - -
1992 $11,605,382,504 $22,265,015,207 - -
1993 $13,081,042,400 $23,905,211,029 - -
1994 $14,644,734,599 $24,525,260,343 - -
1995 $16,637,370,839 $25,923,197,384 $17,921,892,655 $22,980,131,489
1996 $18,241,622,548 $27,468,529,262 $23,277,430,168 $24,396,847,843
1997 $20,017,450,041 $29,913,105,390 $27,153,408,995 $26,576,270,133
1998 $21,672,215,547 $31,919,035,076 $21,004,077,441 $27,996,145,144
1999 $22,136,579,397 $33,820,295,671 $20,878,694,851 $25,105,401,157
2000 $24,305,780,629 $35,393,522,990 $7,326,373,882 $26,625,556,359
2001 $25,601,823,688 $36,267,520,113 $13,599,378,662 $28,430,374,779
2002 $27,137,440,786 $37,894,663,734 $17,930,583,571 $30,290,019,296
2003 $21,403,167,848 $37,383,329,267 $23,593,044,418 $31,671,150,129
2004 $22,322,387,382 $38,349,900,170 $26,845,632,342 $33,788,958,042
2005 $35,777,560,684 $41,966,981,959 $28,334,256,181 $35,783,688,498
2006 $37,879,830,084 $45,815,860,540 $33,298,057,362 $37,179,489,902
2007 $43,965,458,509 $49,214,666,985 $44,888,028,946 $40,091,414,195
2008 $48,091,433,554 $50,823,044,978 $54,220,641,202 $42,160,489,092
2009 $48,223,781,477 $51,333,030,312 $46,955,984,410 $40,835,549,150
2010 $53,801,053,353 $55,645,592,833 $43,536,629,233 $41,493,398,683
2011 $57,948,261,616 $57,421,779,163 $51,251,098,408 $41,515,918,179
2012 $60,561,635,556 $59,015,618,840 $45,103,269,969 $41,331,605,757
2013 $62,555,417,415 $61,927,882,063 $50,455,529,604 $41,518,250,511
2014 $67,014,329,100 $66,331,713,897 $49,114,321,280 $40,769,149,069
2015 $70,966,782,572 $70,966,782,572 $41,297,410,635 $41,297,410,635
2016 $75,552,902,636 $75,735,566,406 $42,225,495,910 $42,526,090,284
2017 $79,070,274,743 $78,714,898,895 $45,972,834,714 $43,531,149,260
2018 $84,994,732,049 $84,301,701,755 $52,787,520,249 $45,555,064,903
2019 $89,146,130,745 $88,427,452,426 $53,864,693,665 $47,719,025,212
2020 $78,546,672,407 $81,415,993,438 $55,874,017,669 $47,265,683,024
2021 $94,850,719,517 $92,824,351,637 $66,159,884,073 $51,022,858,875
2022 $113,478,087,135 $97,686,450,824 $66,797,564,758 $52,365,263,375
2023 $120,456,239,154 $99,828,029,403 $81,342,660,752 $54,380,001,765
2024 $124,282,245,639 $104,771,210,812 $89,083,506,277 $56,488,865,192

Economic indicators

Dominican Republic Serbia
Gross domestic product
$124B
2024
$89.1B
2024
GDP rank
65/197
2024
75/197
2024
GDP growth
3.18%
2023-2024
9.52%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$10,876
2024
$13,524
2024
GDP per capita rank
83/197
2024
74/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$27,541
2024
$31,867
2024
Government debt
$73.1B
2024
$39.6B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
58.2%
2025
44.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$6,394
2024
$6,015
2024
Government debt per person rank
72/185
2024
74/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,703
2025
$11,469
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$4.06B
2011
Income share by richest 10%
29.5%
2024
24.7%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2024
2.4%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
18.5%
2025
43.4%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.3%
2023-2024
4.67%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
5.75%
2025
5.75%
2024
Unemployment rate
5.31%
2024
7.24%
2024
Population
11591984
6541064

GDP per capita in Dominican Republic vs Serbia

The Dominican Republic's GDP per capita is $10,876, ranking 83/197, compared to $13,524 in Serbia, ranking 74/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Dominican Republic ranks 76th at $27,541, while Serbia ranks 69th at $31,867.

Dominican Republic
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Serbia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Dominican Republic Serbia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $205.7 - - -
1961 $193.9 - - -
1962 $236.8 - - -
1963 $262.2 - - -
1964 $277.3 - - -
1965 $233.2 - - -
1966 $250.9 - - -
1967 $256.2 - - -
1968 $259.6 - - -
1969 $287.7 - - -
1970 $338 - - -
1971 $368 - - -
1972 $427 - - -
1973 $490 - - -
1974 $595 - - -
1975 $713 - - -
1976 $763 - - -
1977 $863 - - -
1978 $868 - - -
1979 $984 - - -
1980 $1,180 - - -
1981 $1,288 - - -
1982 $1,376 - - -
1983 $1,500 - - -
1984 $1,844 - - -
1985 $784 - - -
1986 $932 - - -
1987 $868 - - -
1988 $784 - - -
1989 $955 - - -
1990 $989 $3,641 - -
1991 $1,346 $3,722 - -
1992 $1,558 $4,151 - -
1993 $1,722 $4,474 - -
1994 $1,892 $4,599 - -
1995 $2,109 $4,871 $2,349 $5,021
1996 $2,271 $5,161 $3,054 $5,433
1997 $2,449 $5,618 $3,574 $6,039
1998 $2,608 $5,963 $2,775 $6,459
1999 $2,621 $6,305 $2,769 $5,895
2000 $2,831 $6,639 $975 $6,414
2001 $2,936 $6,848 $1,812 $6,803
2002 $3,066 $7,158 $2,391 $7,563
2003 $2,383 $7,098 $3,154 $8,024
2004 $2,452 $7,375 $3,597 $8,716
2005 $3,878 $8,215 $3,808 $9,398
2006 $4,055 $9,130 $4,493 $10,466
2007 $4,650 $9,951 $6,081 $11,686
2008 $5,024 $10,346 $7,377 $13,123
2009 $4,974 $10,382 $6,414 $13,031
2010 $5,479 $11,246 $5,971 $13,322
2011 $5,827 $11,695 $7,082 $14,298
2012 $6,014 $11,777 $6,263 $14,506
2013 $6,137 $12,414 $7,040 $15,247
2014 $6,496 $13,465 $6,887 $15,296
2015 $6,801 $14,804 $5,820 $15,550
2016 $7,160 $16,282 $5,982 $16,455
2017 $7,413 $16,846 $6,548 $17,285
2018 $7,883 $17,995 $7,560 $18,469
2019 $8,183 $19,767 $7,756 $20,587
2020 $7,135 $18,998 $8,099 $21,013
2021 $8,527 $22,053 $9,681 $23,406
2022 $10,104 $24,626 $10,023 $26,242
2023 $10,630 $25,840 $12,282 $28,748
2024 $10,876 $27,541 $13,524 $31,867

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, the Dominican Republic's government spending was $24.2B, accounting for 18.5% of its GDP, while Serbia's spent $37.8B, or 43.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 58.2% in the Dominican Republic and 44.4% in Serbia, ranking 88/185 and 117/185, respectively.

Dominican Republic
Government spending

Government debt
Serbia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Dominican Republic Serbia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 20.1% - - -
1961 20% - - -
1962 15.7% - - -
1963 15.1% - - -
1964 16.7% - - -
1965 12.8% - - -
1966 15.2% 14.5% - -
1967 15% 16.2% - -
1968 15.5% 18.1% - -
1969 15.5% 17.4% - -
1970 13.3% 18% - -
1971 13.8% 17.8% - -
1972 14.1% 16.4% - -
1973 13.7% 14.6% - -
1974 14.6% 14.6% - -
1975 13.7% 13.1% - -
1976 12.5% 15.6% - -
1977 11.4% 16.4% - -
1978 12.3% 20.9% - -
1979 13.8% 24% - -
1980 12.8% 15.2% - -
1981 12.1% 29.8% - -
1982 10.2% 33.1% - -
1983 10.2% 32.9% - -
1984 9.32% 28.9% - -
1985 9.8% 66.3% - -
1986 10.4% 63.8% - -
1987 11.2% 86.9% - -
1988 12.8% 77% - -
1989 11.3% 62.5% - -
1990 9.1% 84.7% - -
1991 8.65% 47.3% - -
1992 10.4% 38.5% - -
1993 13% 36.1% - -
1994 12.1% 28.5% - -
1995 11% 25.7% - -
1996 11.4% 23% - -
1997 13.2% 13.8% - -
1998 12.6% 13.2% - -
1999 13.4% 16% - -
2000 14.1% 16.7% 28% 200.6%
2001 14.9% 20.4% 30.5% 95.9%
2002 16.5% 21.5% 38.6% 68.4%
2003 17.2% 48.2% 37.6% 64.4%
2004 17.3% 34.3% 37.8% 57.6%
2005 15.5% 38.3% 38.9% 50.1%
2006 17% 36% 41.3% 37%
2007 16.3% 32.9% 40.6% 30%
2008 18.5% 33.6% 43.7% 29.4%
2009 16.2% 36.8% 41.1% 32.6%
2010 16.1% 37.4% 41.2% 38.2%
2011 16% 39.1% 40% 42%
2012 19.8% 42.4% 43.3% 51.7%
2013 18.5% 46.8% 40.6% 54.1%
2014 17% 45% 42.9% 63.5%
2015 16.7% 44.8% 41% 67.1%
2016 17% 46.7% 40.3% 65%
2017 17.3% 49.5% 38.5% 55.3%
2018 16.5% 50.8% 39% 51.1%
2019 17.8% 53.5% 40.2% 49.5%
2020 22.2% 71.8% 46% 54.3%
2021 18.4% 62.8% 44.4% 53.6%
2022 18.5% 59.6% 41.4% 50.9%
2023 19.1% 60.5% 40.6% 45.7%
2024 19.5% 58.8% 42.4% 44.5%
2025 18.5% 58.2% 43.4% 44.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, the Dominican Republic's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$3.84B, equivalent to -3.09% of GDP. This compares to Serbia's deficit of -$1.54B, or -1.73% of GDP.

Over the past 25 years, the Dominican Republic recorded a fiscal deficit in 24 of those years, while Serbia ran a deficit in 20 years. On average, the Dominican Republic posted an annual deficit equal to -2.88% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.07% of GDP for Serbia.

Deficit/surplus
Dominican Republic

Serbia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Dominican Republic Serbia
1950 -3.66% -
1951 -2.58% -
1952 0% -
1953 2.79% -
1954 1.43% -
1955 1.47% -
1956 -0.05% -
1957 0.21% -
1958 -1.29% -
1959 -0.29% -
1960 -0.61% -
1961 -3% -
1962 -1.17% -
1963 -0.39% -
1964 -1.36% -
1965 -1.84% -
1966 -2.14% -
1967 -1.68% -
1968 -0.99% -
1969 -0.99% -
1970 -0.68% -
1971 -0.85% -
1972 -1.73% -
1973 -0.53% -
1974 -0.93% -
1975 1.37% -
1976 -0.22% -
1977 0.15% -
1978 -0.82% -
1979 -3.26% -
1980 -1.82% -
1981 -1.92% -
1982 -2.4% -
1983 -1.74% -
1984 -0.95% -
1985 -1.27% -
1986 -0.57% -
1987 -0.75% -
1988 -1.68% -
1989 -0.09% -
1990 0.39% -
1991 0.11% -
1992 2.35% -
1993 -0.16% -
1994 -0.39% -
1995 0.82% -
1996 0.14% -
1997 -0.64% -
1998 -0.29% -
1999 -0.79% -
2000 -0.86% -0.15%
2001 -0.73% 0.32%
2002 -2.28% -2.33%
2003 -4.24% -2.39%
2004 -3.6% 0.06%
2005 -0.71% 1.02%
2006 -1.69% -0.9%
2007 0.28% -0.8%
2008 -3.43% -4.25%
2009 -2.9% -3.3%
2010 -2.97% -3.35%
2011 -3.07% -3.75%
2012 -6.26% -6.11%
2013 -4.41% -4.79%
2014 -2.76% -5.61%
2015 -0.03% -3.25%
2016 -3.11% -1.08%
2017 -3.12% 1.32%
2018 -2.17% 0.78%
2019 -3.46% -0.004%
2020 -7.94% -6.91%
2021 -2.92% -3.16%
2022 -3.25% -0.14%
2023 -3.28% -1.21%
2024 -3.09% -1.73%
2025 -3.16% -2.77%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, the Dominican Republic has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.57%, compared with 18.3% in Serbia. In 2024, inflation was 3.3% in the Dominican Republic and 4.67% in Serbia.

Inflation
Dominican Republic

Serbia
Year Inflation
Dominican Republic Serbia Dominican Republic Serbia
1996 5.4% 95.6%
1997 8.3% 23.3%
1998 4.83% 30.2%
1999 6.47% 42.5%
2000 7.72% 71.1%
2001 8.88% 95%
2002 5.22% 19.5%
2003 27.4% 9.88%
2004 51.5% 11%
2005 4.19% 16.1%
2006 7.57% 11.7%
2007 6.14% 6.39%
2008 10.6% 12.4%
2009 1.44% 8.12%
2010 6.33% 6.14%
2011 5.8% 11.1%
2012 3.69% 7.33%
2013 4.83% 7.69%
2014 3% 2.08%
2015 0.84% 1.39%
2016 1.61% 1.12%
2017 3.28% 3.13%
2018 3.56% 1.96%
2019 1.81% 1.85%
2020 3.78% 1.58%
2021 8.24% 4.09%
2022 8.81% 12%
2023 4.79% 12.4%
2024 3.3% 4.67%

Top exports between countries

Dominican Republic
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $698K
Machinery & equipment $16K
Chemicals & pharma $3K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K
Serbia
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $906K
Chemicals & pharma $404K
Raw materials & minerals $191K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $162K
Raw agricultural goods $70K
Textiles & consumer goods $14K
Metals $10K
Wood & paper products $5K
Precious metals & jewellery $2K
Miscellaneous $1K

Balance of trade

Dominican Republic Serbia
Current account balance
-$4.17B
2024
-$4.31B
2024
Current account balance ranking
160/189
2024
162/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-3.35%
2024
-4.84%
2024
Goods imports
$29.8B
2024
$39.6B
2024
Goods exports
$13.9B
2024
$32.2B
2024
Service imports
$6.34B
2024
$12.7B
2024
Service exports
$14.7B
2024
$15.6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
29%
2024
58.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.8%
2024
52.7%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Dominican Republic Serbia
Economic freedom 64.3 64.4
Economic freedom ranking 72/197 71/197
Property rights 56.3 58.9
Government integrity 38.5 37.2
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 50.8
Tax burden 84.6 87.3
Government spending 89.5 40.2
Fiscal health 77 91.2
Business freedom 75.6 74.7
Labor freedom 53.1 66.6
Monetary freedom 69.4 68.5
Trade freedom 68.8 77.2
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 40 50

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for the Dominican Republic is 64.3, ranking 72/197, compared to 64.4 for Serbia, ranking 71/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Dominican Republic
Serbia
Year Economic freedom index
Dominican Republic Serbia
1995 55.8 -
1996 58.1 -
1997 53.5 -
1998 58.1 -
1999 58.1 -
2000 59 -
2001 59.1 -
2002 58.6 46.6
2003 57.8 43.5
2004 54.6 -
2005 55.1 -
2006 56.3 -
2007 56.8 -
2008 57.7 -
2009 59.2 56.6
2010 60.3 56.9
2011 60 58
2012 60.2 58
2013 59.7 58.6
2014 61.3 59.4
2015 61 60
2016 61 62.1
2017 62.9 58.9
2018 61.6 62.5
2019 61 63.9
2020 60.9 66
2021 62.1 67.2
2022 63 65.2
2023 62.6 63.5
2024 62.9 62.7
2025 64.3 64.4

More economic indicators

Dominican Republic Serbia
Services, % of GDP
59.8%
2024
58.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
28.7%
2024
23.3%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
4.45%
2024
3.15%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$117B
2024
$76.2B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$26,050
2024
$29,870
2024
Total reserves including gold
$13.5B
2024
$30.5B
2024
Total reserves ranking
71/177
2024
55/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$4.52B
2024
-$4.98B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$4.48B
2024
$5.64B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$47.3M
2024
$660M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.46%
2023
7.86%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
19%
2024
19.7%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
27%
2024
25.6%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.