Fertility & birth rates in Iceland and Tonga

Fertility rate in Iceland vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Iceland

Tonga

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Iceland	Tonga
2023	1.59	3.13
2022	1.59	3.17
2021	1.82	3.2
2020	1.72	3.23
2019	1.74	3.27
2018	1.71	3.33
2017	1.71	3.39
2016	1.74	3.46
2015	1.8	3.54
2014	1.93	3.62
2013	1.93	3.7
2012	2.04	3.77
2011	2.02	3.83
2010	2.2	3.88
2009	2.23	3.95
2008	2.15	4.01
2007	2.09	4.09
2006	2.08	4.14
2005	2.05	4.2
2004	2.04	4.19
2003	1.99	4.18
2002	1.93	4.14
2001	1.95	4.13
2000	2.08	4.16
1999	1.99	4.23
1998	2.05	4.31
1997	2.04	4.38
1996	2.12	4.46
1995	2.08	4.56
1994	2.14	4.66
1993	2.22	4.73
1992	2.21	4.79
1991	2.18	4.85
1990	2.3	4.93
1989	2.19	5.01
1988	2.26	5.1
1987	2.06	5.19
1986	1.92	5.27
1985	1.93	5.34
1984	2.08	5.41
1983	2.24	5.45
1982	2.27	5.5
1981	2.33	5.55
1980	2.48	5.6
1979	2.49	5.65
1978	2.35	5.68
1977	2.31	5.7
1976	2.52	5.73
1975	2.65	5.75
1974	2.66	5.77
1973	2.94	5.8
1972	3.09	5.86
1971	2.92	5.96
1970	2.81	6.07
1969	2.99	6.17
1968	3.06	6.23
1967	3.28	6.29
1966	3.59	6.35
1965	3.73	6.41
1964	3.88	6.46
1963	3.99	6.52
1962	3.98	6.57
1961	3.88	6.61
1960	4.29	6.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Iceland was 1.59 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Iceland vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Iceland

Tonga

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Iceland	Tonga
2023	1,697	1,744
2022	1,719	1,772
2021	2,534	1,773
2020	2,199	1,816
2019	2,163	1,841
2018	1,975	1,873
2017	1,854	1,912
2016	1,711	1,989
2015	1,952	2,064
2014	2,324	2,135
2013	2,169	2,199
2012	2,566	2,255
2011	2,521	2,298
2010	2,862	2,332
2009	3,026	2,358
2008	2,825	2,397
2007	2,617	2,423
2006	2,491	2,459
2005	2,433	2,495
2004	2,425	2,478
2003	2,317	2,448
2002	2,243	2,396
2001	2,365	2,358
2000	2,475	2,346
1999	2,192	2,352
1998	2,357	2,344
1997	2,305	2,332
1996	2,447	2,393
1995	2,354	2,476
1994	2,713	2,547
1993	2,875	2,594
1992	2,898	2,622
1991	2,733	2,637
1990	3,058	2,641
1989	2,832	2,644
1988	2,847	2,649
1987	2,360	2,646
1986	2,384	2,704
1985	2,221	2,762
1984	2,539	2,814
1983	2,702	2,840
1982	2,736	2,853
1981	2,677	2,882
1980	2,966	2,885
1979	2,980	2,884
1978	2,727	2,862
1977	2,551	2,822
1976	2,951	2,769
1975	2,965	2,709
1974	2,776	2,650
1973	3,121	2,617
1972	3,241	2,605
1971	2,782	2,611
1970	2,576	2,628
1969	2,766	2,632
1968	2,841	2,614
1967	3,021	2,603
1966	3,305	2,550
1965	3,442	2,498
1964	3,459	2,445
1963	3,490	2,394
1962	3,465	2,343
1961	3,312	2,284
1960	3,758	2,230

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.44% in Iceland and +1.67% in Tonga.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.57% in Iceland and +1.79% in Tonga.

Birth rate in Iceland vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Iceland

Tonga

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Iceland	Tonga
2023	11	23.1
2022	11.5	23.4
2021	13.1	23.5
2020	12.3	23.6
2019	12.3	23.8
2018	12	24.1
2017	11.9	24.5
2016	12	25.2
2015	12.5	25.8
2014	13.4	26.4
2013	13.4	26.9
2012	14.1	27.3
2011	14.1	27.7
2010	15.4	28
2009	15.8	28.4
2008	15.2	28.7
2007	14.6	29
2006	14.5	29.5
2005	14.4	30
2004	14.5	30
2003	14.3	29.9
2002	14.1	29.5
2001	14.4	29.4
2000	15.3	29.4
1999	14.8	29.6
1998	15.2	29.7
1997	15.3	29.8
1996	16.1	30.6
1995	16	31.4
1994	16.7	32.2
1993	17.5	32.7
1992	17.7	33
1991	17.6	33.2
1990	18.7	33.3
1989	18	33.4
1988	18.7	33.5
1987	16.6	33.7
1986	16.4	34.4
1985	16	34.9
1984	17.2	35.4
1983	18.4	35.6
1982	18.5	35.8
1981	18.8	36
1980	19.8	36.1
1979	19.8	36.1
1978	18.6	36
1977	18	35.7
1976	19.5	35.6
1975	20.1	35.8
1974	19.9	36
1973	21.7	36.5
1972	22.4	37
1971	20.8	37.8
1970	19.7	38.8
1969	20.7	39.6
1968	21	40.3
1967	22.2	41
1966	24	41.4
1965	24.6	41.9
1964	25.3	42.4
1963	26	42.9
1962	25.8	43.4
1961	25.5	43.9
1960	28	44.3

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 11 in Iceland and 23.1 in Tonga, compared with 28 and 44.3, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Iceland

Factual

UN forecast

Tonga

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Iceland	Tonga
2100	11.8%	17.5%
2099	11.8%	17.6%
2098	11.8%	17.7%
2097	11.8%	17.7%
2096	11.9%	17.9%
2095	11.9%	18%
2094	11.9%	18.1%
2093	11.9%	18.3%
2092	11.9%	18.4%
2091	11.9%	18.6%
2090	11.9%	18.8%
2089	11.9%	19%
2088	11.9%	19.3%
2087	11.9%	19.5%
2086	11.9%	19.7%
2085	11.9%	20%
2084	11.9%	20.2%
2083	11.9%	20.4%
2082	11.9%	20.7%
2081	11.9%	20.9%
2080	11.9%	21.1%
2079	12%	21.3%
2078	12%	21.5%
2077	12%	21.7%
2076	12%	21.9%
2075	12.1%	22%
2074	12.1%	22.2%
2073	12.1%	22.3%
2072	12.2%	22.4%
2071	12.2%	22.6%
2070	12.3%	22.7%
2069	12.4%	22.8%
2068	12.4%	23%
2067	12.5%	23.2%
2066	12.6%	23.4%
2065	12.6%	23.6%
2064	12.7%	23.8%
2063	12.8%	24.1%
2062	12.8%	24.4%
2061	12.9%	24.7%
2060	13%	25%
2059	13%	25.4%
2058	13.1%	25.8%
2057	13.2%	26.2%
2056	13.2%	26.6%
2055	13.3%	27%
2054	13.4%	27.4%
2053	13.4%	27.8%
2052	13.5%	28.2%
2051	13.6%	28.5%
2050	13.7%	28.9%
2049	13.8%	29.1%
2048	13.8%	29.4%
2047	14%	29.6%
2046	14.1%	29.7%
2045	14.2%	29.8%
2044	14.3%	29.9%
2043	14.4%	30%
2042	14.6%	30.1%
2041	14.8%	30.1%
2040	14.9%	30.2%
2039	15.1%	30.2%
2038	15.3%	30.3%
2037	15.5%	30.4%
2036	15.8%	30.6%
2035	16%	30.7%
2034	16.2%	30.9%
2033	16.4%	31.1%
2032	16.5%	31.4%
2031	16.6%	31.8%
2030	16.7%	32.3%
2029	16.9%	33%
2028	17%	33.6%
2027	17.2%	34.1%
2026	17.4%	34.6%
2025	17.6%	35.2%
2024	17.8%	35.4%
2023	18.1%	35.6%
2022	18.4%	35.6%
2021	18.6%	35.7%
2020	18.7%	35.8%
2019	18.9%	36%
2018	19.2%	36.2%
2017	19.6%	36.4%
2016	19.9%	36.5%
2015	20.2%	36.7%
2014	20.4%	36.9%
2013	20.6%	37.1%
2012	20.7%	37.2%
2011	20.8%	37.4%
2010	20.9%	37.6%
2009	20.9%	37.8%
2008	20.9%	38%
2007	21.1%	38.3%
2006	21.5%	38.3%
2005	22.1%	38.3%
2004	22.5%	38.2%
2003	22.8%	38.1%
2002	23%	38.1%
2001	23.2%	38.2%
2000	23.3%	38.3%
1999	23.4%	38.6%
1998	23.6%	38.9%
1997	23.9%	39.3%
1996	24.1%	39.7%
1995	24.4%	39.9%
1994	24.7%	40.1%
1993	24.8%	40.3%
1992	24.8%	40.5%
1991	24.8%	40.6%
1990	25%	40.8%
1989	25%	40.9%
1988	25.2%	41.2%
1987	25.6%	41.5%
1986	25.9%	41.7%
1985	26.2%	42%
1984	26.5%	42.4%
1983	26.7%	42.9%
1982	26.9%	43.4%
1981	27.2%	43.9%
1980	27.5%	44.3%
1979	27.9%	44.8%
1978	28.4%	45.3%
1977	29%	45.8%
1976	29.5%	46.1%
1975	30.1%	46.2%
1974	30.7%	46.2%
1973	31.2%	46.2%
1972	31.6%	46.3%
1971	32.1%	46.4%
1970	32.6%	46.4%
1969	33.2%	46.3%
1968	33.6%	46.2%
1967	34%	46%
1966	34.3%	45.9%
1965	34.5%	45.9%
1964	34.7%	45.9%
1963	34.9%	45.9%
1962	34.9%	45.8%
1961	35%	45.7%
1960	34.9%	45.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Iceland and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 25% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Iceland and Tonga compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Iceland vs Tonga

Chart Table

Iceland

Tonga

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Iceland	Tonga
2023	3	67
2022	5	72
2021	5	76
2020	12	74
2019	4	73
2018	4	74
2017	3	77
2016	3	78
2015	4	79
2014	4	80
2013	4	80
2012	4	83
2011	4	84
2010	5	85
2009	5	91
2008	4	88
2007	5	88
2006	5	89
2005	5	92
2004	6	92
2003	6	95
2002	7	98
2001	6	98
2000	7	100
1999	7	99
1998	8	104
1997	8	111
1996	7	113
1995	13	117
1994	9	123
1993	10	127
1992	12	129
1991	11	134
1990	13	138
1989	14	139
1988	11	145
1987	13	147
1986	15	149
1985	11	148

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Iceland, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Iceland

Tonga

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Iceland	Tonga
2023	0.26%	0.99%
2022	0.26%	1.02%
2021	0.27%	1.05%
2020	0.27%	1.08%
2019	0.27%	1.1%
2018	0.27%	1.12%
2017	0.26%	1.15%
2016	0.26%	1.17%
2015	0.26%	1.19%
2014	0.26%	1.22%
2013	0.26%	1.24%
2012	0.26%	1.26%
2011	0.27%	1.29%
2010	0.27%	1.31%
2009	0.27%	1.34%
2008	0.28%	1.37%
2007	0.29%	1.41%
2006	0.3%	1.44%
2005	0.31%	1.48%
2004	0.33%	1.52%
2003	0.34%	1.56%
2002	0.36%	1.61%
2001	0.38%	1.65%
2000	0.4%	1.7%
1999	0.42%	1.74%
1998	0.45%	1.78%
1997	0.47%	1.81%
1996	0.49%	1.85%
1995	0.52%	1.89%
1994	0.54%	1.94%
1993	0.56%	2%
1992	0.58%	2.06%
1991	0.61%	2.14%
1990	0.63%	2.21%
1989	0.65%	2.29%
1988	0.67%	2.37%
1987	0.7%	2.44%
1986	0.73%	2.51%
1985	0.75%	2.57%
1984	0.79%	2.63%
1983	0.83%	2.7%
1982	0.87%	2.78%
1981	0.92%	2.87%
1980	0.97%	2.97%
1979	1.03%	3.09%
1978	1.09%	3.22%
1977	1.15%	3.37%
1976	1.22%	3.53%
1975	1.29%	3.71%
1974	1.35%	3.9%
1973	1.41%	4.11%
1972	1.48%	4.35%
1971	1.54%	4.61%
1970	1.6%	4.91%
1969	1.66%	5.25%
1968	1.72%	5.63%
1967	1.79%	6.03%
1966	1.85%	6.45%
1965	1.92%	6.89%
1964	1.97%	7.35%
1963	2.02%	7.83%
1962	2.07%	-
1961	2.11%	-
1960	2.14%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.26% in Iceland and 0.99% in Tonga. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.