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Fertility & birth rates in Iceland and Norway

Updated on by Georank team

Iceland has an annual birth rate of 11 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.4 for Norway. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.59 in Iceland and 1.4 in Norway — 11.9% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -62.9% in Iceland and by -50.9% in Norway — in 1960, it was 4.29 and 2.85, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Iceland is ranked 132/196 by birth rate compared to 156/196 for Norway.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 28.8 years in Iceland, compared to 30.1 years in Norway.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31 in Iceland — it's 31.7 in Norway.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 3.37 in Iceland vs 1.41 in Norway.
  • In Iceland, 23.7% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 22.4% in Norway.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.44% in Iceland and +0.15% in Norway.

Birth rate data compared

Iceland Norway
Fertility rate 1.59 1.4
Birth rate 11 9.4
Birth rate rank 132/196 156/196
Age at first childbirth 28.8 years 30.1 years
Average age at childbearing 31 years 31.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 2.82 1.17
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 68.4 52.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 20.4 18.6
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 23.7% 22.4%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 n/a 69.2%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 97.4% 99.2%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.003% 0.001%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.13% 0.13%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.19% 0.19%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.26% 0.24%
Population change due to births and deaths +1,730 +8,280
Natural population change rank 138/196 118/196
Natural population change rate +0.44% +0.15%
Population growth +2.86% +0.95%
Population growth rank 21/197 107/197
Life expectancy 83.2 years 83.6 years

Fertility rate in Iceland vs Norway chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Iceland was 1.59 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.4 in Norway in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Iceland vs Norway population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Iceland
Factual

UN forecast
Norway
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Iceland Norway
1960 4.29 2.85
1961 3.88 2.94
1962 3.98 2.91
1963 3.99 2.93
1964 3.88 2.98
1965 3.73 2.94
1966 3.59 2.9
1967 3.28 2.81
1968 3.06 2.75
1969 2.99 2.7
1970 2.81 2.5
1971 2.92 2.49
1972 3.09 2.38
1973 2.94 2.23
1974 2.66 2.13
1975 2.65 1.98
1976 2.52 1.86
1977 2.31 1.75
1978 2.35 1.77
1979 2.49 1.75
1980 2.48 1.72
1981 2.33 1.7
1982 2.27 1.71
1983 2.24 1.66
1984 2.08 1.66
1985 1.93 1.68
1986 1.92 1.71
1987 2.06 1.74
1988 2.26 1.84
1989 2.19 1.89
1990 2.3 1.93
1991 2.18 1.92
1992 2.21 1.88
1993 2.22 1.86
1994 2.14 1.87
1995 2.08 1.87
1996 2.12 1.89
1997 2.04 1.86
1998 2.05 1.81
1999 1.99 1.85
2000 2.08 1.85
2001 1.95 1.78
2002 1.93 1.75
2003 1.99 1.8
2004 2.04 1.83
2005 2.05 1.84
2006 2.08 1.9
2007 2.09 1.9
2008 2.15 1.96
2009 2.23 1.98
2010 2.2 1.95
2011 2.02 1.88
2012 2.04 1.85
2013 1.93 1.78
2014 1.93 1.75
2015 1.8 1.72
2016 1.74 1.71
2017 1.71 1.62
2018 1.71 1.56
2019 1.74 1.53
2020 1.72 1.48
2021 1.82 1.55
2022 1.59 1.41
2023 1.59 1.4
2024 1.57 1.41
2025 1.55 1.41
2026 1.54 1.41
2027 1.53 1.42
2028 1.53 1.42
2029 1.53 1.43
2030 1.52 1.43
2031 1.52 1.43
2032 1.52 1.44
2033 1.53 1.44
2034 1.53 1.45
2035 1.53 1.45
2036 1.53 1.45
2037 1.53 1.46
2038 1.53 1.46
2039 1.54 1.46
2040 1.54 1.47
2041 1.54 1.47
2042 1.54 1.47
2043 1.54 1.48
2044 1.54 1.48
2045 1.54 1.48
2046 1.55 1.48
2047 1.55 1.48
2048 1.55 1.49
2049 1.55 1.49
2050 1.56 1.49

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Iceland
Factual

UN forecast
Norway
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Iceland Norway
1960 34.9% 25.9%
1961 35% 25.6%
1962 34.9% 25.2%
1963 34.9% 25%
1964 34.7% 24.8%
1965 34.5% 24.8%
1966 34.3% 24.7%
1967 34% 24.7%
1968 33.6% 24.6%
1969 33.2% 24.5%
1970 32.6% 24.5%
1971 32.1% 24.4%
1972 31.6% 24.3%
1973 31.2% 24.2%
1974 30.7% 24%
1975 30.1% 23.8%
1976 29.5% 23.5%
1977 29% 23.3%
1978 28.4% 22.9%
1979 27.9% 22.6%
1980 27.5% 22.2%
1981 27.2% 21.8%
1982 26.9% 21.3%
1983 26.7% 20.9%
1984 26.5% 20.4%
1985 26.2% 20%
1986 25.9% 19.6%
1987 25.6% 19.3%
1988 25.2% 19.1%
1989 25% 19%
1990 25% 18.9%
1991 24.8% 19%
1992 24.8% 19.1%
1993 24.8% 19.3%
1994 24.7% 19.4%
1995 24.4% 19.5%
1996 24.1% 19.6%
1997 23.9% 19.7%
1998 23.6% 19.8%
1999 23.4% 19.9%
2000 23.3% 20%
2001 23.2% 20%
2002 23% 20%
2003 22.8% 19.9%
2004 22.5% 19.8%
2005 22.1% 19.6%
2006 21.5% 19.4%
2007 21.1% 19.3%
2008 20.9% 19.1%
2009 20.9% 18.9%
2010 20.9% 18.8%
2011 20.8% 18.6%
2012 20.7% 18.4%
2013 20.6% 18.3%
2014 20.4% 18.1%
2015 20.2% 18%
2016 19.9% 17.9%
2017 19.6% 17.8%
2018 19.2% 17.6%
2019 18.9% 17.4%
2020 18.7% 17.2%
2021 18.6% 17%
2022 18.4% 16.8%
2023 18.1% 16.5%
2024 17.8% 16.2%
2025 17.5% 15.9%
2026 17.3% 15.7%
2027 17.1% 15.4%
2028 17% 15.2%
2029 16.8% 15%
2030 16.7% 14.8%
2031 16.6% 14.7%
2032 16.5% 14.5%
2033 16.3% 14.4%
2034 16.1% 14.3%
2035 15.9% 14.2%
2036 15.6% 14.1%
2037 15.4% 14%
2038 15.2% 14%
2039 15% 14%
2040 14.8% 13.9%
2041 14.7% 13.9%
2042 14.5% 13.9%
2043 14.4% 13.9%
2044 14.2% 13.9%
2045 14.1% 13.9%
2046 14% 13.9%
2047 13.9% 13.9%
2048 13.8% 13.9%
2049 13.7% 13.9%
2050 13.6% 13.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Iceland and 16.2% in Norway in 2024, compared to 25% and 18.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Iceland and Norway compared.

Natural population change in Iceland vs Norway by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.57% in Iceland and +0.26% in Norway. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Iceland
Norway

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Iceland Norway
1960 3,758 29,366
1961 3,312 29,239
1962 3,465 28,020
1963 3,490 26,766
1964 3,459 30,293
1965 3,442 31,275
1966 3,305 31,150
1967 3,021 30,276
1968 2,841 29,387
1969 2,766 28,858
1970 2,576 25,968
1971 2,782 26,541
1972 3,241 24,777
1973 3,121 21,387
1974 2,776 20,324
1975 2,965 16,430
1976 2,951 13,286
1977 2,551 11,321
1978 2,727 11,364
1979 2,980 10,181
1980 2,966 9,806
1981 2,677 9,020
1982 2,736 9,875
1983 2,702 7,844
1984 2,539 7,452
1985 2,221 6,644
1986 2,384 8,751
1987 2,360 9,212
1988 2,847 12,207
1989 2,832 13,949
1990 3,058 14,845
1991 2,733 16,194
1992 2,898 15,431
1993 2,875 12,936
1994 2,713 16,045
1995 2,354 14,821
1996 2,447 17,087
1997 2,305 15,418
1998 2,357 14,181
1999 2,192 14,278
2000 2,475 15,269
2001 2,365 13,090
2002 2,243 10,892
2003 2,317 14,151
2004 2,425 15,612
2005 2,433 15,719
2006 2,491 17,244
2007 2,617 16,482
2008 2,825 19,073
2009 3,026 20,280
2010 2,862 20,046
2011 2,521 18,822
2012 2,566 18,066
2013 2,169 17,779
2014 2,324 18,494
2015 1,952 18,160
2016 1,711 17,797
2017 1,854 15,831
2018 1,975 14,342
2019 2,163 13,904
2020 2,199 12,372
2021 2,534 14,062
2022 1,719 5,457
2023 1,730 8,280

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Iceland vs Norway

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Iceland, compared to 1 deaths in Norway.

Iceland
Norway
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Iceland Norway
1985 11 9
1986 15 9
1987 13 9
1988 11 9
1989 14 9
1990 13 9
1991 11 8
1992 12 8
1993 10 7
1994 9 7
1995 13 6
1996 7 6
1997 8 5
1998 8 5
1999 7 5
2000 7 5
2001 6 5
2002 7 5
2003 6 5
2004 6 6
2005 5 6
2006 5 5
2007 5 5
2008 4 5
2009 5 4
2010 5 4
2011 4 4
2012 4 3
2013 4 3
2014 4 2
2015 4 2
2016 3 2
2017 3 2
2018 4 2
2019 4 2
2020 12 2
2021 5 2
2022 5 3
2023 3 1

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.26% in Iceland and 0.24% in Norway. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Iceland
Norway

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Iceland Norway
1960 2.14% 2.26%
1961 2.11% 2.21%
1962 2.07% 2.15%
1963 2.02% 2.1%
1964 1.97% 2.04%
1965 1.92% 1.97%
1966 1.85% 1.9%
1967 1.79% 1.82%
1968 1.72% 1.75%
1969 1.66% 1.69%
1970 1.6% 1.62%
1971 1.54% 1.56%
1972 1.48% 1.5%
1973 1.41% 1.43%
1974 1.35% 1.36%
1975 1.29% 1.29%
1976 1.22% 1.22%
1977 1.15% 1.15%
1978 1.09% 1.09%
1979 1.03% 1.04%
1980 0.97% 1.01%
1981 0.92% 0.99%
1982 0.87% 0.99%
1983 0.83% 1%
1984 0.79% 1.01%
1985 0.75% 1.02%
1986 0.73% 1.02%
1987 0.7% 1.01%
1988 0.67% 0.98%
1989 0.65% 0.93%
1990 0.63% 0.87%
1991 0.61% 0.79%
1992 0.58% 0.72%
1993 0.56% 0.66%
1994 0.54% 0.61%
1995 0.52% 0.57%
1996 0.49% 0.54%
1997 0.47% 0.52%
1998 0.45% 0.51%
1999 0.42% 0.5%
2000 0.4% 0.49%
2001 0.38% 0.47%
2002 0.36% 0.46%
2003 0.34% 0.44%
2004 0.33% 0.42%
2005 0.31% 0.41%
2006 0.3% 0.39%
2007 0.29% 0.37%
2008 0.28% 0.36%
2009 0.27% 0.34%
2010 0.27% 0.33%
2011 0.27% 0.31%
2012 0.26% 0.3%
2013 0.26% 0.29%
2014 0.26% 0.28%
2015 0.26% 0.27%
2016 0.26% 0.26%
2017 0.26% 0.25%
2018 0.27% 0.25%
2019 0.27% 0.24%
2020 0.27% 0.24%
2021 0.27% 0.23%
2022 0.26% 0.23%
2023 0.26% 0.24%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Iceland vs Norway
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