Fertility & birth rates in East Timor and Gambia

Fertility rate in East Timor vs Gambia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in East Timor was 2.71 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.01 in the Gambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check East Timor vs the Gambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	East Timor	Gambia
1960	6.32	6.25
1961	6.27	6.23
1962	6.22	6.21
1963	6.16	6.2
1964	6.08	6.2
1965	6.01	6.19
1966	5.93	6.18
1967	5.86	6.21
1968	5.79	6.22
1969	5.72	6.25
1970	5.66	6.26
1971	5.58	6.33
1972	5.49	6.37
1973	5.39	6.41
1974	5.29	6.42
1975	5.19	6.43
1976	5.12	6.43
1977	5.09	6.43
1978	5.09	6.42
1979	5.14	6.41
1980	5.22	6.41
1981	5.53	6.4
1982	5.56	6.4
1983	5.59	6.39
1984	5.61	6.39
1985	5.65	6.36
1986	5.67	6.34
1987	5.68	6.3
1988	5.72	6.26
1989	5.76	6.25
1990	5.81	6.25
1991	5.84	6.19
1992	5.87	6.11
1993	5.88	6.03
1994	5.91	6.04
1995	5.94	5.99
1996	5.94	5.93
1997	5.96	5.85
1998	5.96	5.82
1999	5.97	5.77
2000	5.93	5.72
2001	5.92	5.67
2002	5.9	5.66
2003	5.85	5.66
2004	5.74	5.68
2005	5.61	5.71
2006	5.47	5.74
2007	5.33	5.69
2008	5.17	5.63
2009	4.99	5.57
2010	4.82	5.56
2011	4.61	5.54
2012	4.4	5.52
2013	4.21	5.39
2014	4	5.2
2015	3.78	5
2016	3.58	4.81
2017	3.4	4.61
2018	3.24	4.42
2019	3.12	4.33
2020	3.01	4.25
2021	2.89	4.17
2022	2.8	4.08
2023	2.71	4.01
2024	2.63	3.91
2025	2.56	3.8
2026	2.5	3.7
2027	2.45	3.6
2028	2.4	3.51
2029	2.36	3.41
2030	2.32	3.33
2031	2.29	3.24
2032	2.25	3.17
2033	2.22	3.1
2034	2.19	3.03
2035	2.17	2.97
2036	2.14	2.91
2037	2.12	2.86
2038	2.09	2.81
2039	2.07	2.76
2040	2.05	2.71
2041	2.03	2.67
2042	2.02	2.63
2043	2	2.59
2044	1.99	2.56
2045	1.97	2.52
2046	1.96	2.49
2047	1.95	2.46
2048	1.94	2.43
2049	1.93	2.4
2050	1.92	2.38

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	East Timor	Gambia
1960	40.1%	41%
1961	39.7%	40.8%
1962	39.3%	40.7%
1963	39%	40.8%
1964	38.8%	41%
1965	38.7%	41.3%
1966	38.9%	41.5%
1967	39.1%	41.6%
1968	39.3%	41.8%
1969	39.5%	41.9%
1970	39.6%	42%
1971	39.7%	42.1%
1972	39.7%	42.2%
1973	39.8%	42.3%
1974	39.7%	42.4%
1975	39.4%	42.6%
1976	39%	42.8%
1977	38.5%	43%
1978	38%	43.3%
1979	37.5%	43.5%
1980	37.4%	43.7%
1981	37.8%	44%
1982	38.4%	44.3%
1983	38.8%	44.6%
1984	39.3%	44.9%
1985	39.7%	45%
1986	40.2%	45.2%
1987	40.7%	45.4%
1988	41.3%	45.5%
1989	41.9%	45.6%
1990	42.2%	45.7%
1991	42.4%	45.8%
1992	42.6%	45.9%
1993	42.7%	46%
1994	42.9%	46.3%
1995	43%	46.5%
1996	43%	46.7%
1997	43%	46.9%
1998	42.9%	46.9%
1999	42.7%	46.9%
2000	42.6%	46.8%
2001	42.5%	46.7%
2002	42.4%	46.6%
2003	42.2%	46.4%
2004	42%	46.1%
2005	42.1%	45.9%
2006	42.2%	45.6%
2007	42.3%	45.3%
2008	42.1%	45.1%
2009	41.9%	44.8%
2010	41.6%	44.5%
2011	41.3%	44.3%
2012	40.9%	44.1%
2013	40.4%	43.9%
2014	39.8%	43.7%
2015	39.1%	43.6%
2016	38.4%	43.3%
2017	37.8%	43.1%
2018	37.2%	42.8%
2019	36.6%	42.4%
2020	36%	42%
2021	35.4%	41.6%
2022	34.8%	41.2%
2023	34.2%	40.7%
2024	33.7%	40.2%
2025	33.1%	39.7%
2026	32.6%	39.2%
2027	32.1%	38.5%
2028	31.6%	37.9%
2029	31%	37.3%
2030	30.4%	36.7%
2031	29.8%	36.2%
2032	29.2%	35.7%
2033	28.7%	35.2%
2034	28.1%	34.8%
2035	27.6%	34.3%
2036	27.2%	33.9%
2037	26.9%	33.4%
2038	26.7%	33%
2039	26.4%	32.5%
2040	26.2%	32.1%
2041	25.9%	31.7%
2042	25.6%	31.3%
2043	25.4%	30.9%
2044	25.1%	30.5%
2045	24.8%	30.2%
2046	24.5%	29.8%
2047	24.1%	29.5%
2048	23.8%	29.1%
2049	23.5%	28.8%
2050	23.1%	28.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.7% of the population in East Timor and 40.2% in the Gambia in 2024, compared to 42.2% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of East Timor and the Gambia compared.

Natural population change in East Timor vs Gambia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.7% in East Timor and +2.59% in the Gambia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	East Timor	Gambia
1960	7,012	8,420
1961	7,330	8,778
1962	7,639	9,150
1963	7,938	9,493
1964	8,235	9,825
1965	8,526	10,162
1966	8,810	10,422
1967	9,089	10,823
1968	9,356	11,215
1969	9,611	11,670
1970	9,824	12,128
1971	9,964	12,842
1972	10,030	13,432
1973	10,033	14,046
1974	8,405	14,628
1975	-1,062	15,256
1976	783	16,032
1977	296	16,773
1978	-1,000	17,424
1979	987	18,543
1980	6,940	19,566
1981	9,336	20,156
1982	9,579	21,894
1983	9,686	23,175
1984	10,922	24,586
1985	10,788	25,795
1986	11,062	27,195
1987	11,945	28,452
1988	12,118	29,938
1989	17,758	31,504
1990	18,343	33,163
1991	18,605	34,584
1992	19,880	35,951
1993	20,770	37,302
1994	21,746	38,880
1995	21,962	39,681
1996	22,703	40,253
1997	23,501	40,742
1998	23,590	41,842
1999	21,871	42,533
2000	21,579	43,249
2001	23,314	44,154
2002	25,410	45,156
2003	26,900	46,473
2004	26,751	48,276
2005	26,412	50,010
2006	26,221	52,335
2007	26,074	53,653
2008	25,888	55,032
2009	25,696	56,575
2010	25,515	58,554
2011	25,237	60,571
2012	24,890	62,745
2013	24,538	63,510
2014	24,040	63,185
2015	23,391	62,832
2016	22,778	62,358
2017	22,145	61,665
2018	21,650	60,854
2019	21,307	61,701
2020	21,166	62,209
2021	20,101	62,239
2022	20,625	63,634
2023	20,495	65,118

Maternal mortality chart: East Timor vs Gambia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 192 deaths per 100,000 live births in East Timor, compared to 354 deaths in the Gambia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	East Timor	Gambia
1985	1,916	1,454
1986	1,860	1,401
1987	1,763	1,360
1988	1,743	1,302
1989	1,511	1,258
1990	1,477	1,207
1991	1,439	1,167
1992	1,368	1,115
1993	1,308	1,072
1994	1,254	1,039
1995	1,239	999
1996	1,193	956
1997	1,166	928
1998	1,157	867
1999	1,488	830
2000	796	810
2001	761	794
2002	724	772
2003	714	749
2004	683	719
2005	648	707
2006	600	682
2007	559	675
2008	518	653
2009	477	634
2010	439	632
2011	404	634
2012	374	628
2013	349	606
2014	327	561
2015	305	527
2016	287	490
2017	269	469
2018	251	450
2019	237	422
2020	257	400
2021	263	420
2022	235	365
2023	192	354

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 5% in East Timor and 4.41% in the Gambia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	East Timor	Gambia
1960	-	36.2%
1961	-	35.5%
1962	-	34.8%
1963	-	34.1%
1964	-	33.5%
1965	-	32.8%
1966	-	32.1%
1967	-	31.5%
1968	-	30.9%
1969	-	30.2%
1970	-	29.5%
1971	-	28.9%
1972	-	28.2%
1973	-	27.5%
1974	-	26.9%
1975	-	26.2%
1976	-	25.5%
1977	-	24.9%
1978	-	24.2%
1979	-	23.6%
1980	-	23%
1981	-	22.3%
1982	-	21.7%
1983	-	21%
1984	-	20.4%
1985	27.1%	19.7%
1986	26.3%	19.1%
1987	24.4%	18.4%
1988	24.1%	17.8%
1989	23%	17.2%
1990	22.5%	16.6%
1991	22.2%	16%
1992	21.1%	15.5%
1993	20%	14.9%
1994	19.2%	14.4%
1995	19.3%	13.9%
1996	18.5%	13.3%
1997	17.7%	12.8%
1998	18%	12.3%
1999	19.4%	11.8%
2000	11.1%	11.3%
2001	10.6%	10.9%
2002	10.1%	10.4%
2003	9.61%	9.95%
2004	9.17%	9.52%
2005	8.75%	9.11%
2006	8.36%	8.71%
2007	8.01%	8.33%
2008	7.68%	7.98%
2009	7.38%	7.64%
2010	7.11%	7.31%
2011	6.86%	7.01%
2012	6.63%	6.73%
2013	6.42%	6.45%
2014	6.23%	6.18%
2015	6.06%	5.93%
2016	5.91%	5.7%
2017	5.78%	5.47%
2018	5.66%	5.27%
2019	5.55%	5.07%
2020	5.42%	4.89%
2021	5.28%	4.72%
2022	5.14%	4.56%
2023	5%	4.41%