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Economy of Indonesia vs Oman compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Indonesia has a GDP of $1.4T compared to $107B for Oman, ranking 16/197 and 70/197 by economy size, respectively.

Indonesia has $561B in government debt (40.2% of GDP), compared to $38B (35.5% of GDP) in Oman.

Indonesia vs Oman GDP by year

Indonesia
Oman
1x
Year GDP, current $
Indonesia Oman
2024 $1,396,300,098,191 $107,137,198,769
2023 $1,371,169,301,564 $106,174,708,037
2022 $1,319,101,183,380 $109,852,795,839
2021 $1,186,509,691,087 $87,323,797,139
2020 $1,059,054,842,698 $75,909,492,848
2019 $1,119,099,871,350 $88,060,858,257
2018 $1,042,271,532,989 $91,505,851,756
2017 $1,015,618,744,160 $80,856,697,009
2016 $931,877,364,038 $75,128,738,622
2015 $860,854,232,686 $78,710,793,238
2014 $890,814,755,534 $92,699,089,727
2013 $912,524,136,718 $89,936,020,806
2012 $917,869,913,333 $87,408,842,653
2011 $892,969,104,563 $77,497,529,259
2010 $755,094,157,622 $64,993,498,049
2009 $539,580,085,612 $55,454,096,229
2008 $510,228,634,992 $69,804,681,404
2007 $432,216,737,775 $48,300,390,117
2006 $364,570,515,618 $42,577,633,290
2005 $285,868,619,196 $35,506,892,068
2004 $256,836,875,295 $28,378,933,680
2003 $234,772,463,824 $24,733,680,104
2002 $195,660,611,165 $23,065,539,662
2001 $160,446,947,785 $22,205,721,717
2000 $165,021,012,078 $22,259,557,867
1999 $140,001,351,215 $17,832,769,831
1998 $95,445,547,873 $16,044,213,264
1997 $215,748,998,610 $18,039,791,938
1996 $227,369,679,375 $17,402,080,624
1995 $202,132,028,723 $15,722,236,671
1994 $176,892,143,932 $14,715,214,564
1993 $158,006,700,302 $14,230,429,129
1992 $128,026,966,580 $14,183,615,085
1991 $116,621,996,217 $12,918,335,501
1990 $106,140,727,334 $13,310,273,082
1989 $94,451,427,877 $9,372,171,651
1988 $84,300,174,486 $8,386,215,865
1987 $75,929,617,558 $7,811,183,095
1986 $79,954,072,545 $7,324,167,369
1985 $85,289,488,375 $10,005,645,420
1984 $84,853,700,028 $8,821,443,151
1983 $81,052,283,384 $7,932,541,691
1982 $90,158,449,295 $7,554,719,456
1981 $85,518,233,419 $7,259,120,151
1980 $72,482,337,397 $5,981,760,278
1979 $51,400,186,343 $3,733,352,635
1978 $51,455,719,076 $2,740,301,390
1977 $45,808,915,663 $2,741,169,948
1976 $37,269,156,627 $2,560,220,035
1975 $30,463,855,422 $2,096,699,189
1974 $25,802,409,639 $1,645,917,776
1973 $16,273,253,012 $483,066,991
1972 $10,997,590,361 $366,883,548
1971 $9,333,536,370 $301,010,587
1970 $9,150,684,932 $256,319,795
1969 $8,337,423,313 $239,999,808
1968 $7,076,465,300 $188,879,849
1967 $5,667,756,628 $107,151,832
1966 - $67,759,973
1965 - $63,279,975
1964 - $61,872,526
1963 - $59,912,763
1962 - $56,273,202
1961 - $45,634,487
1960 - $44,234,656

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

GDP per capita in Indonesia vs Oman by year

Indonesia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Oman
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Indonesia Oman
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $4,925 $16,448 $20,285 $41,740
2023 $4,876 $15,416 $21,028 $41,945
2022 $4,731 $14,285 $23,224 $42,616
2021 $4,287 $12,757 $19,403 $38,719
2020 $3,854 $11,729 $16,785 $35,163
2019 $4,107 $11,986 $19,180 $37,251
2018 $3,861 $11,372 $19,902 $37,780
2017 $3,799 $10,688 $17,820 $33,619
2016 $3,521 $10,263 $17,110 $33,334
2015 $3,288 $10,028 $18,808 $36,058
2014 $3,441 $10,065 $23,161 $44,236
2013 $3,567 $9,866 $23,458 $47,013
2012 $3,632 $9,530 $24,642 $49,989
2011 $3,579 $8,937 $25,188 $52,393
2010 $3,066 $8,353 $23,570 $55,667
2009 $2,218 $7,868 $20,656 $55,127
2008 $2,125 $7,569 $26,577 $52,841
2007 $1,823 $7,096 $18,793 $48,627
2006 $1,558 $6,583 $16,931 $46,091
2005 $1,238 $6,134 $14,435 $43,673
2004 $1,127 $5,700 $11,801 $42,142
2003 $1,043 $5,353 $10,464 $40,935
2002 $881 $5,076 $9,869 $41,511
2001 $732 $4,849 $9,612 $41,679
2000 $764 $4,639 $9,754 $39,443
1999 $657 $4,386 $7,915 $36,792
1998 $455 $4,356 $7,219 $36,666
1997 $1,045 $5,037 $8,235 $36,809
1996 $1,119 $4,807 $8,068 $34,661
1995 $1,011 $4,451 $7,414 $33,598
1994 $900 $4,096 $7,068 $31,925
1993 $817 $3,793 $7,039 $30,987
1992 $674 $3,538 $7,318 $29,773
1991 $624 $3,305 $6,977 $28,109
1990 $578 $3,044 $7,546 $26,904
1989 $524 - $5,591 -
1988 $477 - $5,279 -
1987 $438 - $5,204 -
1986 $470 - $5,182 -
1985 $511 - $7,549 -
1984 $520 - $7,070 -
1983 $508 - $6,714 -
1982 $578 - $6,759 -
1981 $561 - $6,866 -
1980 $487 - $5,974 -
1979 $353 - $3,934 -
1978 $362 - $3,044 -
1977 $331 - $3,205 -
1976 $275.7 - $3,143 -
1975 $231.1 - $2,692 -
1974 $200.7 - $2,203 -
1973 $129.9 - $670 -
1972 $90.1 - $524 -
1971 $78.5 - $442 -
1970 $79.1 - $387 -
1969 $74.1 - $372 -
1968 $64.7 - $300 -
1967 $53.2 - $174.7 -
1966 - - $113.2 -
1965 - - $108.1 -
1964 - - $108.1 -
1963 - - $106.8 -
1962 - - $102.3 -
1961 - - $84.5 -
1960 - - $83.4 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

Indonesia's GDP per capita is $4,925, ranking 121/197, compared to $20,285 in Oman, ranking 57/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Indonesia ranks 107th at $16,448, while Oman ranks 55th at $41,740.

Economic indicators

Indonesia Oman
Gross domestic product
$1.4T
2024
$107B
2024
GDP rank
16/197
2024
70/197
2024
GDP growth
5.03%
2023-2024
1.63%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$4,925
2024
$20,285
2024
GDP per capita rank
121/197
2024
57/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$16,448
2024
$41,740
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
107/197
2024
55/197
2024
Government debt
$561B
2024
$38B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
40.2%
2024
35.5%
2024
Government debt per person
$1,978
2024
$7,204
2024
Government debt per person rank
120/185
2024
67/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,371
2026
$20,894
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$758B
2023
$22.3B
2022
Number of millionaires
178,605
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
33
2025
2
2025
Income share by richest 10%
28.8%
2024
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2024
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
16.8%
2024
28.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.18%
2023-2024
0.6%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
4.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
3.31%
2023
3.3%
2024
Population
288551776
5761708

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Indonesia
Spending

Debt
Oman
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Indonesia Oman
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 16.8% 40.2% 28.7% 35.5%
2023 16.6% 39.6% 27.5% 37.5%
2022 17.3% 40.1% 30.9% 41.7%
2021 18.1% 41.1% 36.5% 61.9%
2020 18.4% 39.7% 44.5% 67.9%
2019 16.4% 30.6% 38.8% 52.5%
2018 16.6% 30.4% 38.3% 44.7%
2017 16.4% 29.4% 39.4% 40.1%
2016 16.9% 28% 44.6% 29.3%
2015 17.6% 27% 44.5% 13.9%
2014 18.4% 24.6% 41.4% 4.04%
2013 18.8% 24.9% 39.3% 4.66%
2012 18.8% 23% 38.6% 4.59%
2011 17.7% 23.1% 34.5% 4.44%
2010 16.9% 26.4% 30.6% 5.46%
2009 17% 26.5% 33.4% 5.8%
2008 19.4% 30.3% 25.6% 3.2%
2007 18.7% 38.1% 30.7% 4.44%
2006 18.4% 35.8% 30.1% 7.56%
2005 17.4% 42.6% 30.6% 8.39%
2004 17.8% 51.3% 34.1% 14.5%
2003 18.2% 55.6% 34% 13%
2002 16.9% 62.3% 34.1% 15.9%
2001 19.5% 73.7% 33.3% 22.5%
2000 15.3% 87.4% 31.2% 21.7%
1999 15.1% 95.9% 34.2% 28.9%
1998 15.1% 72.5% 36.1% 30.9%
1997 15.2% 26.4% 32.1% 20.8%
1996 11.5% 27.5% 33.5% 21.2%
1995 11.9% 32% 38.2% 21.9%
1994 13.5% 37% 39.7% 23.6%
1993 14.1% 40.4% 40.1% 22.2%
1992 16.8% 42.6% 40.1% 23.1%
1991 15% 39.2% 37.4% 22.6%
1990 15.8% 40.8% 36.5% 17.8%
1989 16.5% 42.5% - -
1988 17.3% 45.6% - -
1987 18% 49.7% - -
1986 20.9% 38.3% - -
1985 18.5% 28% - -
1984 16.1% 23.5% - -
1983 18.2% 23.1% - -
1982 18.8% 18.6% - -
1981 24.4% 16.4% - -
1980 22.1% 17.3% - -
1979 20.9% 22% - -
1978 20.1% 30.3% - -
1977 19.5% 27.7% - -
1976 21.8% 38.1% - -
1975 20.5% 36.7% - -
1974 17.3% 34.4% - -
1973 16.3% 43.1% - -
1972 15.7% 51.2% - -
1971 14.5% 50.5% - -
1970 13.8% 46.7% - -
1969 12.8% - - -
1968 8.82% - - -
1967 10.4% - - -
1966 9.18% - - -
1965 10.7% - - -
1964 9.55% - - -
1963 10.3% - - -
1962 7.89% - - -
1961 15.1% - - -
1960 14.4% - - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

In 2024, Indonesia's government spending was $235B, accounting for 16.8% of its GDP, while Oman spent $30.7B, or 28.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 40.2% in Indonesia and 35.5% in Oman, ranking 132/185 and 145/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Indonesia

Oman
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Indonesia Oman
2024 -2.3% 3.31%
2023 -1.64% 6.87%
2022 -2.31% 10.5%
2021 -4.4% -3.17%
2020 -6.07% -15.7%
2019 -2.09% -4.83%
2018 -1.69% -6.72%
2017 -2.26% -10.5%
2016 -2.56% -19.6%
2015 -2.72% -13.5%
2014 -1.8% -1.58%
2013 -1.96% 2.78%
2012 -1.59% 4.07%
2011 -0.7% 8.24%
2010 -1.24% 4.95%
2009 -1.64% -0.27%
2008 0.05% 14.7%
2007 -0.95% 10.5%
2006 0.45% 12.2%
2005 0.46% 11.2%
2004 -0.26% 5.43%
2003 -1.08% 5.92%
2002 -0.58% 5.31%
2001 -1.76% 7.55%
2000 -1.87% 12.2%
1999 -0.96% 0.3%
1998 -1.89% -4.37%
1997 -1.03% 4.77%
1996 0.96% 2.22%
1995 0.64% -3.9%
1994 0.005% -7.47%
1993 -0.59% -6.84%
1992 -2.95% -4.85%
1991 -0.87% 0.12%
1990 -0.55% 4.78%
1989 -1.72% -
1988 -2.68% -
1987 -0.9% -
1986 -2.94% -
1985 -0.45% -
1984 1.83% -
1983 -1% -
1982 -1.11% -
1981 -0.69% -
1980 -0.82% -
1979 -0.67% -
1978 -2.03% -
1977 -0.38% -
1976 -2.63% -
1975 -2.33% -
1974 -0.35% -
1973 -1.33% -
1972 -1.82% -
1971 -2.51% -
1970 -3.02% -
1969 -2.8% -
1968 0% -
1967 -0.35% -
1966 -5.06% -
1965 -6.62% -
1964 -5.58% -
1963 -5.24% -
1962 -3.1% -
1961 -4.57% -
1960 -1.65% -
1959 -4.06% -
1958 -6.67% -
1957 -2.92% -
1956 -1.38% -
1955 -1.6% -
1954 -3.16% -
1953 -2.33% -
1952 -3.66% -
1951 1.52% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

In 2024, Indonesia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $32.1B, equivalent to 2.3% of GDP. This compares to Oman's surplus of $3.54B, or 3.31% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Indonesia recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while Oman ran a deficit in 14 years. On average, Indonesia posted an annual deficit equal to 1.42% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.99% of GDP for Oman.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Indonesia

Oman
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Indonesia Oman
2024 2.18% 0.6%
2023 3.67% 1%
2022 4.21% 2.5%
2021 1.56% 1.7%
2020 1.92% -0.4%
2019 3.03% 0.5%
2018 3.2% 0.7%
2017 3.81% 1.5%
2016 3.53% 0.9%
2015 6.36% 0.1%
2014 6.39% 1.2%
2013 6.41% 1.3%
2012 4.28% 2.9%
2011 5.36% 4.1%
2010 5.13% 3.3%
2009 4.39% 3.5%
2008 10.2% 12.6%
2007 6.41% 5.9%
2006 13.1% 3.2%
2005 10.5% 1.9%
2004 6.06% 0.8%
2003 6.76% 0.2%
2002 11.9% -0.3%
2001 11.5% -0.8%
2000 3.69% -1.2%
1999 20.5% 0.5%
1998 58.5% 0.4%
1997 6.23% -0.4%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Indonesia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 8.24%, compared with 1.72% in Oman. In 2024, inflation was 2.18% in Indonesia and 0.6% in Oman.

Top exports between countries

Indonesia
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $191M
Machinery & equipment $107M
Raw materials & minerals $72M
Wood & paper products $17.3M
Chemicals & pharma $14.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $7.43M
Metals $5.69M
Animal & marine products $2.2M
Raw agricultural goods $2.05M
Miscellaneous $429K
Oman
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $110M
Raw materials & minerals $26.5M
Metals $18.9M
Machinery & equipment $4.36M
Animal & marine products $2.72M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $788K
Textiles & consumer goods $303K
Miscellaneous $86K
Raw agricultural goods $11K
Wood & paper products $8K

Balance of trade

Indonesia Oman
Current account balance
-$8.72B
2024
$3.07B
2024
Current account balance ranking
174/190
2024
39/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.62%
2024
+2.86%
2024
Goods imports
$223B
2024
$39.5B
2024
Goods exports
$263B
2024
$65.2B
2024
Service imports
$57.6B
2024
$12.8B
2024
Service exports
$39B
2024
$5.64B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.4%
2024
48.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.2%
2024
66.1%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Indonesia Oman
Economic freedom 65.1 68.5
Economic freedom ranking 67/197 45/197
Property rights 39.7 71.8
Government integrity 42 49.4
Judicial effectiveness 43.1 28
Tax burden 81.5 97.6
Government spending 91.4 74.7
Fiscal health 89.8 97.5
Business freedom 69.2 67.8
Labor freedom 56.8 47.7
Monetary freedom 79.4 79.2
Trade freedom 78.6 78.4
Investment freedom 50 70
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Indonesia
Oman
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Indonesia Oman
2026 65.1 68.5
2025 65.2 65.4
2024 63.5 62.9
2023 63.5 58.5
2022 64.4 56.6
2021 66.9 64.6
2020 67.2 63.6
2019 65.8 61
2018 64.2 61
2017 61.9 62.1
2016 59.4 67.1
2015 58.1 66.7
2014 58.5 67.4
2013 56.9 68.1
2012 56.4 67.9
2011 56 69.8
2010 55.5 67.7
2009 53.4 67
2008 53.2 67.3
2007 53.2 65.8
2006 51.9 63.7
2005 52.9 66.5
2004 52.1 66.9
2003 55.8 64.6
2002 54.8 64
2001 52.5 67.7
2000 55.2 64.1
1999 61.5 64.9
1998 63.4 64.9
1997 62 64.5
1996 61 65.4
1995 54.9 70.2

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Indonesia is 65.1, ranking 67/197, compared to 68.5 for Oman, ranking 45/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Indonesia Oman
Services, % of GDP
43.8%
2024
46%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
39.3%
2024
54.2%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
12.6%
2024
2.6%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$1.39T
2024
$103B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$16,010
2024
$39,340
2024
Total reserves including gold
$156B
2024
$18.3B
2024
Total reserves ranking
20/177
2024
64/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$15.9B
2024
-$12.6B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$24.2B
2024
$12.5B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$8.39B
2024
-$143M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.65%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
9%
2024
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
31.4%
2024
24.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/oman | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.