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Economy of Indonesia vs Qatar compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Indonesia has a GDP of $1.45T compared to $216B for Qatar, ranking 17/197 and 56/197 by economy size, respectively.

Indonesia has $593B in government debt (41% of GDP), compared to $89.2B (41.4% of GDP) in Qatar.

Indonesia vs Qatar GDP by year

Indonesia
Qatar
1x
Year GDP, current $
Indonesia Qatar
2025 $1,445,642,584,164 $215,559,615,385
2024 $1,396,301,788,462 $216,294,505,495
2023 $1,371,166,925,750 $213,002,809,341
2022 $1,319,101,183,380 $235,709,325,714
2021 $1,186,509,691,087 $179,732,009,560
2020 $1,059,054,842,698 $144,411,363,352
2019 $1,119,099,871,350 $176,371,267,692
2018 $1,042,271,532,989 $183,334,953,819
2017 $1,015,618,744,160 $161,099,122,225
2016 $931,877,364,038 $151,732,181,868
2015 $860,854,232,686 $161,739,955,577
2014 $890,814,755,534 $206,224,598,571
2013 $912,524,136,718 $198,727,642,967
2012 $917,869,913,333 $186,833,502,363
2011 $892,969,104,563 $167,775,274,725
2010 $755,094,157,622 $125,122,252,747
2009 $539,580,085,612 $97,798,351,648
2008 $510,228,634,992 $115,269,780,220
2007 $432,216,737,775 $79,711,813,187
2006 $364,570,515,618 $60,882,142,857
2005 $285,868,619,196 $44,530,494,505
2004 $256,836,875,295 $31,734,065,934
2003 $234,772,463,824 $23,533,791,209
2002 $195,660,611,165 $19,363,736,264
2001 $160,446,947,785 $17,538,461,538
2000 $165,021,012,078 $17,759,890,110
1999 $140,001,351,215 $12,393,131,868
1998 $95,445,547,873 $10,255,494,505
1997 $215,748,998,610 $11,297,802,198
1996 $227,369,679,375 $9,059,340,659
1995 $202,132,028,723 $8,137,912,088
1994 $176,892,143,932 $7,374,450,549
1993 $158,006,700,302 $7,156,593,407
1992 $128,026,966,580 $7,646,153,846
1991 $116,621,996,217 $6,883,516,484
1990 $106,140,727,334 $7,360,439,560
1989 $94,451,427,877 $6,487,912,088
1988 $84,300,174,486 $6,038,186,813
1987 $75,929,617,558 $5,446,428,571
1986 $79,954,072,545 $5,053,021,978
1985 $85,289,488,375 $6,153,296,703
1984 $84,853,700,028 $6,870,329,670
1983 $81,052,283,384 $6,484,890,110
1982 $90,158,449,295 $7,611,263,736
1981 $85,518,233,419 $8,672,527,473
1980 $72,482,337,397 $7,837,915,956
1979 $51,400,186,343 $5,632,962,997
1978 $51,455,719,076 $4,052,000,413
1977 $45,808,915,663 $3,617,564,638
1976 $37,269,156,627 $3,284,273,987
1975 $30,463,855,422 $2,512,773,166
1974 $25,802,409,639 $2,401,403,227
1973 $16,273,253,012 $793,885,560
1972 $10,997,590,361 $510,262,500
1971 $9,333,536,370 $387,703,106
1970 $9,150,684,932 $301,791,302
1969 $8,337,423,313 -
1968 $7,076,465,300 -
1967 $5,667,756,628 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1967–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

GDP per capita in Indonesia vs Qatar by year

Indonesia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Qatar
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Indonesia Qatar
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $5,060 - $72,525 -
2024 $4,925 $16,448 $75,685 $126,046
2023 $4,876 $15,416 $80,196 $129,368
2022 $4,731 $14,285 $88,701 $122,921
2021 $4,287 $12,757 $71,752 $116,833
2020 $3,854 $11,729 $51,684 $82,149
2019 $4,107 $11,986 $66,841 $107,503
2018 $3,861 $11,372 $71,040 $110,033
2017 $3,799 $10,688 $63,280 $99,358
2016 $3,521 $10,263 $61,254 $89,935
2015 $3,288 $10,028 $68,985 $102,546
2014 $3,441 $10,065 $95,841 $148,389
2013 $3,567 $9,866 $103,697 $169,203
2012 $3,632 $9,530 $108,470 $180,939
2011 $3,579 $8,937 $103,262 $174,620
2010 $3,066 $8,353 $77,387 $151,646
2009 $2,218 $7,868 $60,786 $125,898
2008 $2,125 $7,569 $80,781 $126,015
2007 $1,823 $7,096 $65,954 $124,056
2006 $1,558 $6,583 $62,582 $127,181
2005 $1,238 $6,134 $53,950 $115,250
2004 $1,127 $5,700 $41,036 $110,958
2003 $1,043 $5,353 $31,602 $94,120
2002 $881 $5,076 $27,227 $93,177
2001 $732 $4,849 $25,871 $89,805
2000 $764 $4,639 $27,535 $88,849
1999 $657 $4,386 $20,234 $84,690
1998 $455 $4,356 $17,665 $84,486
1997 $1,045 $5,037 $20,523 $79,219
1996 $1,119 $4,807 $17,125 $62,331
1995 $1,011 $4,451 $15,823 $60,321
1994 $900 $4,096 $14,765 $59,415
1993 $817 $3,793 $14,770 $59,125
1992 $674 $3,538 $16,280 $60,387
1991 $624 $3,305 $15,133 $54,759
1990 $578 $3,044 $16,722 $55,659
1989 $524 - $15,243 -
1988 $477 - $14,682 -
1987 $438 - $13,719 -
1986 $470 - $13,213 -
1985 $511 - $16,815 -
1984 $520 - $19,749 -
1983 $508 - $19,669 -
1982 $578 - $24,431 -
1981 $561 - $29,543 -
1980 $487 - $28,407 -
1979 $353 - $21,777 -
1978 $362 - $16,757 -
1977 $331 - $16,058 -
1976 $275.7 - $15,710 -
1975 $231.1 - $13,014 -
1974 $200.7 - $13,540 -
1973 $129.9 - $4,905 -
1972 $90.1 - $3,483 -
1971 $78.5 - $2,952 -
1970 $79.1 - $2,594 -
1969 $74.1 - - -
1968 $64.7 - - -
1967 $53.2 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1967–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

Indonesia's GDP per capita is $5,060, ranking 123/197, compared to $72,525 in Qatar, ranking 13/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Indonesia ranks 107th at $16,448, while Qatar ranks 5th at $126,046.

Economic indicators

Indonesia Qatar
Gross domestic product
$1.45T
2025
$216B
2025
GDP rank
17/197
2025
56/197
2025
GDP growth
5.11%
2024-2025
2.9%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$5,060
2025
$72,525
2025
GDP per capita rank
123/197
2025
13/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$16,448
2024
$126,046
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
107/197
2024
5/197
2024
Government debt
$593B
2025
$89.2B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41%
2025
41.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,076
2025
$30,009
2025
Government debt per person rank
119/185
2025
24/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,470
2026
$37,042
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$950B
2025
$177B
2025
Number of millionaires
178,605
2024
30,000
2026
Number of billionaires
33
2026
2
2026
Income share by richest 10%
28.7%
2025
25.8%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2025
2.6%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
16.2%
2025
27.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.91%
2024-2025
0.6%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
5.5%
2026
4.1%
2025
Unemployment rate
3.31%
2023
0.1%
2024
Population
289027659
3058826

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Indonesia
Spending

Debt
Qatar
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Indonesia Qatar
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 16.2% 41% 27.1% 41.4%
2024 16.9% 40.2% 26% 41.3%
2023 16.6% 39.6% 26.7% 42.8%
2022 17.3% 40.1% 24.3% 42.6%
2021 18.1% 41.1% 29.4% 58.4%
2020 18.4% 39.7% 34.7% 72.6%
2019 16.4% 30.6% 32.5% 62.1%
2018 16.6% 30.4% 28.9% 52.2%
2017 16.4% 29.4% 34.7% 51.6%
2016 16.9% 28% 40.1% 46.7%
2015 17.6% 27% 38.6% 35.5%
2014 18.4% 24.6% 32.3% 24.9%
2013 18.8% 24.9% 28.3% 30.9%
2012 18.8% 23% 31% 32.1%
2011 17.7% 23.1% 28.5% 33.5%
2010 16.9% 26.4% 32% 30.4%
2009 17% 26.5% 36.4% 36%
2008 19.4% 30.3% 23.5% 11.4%
2007 18.7% 38.1% 29.5% 9.37%
2006 18.4% 35.8% 29.5% 13.9%
2005 17.4% 42.6% 29% 19.1%
2004 17.8% 51.3% 29.9% 30.1%
2003 18.2% 55.6% 28.5% 38.8%
2002 16.9% 62.3% 31.6% 47.7%
2001 19.5% 73.7% 32.1% 59.2%
2000 15.3% 87.4% 29.8% 51.6%
1999 15.1% 95.9% 42.4% 81.8%
1998 15.1% 72.5% 55.1% 76.6%
1997 15.2% 26.4% 47.6% 54.4%
1996 11.5% 27.5% 55.2% 57.8%
1995 11.9% 32% 52.2% 50.2%
1994 13.5% 37% 59.8% 54.8%
1993 14.1% 40.4% 62.8% 46.3%
1992 16.8% 42.6% 54.2% 19.9%
1991 15% 39.2% 57.5% 21.8%
1990 15.8% 40.8% 50% 12.6%
1989 16.5% 42.5% - -
1988 17.3% 45.6% - -
1987 18% 49.7% - -
1986 20.9% 38.3% - -
1985 18.5% 28% - -
1984 16.1% 23.5% - -
1983 18.2% 23.1% - -
1982 18.8% 18.6% - -
1981 24.4% 16.4% - -
1980 22.1% 17.3% - -
1979 20.9% 22% - -
1978 20.1% 30.3% - -
1977 19.5% 27.7% - -
1976 21.8% 38.1% - -
1975 20.5% 36.7% - -
1974 17.3% 34.4% - -
1973 16.3% 43.1% - -
1972 15.7% 51.2% - -
1971 14.5% 50.5% - -
1970 13.8% 46.7% - -
1969 12.8% - - -
1968 8.82% - - -
1967 10.4% - - -
1966 9.18% - - -
1965 10.7% - - -
1964 9.55% - - -
1963 10.3% - - -
1962 7.89% - - -
1961 15.1% - - -
1960 14.4% - - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

In 2025, Indonesia's government spending was $234B, accounting for 16.2% of its GDP, while Qatar spent $58.4B, or 27.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41% in Indonesia and 41.4% in Qatar, ranking 130/185 and 127/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Indonesia

Qatar
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Indonesia Qatar
2025 -2.92% -1%
2024 -2.28% 0.71%
2023 -1.64% 5.51%
2022 -2.31% 10.4%
2021 -4.4% 0.24%
2020 -6.07% -2.13%
2019 -2.09% 1%
2018 -1.69% 2.26%
2017 -2.26% -6.82%
2016 -2.56% -9.2%
2015 -2.72% 18.4%
2014 -1.8% 13.4%
2013 -1.96% 19.3%
2012 -1.59% 8.55%
2011 -0.7% 5.24%
2010 -1.24% 4.6%
2009 -1.64% 14.1%
2008 0.05% 9.49%
2007 -0.95% 10.3%
2006 0.45% 8.39%
2005 0.46% 9.8%
2004 -0.26% 17.7%
2003 -1.08% 6.71%
2002 -0.58% 7.89%
2001 -1.76% 4.48%
2000 -1.87% 4.62%
1999 -0.96% -4.35%
1998 -1.89% -7%
1997 -1.03% -9.4%
1996 0.96% -8.73%
1995 0.64% -5.78%
1994 0.005% -11.8%
1993 -0.59% -9.53%
1992 -1.54% -2.74%
1991 0.51% -2.57%
1990 0.97% 3.23%
1989 -1.72% -
1988 -2.68% -
1987 -0.9% -
1986 -2.94% -
1985 -0.45% -
1984 1.83% -
1983 -1% -
1982 -1.11% -
1981 -0.69% -
1980 -0.82% -
1979 -0.67% -
1978 -2.03% -
1977 -0.38% -
1976 -2.63% -
1975 -2.33% -
1974 -0.35% -
1973 -1.33% -
1972 -1.82% -
1971 -2.51% -
1970 -3.02% -
1969 -2.8% -
1968 0% -
1967 -0.35% -
1966 -5.06% -
1965 -6.62% -
1964 -5.58% -
1963 -5.24% -
1962 -3.1% -
1961 -4.57% -
1960 -1.65% -
1959 -4.06% -
1958 -6.67% -
1957 -2.92% -
1956 -1.38% -
1955 -1.6% -
1954 -3.16% -
1953 -2.33% -
1952 -3.66% -
1951 1.52% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

In 2025, Indonesia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $42.2B, equivalent to 2.92% of GDP. This compares to Qatar's deficit of $2.16B, or 1% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Indonesia recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Qatar ran a deficit in 13 years. On average, Indonesia posted an annual deficit equal to 1.34% of GDP, compared to surplus of 2.92% of GDP for Qatar.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Indonesia

Qatar
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Indonesia Qatar
2025 1.91% 0.6%
2024 2.18% 1.2%
2023 3.67% 3.1%
2022 4.21% 5%
2021 1.56% 2.3%
2020 1.92% -2.5%
2019 3.03% -0.9%
2018 3.2% 0.1%
2017 3.81% 0.6%
2016 3.53% 2.7%
2015 6.36% 0.9%
2014 6.39% 4.2%
2013 6.41% 3.1%
2012 4.28% 1.8%
2011 5.36% 2%
2010 5.13% -2.4%
2009 4.39% -4.9%
2008 10.2% 15.1%
2007 6.41% 13.7%
2006 13.1% 11.7%
2005 10.5% 9%
2004 6.06% 6.8%
2003 6.76% 2.3%
2002 11.9% 0.2%
2001 11.5% 1.7%
2000 3.69% 1.6%
1999 20.5% 2.2%
1998 58.5% 2.9%
1997 6.23% 2.7%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Indonesia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 8.02%, compared with 2.99% in Qatar. In 2025, inflation was 1.91% in Indonesia and 0.6% in Qatar.

Top exports between countries

Indonesia
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $559M
Raw materials & minerals $83.3M
Metals $29.3M
Wood & paper products $18.3M
Chemicals & pharma $17.7M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $11.6M
Textiles & consumer goods $9.92M
Raw agricultural goods $1.47M
Animal & marine products $684K
Miscellaneous $203K
Qatar
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $460M
Metals $62.8M
Machinery & equipment $49.4M
Chemicals & pharma $35M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.9M
Miscellaneous $200K
Wood & paper products $113K
Precious metals & jewellery $111K
Raw agricultural goods $79K

Balance of trade

Indonesia Qatar
Current account balance
-$1.52B
2025
$31.9B
2025
Current account balance ranking
129/190
2025
17/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.11%
2025
+14.8%
2025
Goods imports
$231B
2025
$34.3B
2025
Goods exports
$280B
2025
$90B
2025
Service imports
$63B
2025
$31.3B
2025
Service exports
$42.5B
2025
$24.4B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.5%
2025
31.6%
2022
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.8%
2025
68.6%
2022

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Indonesia Qatar
Economic freedom 65.1 70.2
Economic freedom ranking 67/197 37/197
Property rights 39.7 66.2
Government integrity 42 53.5
Judicial effectiveness 43.1 41.5
Tax burden 81.5 99.9
Government spending 91.4 79.9
Fiscal health 89.8 96.6
Business freedom 69.2 68
Labor freedom 56.8 58.5
Monetary freedom 79.4 76
Trade freedom 78.6 81.8
Investment freedom 50 60
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Indonesia
Qatar
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Indonesia Qatar
2026 65.1 70.2
2025 65.2 70.2
2024 63.5 68.8
2023 63.5 68.6
2022 64.4 67.7
2021 66.9 72
2020 67.2 72.3
2019 65.8 72.6
2018 64.2 72.6
2017 61.9 73.1
2016 59.4 70.7
2015 58.1 70.8
2014 58.5 71.2
2013 56.9 71.3
2012 56.4 71.3
2011 56 70.5
2010 55.5 69
2009 53.4 65.8
2008 53.2 62.2
2007 53.2 62.9
2006 51.9 62.4
2005 52.9 63.5
2004 52.1 66.5
2003 55.8 65.9
2002 54.8 61.9
2001 52.5 60
2000 55.2 62
1999 61.5 62
1998 63.4 -
1997 62 -
1996 61 -
1995 54.9 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Indonesia is 65.1, ranking 67/197, compared to 70.2 for Qatar, ranking 37/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Indonesia Qatar
Services, % of GDP
43.9%
2025
47%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
38.7%
2025
57%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
13.1%
2025
0.31%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$1.46T
2025
$221B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$17,190
2025
$126,290
2025
Total reserves including gold
$157B
2025
$55.8B
2025
Total reserves ranking
22/177
2025
45/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$14.4B
2025
$311M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$24.3B
2024
$460M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$8.39B
2024
$1.56B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.64%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
9%
2024
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
30.6%
2025
30.6%
2022

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/indonesia/qatar | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1967–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1951–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.