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Fertility & birth rates in India and Niger

Updated on by Georank team

India has an annual birth rate of 16.1 births per 1,000 people, compared to 41.9 for Niger. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.98 in India and 6.06 in Niger — 206.9% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.6% in India and by -19.5% in Niger — in 1960, it was 5.92 and 7.53, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • India is ranked 93/196 by birth rate compared to 4/196 for Niger.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 21.2 years in India, compared to 18.5 years in Niger.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.7 in India — it's 29.1 in Niger.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 14.1 in India vs 145.3 in Niger.
  • In India, 26.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.9% in Niger.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.95% in India and +3.3% in Niger.

Birth rate data compared

India Niger
Fertility rate 1.98 6.06
Birth rate 16.1 41.9
Birth rate rank 93/196 4/196
Age at first childbirth 21.2 years 18.5 years
Average age at childbearing 27.7 years 29.1 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 12 137.3
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 131.1 257.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.9 93.2
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.3% 21.9%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 56.4% 13.9%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 89.4% 43.7%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.08% 0.35%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 1.73% 3.38%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 2.45% 6.74%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 2.77% 11.5%
Population change due to births and deaths +13,711,993 +864,139
Natural population change rank 1/196 21/196
Natural population change rate +0.95% +3.3%
Population growth +0.89% +3.34%
Population growth rank 109/197 11/197
Life expectancy 72.5 years 61.7 years

Fertility rate in India vs Niger chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.06 in Niger in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Niger population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

India
Factual

UN forecast
Niger
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
India Niger
1960 5.92 7.53
1961 5.94 7.51
1962 5.95 7.5
1963 5.97 7.49
1964 5.98 7.48
1965 5.94 7.47
1966 5.88 7.48
1967 5.83 7.49
1968 5.76 7.5
1969 5.68 7.51
1970 5.62 7.51
1971 5.57 7.52
1972 5.48 7.52
1973 5.4 7.53
1974 5.33 7.54
1975 5.2 7.54
1976 5.13 7.56
1977 5.01 7.6
1978 4.89 7.66
1979 4.81 7.72
1980 4.78 7.78
1981 4.7 7.82
1982 4.62 7.86
1983 4.57 7.9
1984 4.52 7.92
1985 4.43 7.93
1986 4.4 7.9
1987 4.31 7.87
1988 4.22 7.84
1989 4.13 7.82
1990 4.05 7.81
1991 3.96 7.8
1992 3.88 7.8
1993 3.8 7.79
1994 3.72 7.79
1995 3.65 7.78
1996 3.58 7.78
1997 3.51 7.8
1998 3.45 7.84
1999 3.38 7.84
2000 3.35 7.83
2001 3.3 7.81
2002 3.22 7.8
2003 3.12 7.79
2004 3.05 7.78
2005 2.96 7.77
2006 2.87 7.74
2007 2.78 7.73
2008 2.71 7.7
2009 2.67 7.68
2010 2.6 7.64
2011 2.53 7.59
2012 2.47 7.53
2013 2.4 7.45
2014 2.29 7.34
2015 2.29 7.22
2016 2.28 7.04
2017 2.19 6.87
2018 2.18 6.71
2019 2.12 6.54
2020 2.05 6.37
2021 2.01 6.2
2022 1.99 6.14
2023 1.98 6.06
2024 1.96 5.93
2025 1.94 5.79
2026 1.93 5.64
2027 1.91 5.49
2028 1.9 5.35
2029 1.89 5.22
2030 1.88 5.08
2031 1.87 4.93
2032 1.86 4.8
2033 1.85 4.69
2034 1.84 4.55
2035 1.84 4.44
2036 1.83 4.32
2037 1.82 4.21
2038 1.81 4.1
2039 1.81 4
2040 1.8 3.91
2041 1.8 3.82
2042 1.79 3.74
2043 1.79 3.66
2044 1.78 3.59
2045 1.78 3.53
2046 1.78 3.46
2047 1.77 3.39
2048 1.77 3.34
2049 1.77 3.28
2050 1.76 3.22

Children 0-14 years as share of population

India
Factual

UN forecast
Niger
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
India Niger
1960 40.6% 49%
1961 40.9% 48.9%
1962 41.2% 48.8%
1963 41.5% 48.8%
1964 41.6% 48.8%
1965 41.7% 48.7%
1966 41.7% 48.6%
1967 41.6% 48.5%
1968 41.5% 48.4%
1969 41.5% 48.3%
1970 41.4% 48.1%
1971 41.2% 48%
1972 41.1% 47.9%
1973 41% 47.7%
1974 40.8% 47.6%
1975 40.7% 47.4%
1976 40.5% 47.3%
1977 40.3% 47.1%
1978 40.1% 47%
1979 40% 47%
1980 39.8% 47%
1981 39.7% 47%
1982 39.6% 47%
1983 39.5% 47%
1984 39.4% 47%
1985 39.3% 47%
1986 39.2% 47%
1987 39.1% 47%
1988 38.9% 47%
1989 38.8% 46.9%
1990 38.6% 46.8%
1991 38.4% 46.8%
1992 38.1% 46.7%
1993 37.9% 46.7%
1994 37.6% 46.7%
1995 37.3% 46.7%
1996 37% 46.7%
1997 36.7% 46.8%
1998 36.3% 46.9%
1999 35.9% 47.1%
2000 35.6% 47.3%
2001 35.2% 47.5%
2002 34.8% 47.8%
2003 34.4% 48%
2004 34% 48.2%
2005 33.6% 48.5%
2006 33.1% 48.7%
2007 32.7% 48.9%
2008 32.2% 49.1%
2009 31.8% 49.3%
2010 31.3% 49.4%
2011 30.9% 49.5%
2012 30.4% 49.5%
2013 29.9% 49.4%
2014 29.4% 49.3%
2015 28.9% 49.2%
2016 28.4% 49%
2017 27.8% 48.8%
2018 27.3% 48.6%
2019 26.8% 48.3%
2020 26.3% 48%
2021 25.9% 47.7%
2022 25.5% 47.3%
2023 25.1% 47%
2024 24.6% 46.6%
2025 24.2% 46.2%
2026 23.8% 45.8%
2027 23.4% 45.5%
2028 23% 45%
2029 22.7% 44.6%
2030 22.4% 44.2%
2031 22.1% 43.8%
2032 21.8% 43.4%
2033 21.5% 43%
2034 21.3% 42.6%
2035 21% 42.2%
2036 20.8% 41.8%
2037 20.6% 41.3%
2038 20.4% 40.9%
2039 20.2% 40.4%
2040 19.9% 39.9%
2041 19.7% 39.4%
2042 19.5% 38.9%
2043 19.3% 38.4%
2044 19.1% 37.9%
2045 18.8% 37.4%
2046 18.6% 36.9%
2047 18.4% 36.4%
2048 18.2% 35.9%
2049 18% 35.5%
2050 17.8% 35%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 46.6% in Niger in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 46.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Niger compared.

Natural population change in India vs Niger by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and +3.43% in Niger. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

India
Niger

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
India Niger
1960 10,237,489 105,081
1961 10,468,816 107,693
1962 10,743,409 110,280
1963 11,016,705 113,072
1964 11,285,378 115,386
1965 10,925,714 116,963
1966 11,089,894 119,314
1967 11,279,897 121,358
1968 12,006,807 123,301
1969 12,167,671 125,389
1970 12,417,866 128,184
1971 12,787,104 128,223
1972 13,041,792 133,813
1973 13,412,707 137,695
1974 13,795,836 142,606
1975 13,958,642 147,962
1976 14,435,504 154,489
1977 14,575,662 161,792
1978 14,898,145 171,614
1979 15,392,957 180,632
1980 16,018,786 189,251
1981 16,422,159 195,938
1982 16,790,507 202,012
1983 17,219,127 207,962
1984 17,698,810 213,111
1985 17,968,697 219,206
1986 18,455,495 224,365
1987 18,496,213 231,371
1988 18,702,916 237,296
1989 18,848,915 245,278
1990 18,893,588 256,594
1991 19,049,524 266,527
1992 19,132,757 278,690
1993 19,152,399 292,135
1994 19,310,798 306,026
1995 19,396,161 323,630
1996 19,442,699 341,223
1997 19,494,098 358,745
1998 19,569,575 377,120
1999 19,648,424 394,212
2000 19,984,160 410,779
2001 20,182,573 428,417
2002 20,024,621 446,767
2003 19,720,507 467,295
2004 19,469,758 488,328
2005 19,034,839 511,167
2006 18,641,737 533,374
2007 18,331,648 556,808
2008 18,234,926 579,727
2009 18,286,055 602,671
2010 17,991,935 624,685
2011 17,793,362 645,175
2012 17,552,365 664,009
2013 17,107,541 686,070
2014 16,165,943 704,609
2015 16,211,195 721,630
2016 16,202,593 738,999
2017 15,394,041 752,384
2018 15,451,168 763,536
2019 14,859,846 775,474
2020 13,366,946 784,437
2021 10,227,523 793,428
2022 13,912,130 829,651
2023 13,711,993 864,139

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Niger

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 350 deaths in Niger.

India
Niger
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
India Niger
1985 658 1,137
1986 624 1,107
1987 592 1,074
1988 562 1,040
1989 538 1,010
1990 516 983
1991 498 957
1992 482 926
1993 467 903
1994 451 883
1995 437 865
1996 422 854
1997 407 841
1998 393 839
1999 378 841
2000 362 845
2001 349 843
2002 330 835
2003 313 813
2004 296 790
2005 277 764
2006 258 737
2007 240 704
2008 223 669
2009 205 647
2010 188 621
2011 173 585
2012 160 554
2013 148 526
2014 137 497
2015 129 473
2016 121 450
2017 113 433
2018 107 420
2019 101 406
2020 101 388
2021 155 396
2022 90 361
2023 80 350

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 11.5% in Niger. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

India
Niger

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
India Niger
1960 24.1% -
1961 23.8% -
1962 23.5% -
1963 23.2% -
1964 22.9% -
1965 22.7% -
1966 22.4% -
1967 22.2% 31.9%
1968 22% 32.3%
1969 21.7% 32.7%
1970 21.5% 33.2%
1971 21.2% 33.6%
1972 20.8% 34%
1973 20.5% 34.2%
1974 20.1% 34.3%
1975 19.6% 34.2%
1976 19.1% 33.9%
1977 18.6% 33.5%
1978 18% 33%
1979 17.5% 32.6%
1980 16.9% 32.3%
1981 16.4% 32.3%
1982 15.9% 32.5%
1983 15.5% 32.9%
1984 15% 33.3%
1985 14.6% 33.7%
1986 14.2% 34%
1987 13.8% 34.1%
1988 13.4% 34%
1989 13% 33.7%
1990 12.7% 33.2%
1991 12.3% 32.5%
1992 12% 31.7%
1993 11.6% 30.6%
1994 11.3% 29.4%
1995 11% 28.1%
1996 10.6% 26.9%
1997 10.3% 25.7%
1998 9.89% 24.7%
1999 9.53% 23.7%
2000 9.16% 22.8%
2001 8.8% 21.8%
2002 8.45% 20.6%
2003 8.11% 19.4%
2004 7.77% 18.3%
2005 7.44% 17.2%
2006 7.11% 16.2%
2007 6.79% 15.4%
2008 6.46% 14.7%
2009 6.14% 14.1%
2010 5.82% 13.7%
2011 5.5% 13.3%
2012 5.2% 13.1%
2013 4.91% 12.9%
2014 4.63% 12.7%
2015 4.36% 12.6%
2016 4.11% 12.5%
2017 3.87% 12.4%
2018 3.64% 12.3%
2019 3.43% 12.2%
2020 3.24% 12.1%
2021 3.06% 11.9%
2022 2.91% 11.7%
2023 2.77% 11.5%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs India vs Niger
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