Fertility & birth rates in Cambodia and Thailand

Fertility rate in Cambodia vs Thailand chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cambodia was 2.58 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.21 in Thailand in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cambodia vs Thailand population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cambodia	Thailand
1960	6.31	6.33
1961	6.3	6.32
1962	6.3	6.33
1963	6.29	6.34
1964	6.29	6.31
1965	6.27	6.26
1966	6.24	6.18
1967	6.2	6.08
1968	6.17	5.93
1969	6.12	5.7
1970	6.07	5.45
1971	6.01	5.25
1972	5.94	5.08
1973	5.56	4.85
1974	4.8	4.6
1975	4.1	4.36
1976	3.41	4.12
1977	2.72	3.87
1978	3.34	3.62
1979	4.56	3.45
1980	5.77	3.29
1981	6.04	3.13
1982	6.19	2.94
1983	6.3	2.76
1984	6.34	2.58
1985	6.31	2.45
1986	6.23	2.36
1987	6.1	2.26
1988	5.94	2.17
1989	5.68	2.14
1990	5.64	2.07
1991	5.59	2.04
1992	5.49	2.01
1993	5.43	1.97
1994	5.28	1.93
1995	5.08	1.89
1996	4.87	1.87
1997	4.39	1.85
1998	4.13	1.82
1999	3.93	1.77
2000	3.79	1.73
2001	3.69	1.71
2002	3.57	1.69
2003	3.43	1.67
2004	3.31	1.67
2005	3.24	1.64
2006	3.18	1.63
2007	3.13	1.62
2008	3.05	1.59
2009	2.97	1.57
2010	2.86	1.56
2011	2.78	1.57
2012	2.75	1.56
2013	2.74	1.53
2014	2.73	1.48
2015	2.73	1.45
2016	2.73	1.4
2017	2.72	1.36
2018	2.72	1.32
2019	2.73	1.29
2020	2.7	1.26
2021	2.66	1.23
2022	2.62	1.22
2023	2.58	1.21
2024	2.55	1.2
2025	2.51	1.19
2026	2.49	1.19
2027	2.46	1.19
2028	2.43	1.19
2029	2.41	1.19
2030	2.38	1.2
2031	2.36	1.2
2032	2.33	1.21
2033	2.31	1.21
2034	2.29	1.22
2035	2.26	1.22
2036	2.24	1.23
2037	2.22	1.23
2038	2.2	1.24
2039	2.18	1.24
2040	2.17	1.25
2041	2.15	1.25
2042	2.14	1.26
2043	2.12	1.26
2044	2.11	1.26
2045	2.09	1.27
2046	2.08	1.27
2047	2.07	1.28
2048	2.06	1.28
2049	2.05	1.28
2050	2.03	1.29

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cambodia	Thailand
1960	43.7%	44.3%
1961	43.8%	44.6%
1962	43.9%	44.8%
1963	44%	45.1%
1964	44.1%	45.3%
1965	44.1%	45.4%
1966	44.1%	45.4%
1967	44%	45.3%
1968	44%	45.2%
1969	43.9%	45%
1970	44.4%	44.8%
1971	45%	44.4%
1972	45.2%	44%
1973	45.2%	43.5%
1974	44.9%	43%
1975	44.8%	42.4%
1976	44.7%	41.8%
1977	44.2%	41.1%
1978	43.8%	40.3%
1979	43%	39.5%
1980	42.5%	38.7%
1981	42.7%	37.8%
1982	42.6%	37%
1983	42.5%	36%
1984	42.4%	35.1%
1985	42.5%	34.1%
1986	42.5%	33.2%
1987	42.5%	32.4%
1988	42.8%	31.5%
1989	43.2%	30.7%
1990	43.7%	30%
1991	44.5%	29.2%
1992	45%	28.5%
1993	45.3%	28%
1994	46%	27.4%
1995	46.4%	26.9%
1996	46.2%	26.4%
1997	45.4%	25.9%
1998	44.5%	25.4%
1999	43.6%	24.9%
2000	42.5%	24.4%
2001	41.5%	23.9%
2002	40.5%	23.4%
2003	39.5%	23%
2004	38.5%	22.6%
2005	37.6%	22.2%
2006	36.6%	21.7%
2007	35.6%	21.3%
2008	34.7%	20.9%
2009	33.9%	20.6%
2010	33.3%	20.1%
2011	32.8%	19.7%
2012	32.4%	19.2%
2013	32.2%	18.8%
2014	32%	18.5%
2015	31.9%	18.1%
2016	31.8%	17.7%
2017	31.7%	17.3%
2018	31.5%	16.9%
2019	31.3%	16.6%
2020	31.1%	16.2%
2021	30.8%	15.8%
2022	30.5%	15.4%
2023	30.1%	15.1%
2024	29.8%	14.7%
2025	29.5%	14.4%
2026	29.2%	14.1%
2027	28.9%	13.7%
2028	28.6%	13.4%
2029	28.3%	13.1%
2030	28%	12.9%
2031	27.6%	12.7%
2032	27.2%	12.5%
2033	26.9%	12.3%
2034	26.5%	12.2%
2035	26.1%	12.1%
2036	25.7%	12%
2037	25.4%	11.9%
2038	25.1%	11.9%
2039	24.8%	11.8%
2040	24.6%	11.8%
2041	24.3%	11.8%
2042	24.1%	11.8%
2043	23.9%	11.7%
2044	23.7%	11.7%
2045	23.6%	11.7%
2046	23.4%	11.7%
2047	23.2%	11.6%
2048	23%	11.6%
2049	22.9%	11.6%
2050	22.7%	11.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 29.8% of the population in Cambodia and 14.7% in Thailand in 2024, compared to 43.7% and 30% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cambodia and Thailand compared.

Natural population change in Cambodia vs Thailand by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.67% in Cambodia and +0.18% in Thailand. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cambodia	Thailand
1960	124,237	774,190
1961	128,259	801,140
1962	132,861	828,741
1963	137,562	860,728
1964	141,216	885,137
1965	144,460	909,000
1966	147,583	929,469
1967	150,046	944,980
1968	153,444	953,806
1969	156,777	948,314
1970	122,832	937,116
1971	113,813	936,215
1972	113,190	940,420
1973	101,304	933,540
1974	73,001	923,151
1975	-383,806	911,980
1976	-408,505	894,072
1977	-416,117	871,232
1978	-357,478	847,799
1979	78,143	843,434
1980	159,157	845,575
1981	166,578	839,297
1982	180,300	817,951
1983	192,849	794,239
1984	207,700	779,856
1985	214,101	776,935
1986	221,684	783,430
1987	235,064	774,498
1988	243,203	765,252
1989	239,211	774,563
1990	249,776	760,808
1991	257,709	760,508
1992	260,673	754,999
1993	282,221	737,696
1994	286,728	712,589
1995	280,168	682,703
1996	274,147	661,397
1997	252,351	644,834
1998	251,076	617,318
1999	245,425	578,073
2000	246,330	543,884
2001	250,726	524,230
2002	251,860	504,299
2003	251,884	488,003
2004	251,650	466,542
2005	256,756	456,378
2006	263,697	441,211
2007	270,745	425,362
2008	272,132	401,730
2009	274,700	382,636
2010	272,266	370,466
2011	272,161	365,670
2012	276,649	351,485
2013	281,013	325,059
2014	283,193	294,628
2015	284,390	266,362
2016	284,130	226,255
2017	282,698	194,695
2018	280,671	159,383
2019	276,870	116,867
2020	268,745	84,107
2021	255,939	57,382
2022	257,269	-61,046
2023	250,242	-46,105

Maternal mortality chart: Cambodia vs Thailand

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 137 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cambodia, compared to 34 deaths in Thailand.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cambodia	Thailand
1985	874	88
1986	824	78
1987	772	72
1988	742	67
1989	702	64
1990	681	60
1991	681	59
1992	667	58
1993	680	57
1994	665	54
1995	642	52
1996	622	49
1997	580	48
1998	557	47
1999	517	48
2000	476	49
2001	437	47
2002	399	44
2003	366	42
2004	344	44
2005	323	40
2006	303	38
2007	290	38
2008	272	37
2009	251	37
2010	234	37
2011	214	37
2012	197	36
2013	182	35
2014	172	34
2015	166	34
2016	159	34
2017	155	34
2018	151	34
2019	149	34
2020	164	36
2021	189	38
2022	159	112
2023	137	34

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.29% in Cambodia and 0.92% in Thailand. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cambodia	Thailand
1960	-	14.7%
1961	-	14.2%
1962	-	13.7%
1963	-	13.2%
1964	-	12.8%
1965	-	12.3%
1966	-	11.8%
1967	-	11.4%
1968	-	10.9%
1969	-	10.4%
1970	-	9.95%
1971	-	9.47%
1972	-	9.01%
1973	-	8.56%
1974	-	8.14%
1975	52.5%	7.73%
1976	54.1%	7.35%
1977	52.5%	7%
1978	48.5%	6.67%
1979	20.7%	6.36%
1980	18.1%	6.07%
1981	15.9%	5.79%
1982	14.1%	5.53%
1983	13%	5.28%
1984	12.4%	5.03%
1985	12%	4.8%
1986	11.8%	4.57%
1987	11.7%	4.34%
1988	11.6%	4.12%
1989	11.6%	3.91%
1990	11.6%	3.69%
1991	11.6%	3.49%
1992	11.7%	3.3%
1993	11.7%	3.12%
1994	11.9%	2.96%
1995	12%	2.81%
1996	12%	2.67%
1997	11.9%	2.53%
1998	11.7%	2.41%
1999	11.3%	2.29%
2000	10.6%	2.18%
2001	9.65%	2.08%
2002	8.67%	1.98%
2003	7.8%	1.89%
2004	7.08%	1.81%
2005	6.48%	1.73%
2006	5.98%	1.66%
2007	5.54%	1.59%
2008	5.13%	1.53%
2009	4.74%	1.47%
2010	4.37%	1.42%
2011	4.05%	1.37%
2012	3.77%	1.32%
2013	3.53%	1.27%
2014	3.33%	1.23%
2015	3.16%	1.19%
2016	3.02%	1.15%
2017	2.89%	1.11%
2018	2.77%	1.08%
2019	2.67%	1.04%
2020	2.56%	1.01%
2021	2.47%	0.98%
2022	2.38%	0.95%
2023	2.29%	0.92%