Fertility & birth rates in Nepal and Thailand

Fertility rate in Nepal vs Thailand chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Nepal was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.21 in Thailand in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Nepal vs Thailand population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Nepal	Thailand
1960	6.07	6.33
1961	6.09	6.32
1962	6.08	6.33
1963	6.06	6.34
1964	6.04	6.31
1965	6.01	6.26
1966	5.98	6.18
1967	5.95	6.08
1968	5.94	5.93
1969	5.89	5.7
1970	5.87	5.45
1971	5.85	5.25
1972	5.8	5.08
1973	5.7	4.85
1974	5.75	4.6
1975	5.73	4.36
1976	5.72	4.12
1977	5.69	3.87
1978	5.68	3.62
1979	5.64	3.45
1980	5.6	3.29
1981	5.58	3.13
1982	5.55	2.94
1983	5.54	2.76
1984	5.51	2.58
1985	5.46	2.45
1986	5.4	2.36
1987	5.35	2.26
1988	5.31	2.17
1989	5.26	2.14
1990	5.21	2.07
1991	5.15	2.04
1992	5.07	2.01
1993	5.04	1.97
1994	4.96	1.93
1995	4.87	1.89
1996	4.67	1.87
1997	4.44	1.85
1998	4.28	1.82
1999	4.13	1.77
2000	3.98	1.73
2001	3.79	1.71
2002	3.6	1.69
2003	3.44	1.67
2004	3.28	1.67
2005	3.12	1.64
2006	2.97	1.63
2007	2.86	1.62
2008	2.74	1.59
2009	2.63	1.57
2010	2.54	1.56
2011	2.46	1.57
2012	2.42	1.56
2013	2.36	1.53
2014	2.32	1.48
2015	2.27	1.45
2016	2.23	1.4
2017	2.17	1.36
2018	2.12	1.32
2019	2.08	1.29
2020	2.05	1.26
2021	2.03	1.23
2022	2	1.22
2023	1.98	1.21
2024	1.96	1.2
2025	1.94	1.19
2026	1.92	1.19
2027	1.9	1.19
2028	1.89	1.19
2029	1.88	1.19
2030	1.86	1.2
2031	1.85	1.2
2032	1.84	1.21
2033	1.83	1.21
2034	1.82	1.22
2035	1.81	1.22
2036	1.8	1.23
2037	1.79	1.23
2038	1.79	1.24
2039	1.78	1.24
2040	1.78	1.25
2041	1.77	1.25
2042	1.77	1.26
2043	1.76	1.26
2044	1.76	1.26
2045	1.75	1.27
2046	1.75	1.27
2047	1.74	1.28
2048	1.74	1.28
2049	1.74	1.28
2050	1.73	1.29

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Nepal	Thailand
1960	40.7%	44.3%
1961	40.7%	44.6%
1962	40.6%	44.8%
1963	40.5%	45.1%
1964	40.4%	45.3%
1965	40.4%	45.4%
1966	40.4%	45.4%
1967	40.3%	45.3%
1968	40.3%	45.2%
1969	40.3%	45%
1970	40.3%	44.8%
1971	40.4%	44.4%
1972	40.4%	44%
1973	40.5%	43.5%
1974	40.5%	43%
1975	40.6%	42.4%
1976	40.7%	41.8%
1977	40.7%	41.1%
1978	40.8%	40.3%
1979	40.8%	39.5%
1980	40.9%	38.7%
1981	40.9%	37.8%
1982	40.9%	37%
1983	41%	36%
1984	41%	35.1%
1985	41.1%	34.1%
1986	41.2%	33.2%
1987	41.3%	32.4%
1988	41.4%	31.5%
1989	41.5%	30.7%
1990	41.5%	30%
1991	41.5%	29.2%
1992	41.4%	28.5%
1993	41.3%	28%
1994	41.4%	27.4%
1995	41.4%	26.9%
1996	41.5%	26.4%
1997	41.4%	25.9%
1998	41.3%	25.4%
1999	41.1%	24.9%
2000	40.9%	24.4%
2001	40.7%	23.9%
2002	40.4%	23.4%
2003	40%	23%
2004	39.6%	22.6%
2005	39.2%	22.2%
2006	38.7%	21.7%
2007	38.1%	21.3%
2008	37.5%	20.9%
2009	36.7%	20.6%
2010	36%	20.1%
2011	35.3%	19.7%
2012	34.7%	19.2%
2013	34.2%	18.8%
2014	33.6%	18.5%
2015	33%	18.1%
2016	32.5%	17.7%
2017	32.1%	17.3%
2018	31.6%	16.9%
2019	30.9%	16.6%
2020	30.1%	16.2%
2021	29.4%	15.8%
2022	28.9%	15.4%
2023	28.7%	15.1%
2024	28.4%	14.7%
2025	28.1%	14.4%
2026	27.7%	14.1%
2027	27.3%	13.7%
2028	26.8%	13.4%
2029	26.4%	13.1%
2030	26%	12.9%
2031	25.6%	12.7%
2032	25.2%	12.5%
2033	24.8%	12.3%
2034	24.5%	12.2%
2035	24.1%	12.1%
2036	23.8%	12%
2037	23.4%	11.9%
2038	23%	11.9%
2039	22.7%	11.8%
2040	22.4%	11.8%
2041	22.1%	11.8%
2042	21.7%	11.8%
2043	21.4%	11.7%
2044	21.1%	11.7%
2045	20.8%	11.7%
2046	20.5%	11.7%
2047	20.3%	11.6%
2048	20%	11.6%
2049	19.7%	11.6%
2050	19.5%	11.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 28.4% of the population in Nepal and 14.7% in Thailand in 2024, compared to 41.5% and 30% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Nepal and Thailand compared.

Natural population change in Nepal vs Thailand by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.37% in Nepal and +0.18% in Thailand. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Nepal	Thailand
1960	203,374	774,190
1961	209,917	801,140
1962	215,368	828,741
1963	219,586	860,728
1964	227,948	885,137
1965	233,726	909,000
1966	241,716	929,469
1967	249,240	944,980
1968	258,259	953,806
1969	264,560	948,314
1970	272,439	937,116
1971	280,752	936,215
1972	286,708	940,420
1973	288,750	933,540
1974	303,078	923,151
1975	312,479	911,980
1976	323,222	894,072
1977	332,843	871,232
1978	345,765	847,799
1979	355,597	843,434
1980	364,254	845,575
1981	374,145	839,297
1982	385,741	817,951
1983	399,103	794,239
1984	411,122	779,856
1985	423,240	776,935
1986	434,802	783,430
1987	449,400	774,498
1988	463,581	765,252
1989	478,771	774,563
1990	495,202	760,808
1991	512,233	760,508
1992	533,029	754,999
1993	561,549	737,696
1994	578,293	712,589
1995	591,283	682,703
1996	580,099	661,397
1997	565,882	644,834
1998	562,787	617,318
1999	557,847	578,073
2000	554,506	543,884
2001	542,118	524,230
2002	525,045	504,299
2003	516,575	488,003
2004	504,853	466,542
2005	489,093	456,378
2006	475,335	441,211
2007	464,780	425,362
2008	452,353	401,730
2009	441,290	382,636
2010	432,631	370,466
2011	429,957	365,670
2012	430,151	351,485
2013	424,804	325,059
2014	423,166	294,628
2015	410,565	266,362
2016	415,921	226,255
2017	406,219	194,695
2018	394,576	159,383
2019	387,113	116,867
2020	373,553	84,107
2021	351,165	57,382
2022	379,021	-61,046
2023	368,450	-46,105

Maternal mortality chart: Nepal vs Thailand

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 142 deaths per 100,000 live births in Nepal, compared to 34 deaths in Thailand.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Nepal	Thailand
1985	1,186	88
1986	1,143	78
1987	1,088	72
1988	1,038	67
1989	973	64
1990	920	60
1991	850	59
1992	768	58
1993	703	57
1994	657	54
1995	625	52
1996	584	49
1997	550	48
1998	522	47
1999	512	48
2000	480	49
2001	443	47
2002	414	44
2003	387	42
2004	364	44
2005	344	40
2006	318	38
2007	309	38
2008	302	37
2009	299	37
2010	297	37
2011	286	37
2012	272	36
2013	258	35
2014	245	34
2015	236	34
2016	214	34
2017	197	34
2018	183	34
2019	170	34
2020	153	36
2021	173	38
2022	139	112
2023	142	34

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.65% in Nepal and 0.92% in Thailand. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Nepal	Thailand
1960	32.8%	14.7%
1961	32.4%	14.2%
1962	31.9%	13.7%
1963	31.3%	13.2%
1964	30.7%	12.8%
1965	30%	12.3%
1966	29.4%	11.8%
1967	28.7%	11.4%
1968	28%	10.9%
1969	27.3%	10.4%
1970	26.7%	9.95%
1971	26.2%	9.47%
1972	25.6%	9.01%
1973	25%	8.56%
1974	24.5%	8.14%
1975	23.9%	7.73%
1976	23.3%	7.35%
1977	22.7%	7%
1978	22.1%	6.67%
1979	21.5%	6.36%
1980	20.8%	6.07%
1981	20.2%	5.79%
1982	19.5%	5.53%
1983	18.8%	5.28%
1984	18.2%	5.03%
1985	17.5%	4.8%
1986	16.8%	4.57%
1987	16.1%	4.34%
1988	15.3%	4.12%
1989	14.6%	3.91%
1990	13.9%	3.69%
1991	13.2%	3.49%
1992	12.5%	3.3%
1993	11.8%	3.12%
1994	11.2%	2.96%
1995	10.6%	2.81%
1996	10%	2.67%
1997	9.44%	2.53%
1998	8.91%	2.41%
1999	8.4%	2.29%
2000	7.92%	2.18%
2001	7.48%	2.08%
2002	7.06%	1.98%
2003	6.69%	1.89%
2004	6.35%	1.81%
2005	6.04%	1.73%
2006	5.76%	1.66%
2007	5.51%	1.59%
2008	5.27%	1.53%
2009	5.05%	1.47%
2010	4.83%	1.42%
2011	4.62%	1.37%
2012	4.41%	1.32%
2013	4.21%	1.27%
2014	4.01%	1.23%
2015	3.82%	1.19%
2016	3.64%	1.15%
2017	3.46%	1.11%
2018	3.3%	1.08%
2019	3.14%	1.04%
2020	2.99%	1.01%
2021	2.86%	0.98%
2022	2.75%	0.95%
2023	2.65%	0.92%