Fertility & birth rates in India and Thailand

Fertility rate in India vs Thailand chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.21 in Thailand in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Thailand population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	India	Thailand
1960	5.92	6.33
1961	5.94	6.32
1962	5.95	6.33
1963	5.97	6.34
1964	5.98	6.31
1965	5.94	6.26
1966	5.88	6.18
1967	5.83	6.08
1968	5.76	5.93
1969	5.68	5.7
1970	5.62	5.45
1971	5.57	5.25
1972	5.48	5.08
1973	5.4	4.85
1974	5.33	4.6
1975	5.2	4.36
1976	5.13	4.12
1977	5.01	3.87
1978	4.89	3.62
1979	4.81	3.45
1980	4.78	3.29
1981	4.7	3.13
1982	4.62	2.94
1983	4.57	2.76
1984	4.52	2.58
1985	4.43	2.45
1986	4.4	2.36
1987	4.31	2.26
1988	4.22	2.17
1989	4.13	2.14
1990	4.05	2.07
1991	3.96	2.04
1992	3.88	2.01
1993	3.8	1.97
1994	3.72	1.93
1995	3.65	1.89
1996	3.58	1.87
1997	3.51	1.85
1998	3.45	1.82
1999	3.38	1.77
2000	3.35	1.73
2001	3.3	1.71
2002	3.22	1.69
2003	3.12	1.67
2004	3.05	1.67
2005	2.96	1.64
2006	2.87	1.63
2007	2.78	1.62
2008	2.71	1.59
2009	2.67	1.57
2010	2.6	1.56
2011	2.53	1.57
2012	2.47	1.56
2013	2.4	1.53
2014	2.29	1.48
2015	2.29	1.45
2016	2.28	1.4
2017	2.19	1.36
2018	2.18	1.32
2019	2.12	1.29
2020	2.05	1.26
2021	2.01	1.23
2022	1.99	1.22
2023	1.98	1.21
2024	1.96	1.2
2025	1.94	1.19
2026	1.93	1.19
2027	1.91	1.19
2028	1.9	1.19
2029	1.89	1.19
2030	1.88	1.2
2031	1.87	1.2
2032	1.86	1.21
2033	1.85	1.21
2034	1.84	1.22
2035	1.84	1.22
2036	1.83	1.23
2037	1.82	1.23
2038	1.81	1.24
2039	1.81	1.24
2040	1.8	1.25
2041	1.8	1.25
2042	1.79	1.26
2043	1.79	1.26
2044	1.78	1.26
2045	1.78	1.27
2046	1.78	1.27
2047	1.77	1.28
2048	1.77	1.28
2049	1.77	1.28
2050	1.76	1.29

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	India	Thailand
1960	40.6%	44.3%
1961	40.9%	44.6%
1962	41.2%	44.8%
1963	41.5%	45.1%
1964	41.6%	45.3%
1965	41.7%	45.4%
1966	41.7%	45.4%
1967	41.6%	45.3%
1968	41.5%	45.2%
1969	41.5%	45%
1970	41.4%	44.8%
1971	41.2%	44.4%
1972	41.1%	44%
1973	41%	43.5%
1974	40.8%	43%
1975	40.7%	42.4%
1976	40.5%	41.8%
1977	40.3%	41.1%
1978	40.1%	40.3%
1979	40%	39.5%
1980	39.8%	38.7%
1981	39.7%	37.8%
1982	39.6%	37%
1983	39.5%	36%
1984	39.4%	35.1%
1985	39.3%	34.1%
1986	39.2%	33.2%
1987	39.1%	32.4%
1988	38.9%	31.5%
1989	38.8%	30.7%
1990	38.6%	30%
1991	38.4%	29.2%
1992	38.1%	28.5%
1993	37.9%	28%
1994	37.6%	27.4%
1995	37.3%	26.9%
1996	37%	26.4%
1997	36.7%	25.9%
1998	36.3%	25.4%
1999	35.9%	24.9%
2000	35.6%	24.4%
2001	35.2%	23.9%
2002	34.8%	23.4%
2003	34.4%	23%
2004	34%	22.6%
2005	33.6%	22.2%
2006	33.1%	21.7%
2007	32.7%	21.3%
2008	32.2%	20.9%
2009	31.8%	20.6%
2010	31.3%	20.1%
2011	30.9%	19.7%
2012	30.4%	19.2%
2013	29.9%	18.8%
2014	29.4%	18.5%
2015	28.9%	18.1%
2016	28.4%	17.7%
2017	27.8%	17.3%
2018	27.3%	16.9%
2019	26.8%	16.6%
2020	26.3%	16.2%
2021	25.9%	15.8%
2022	25.5%	15.4%
2023	25.1%	15.1%
2024	24.6%	14.7%
2025	24.2%	14.4%
2026	23.8%	14.1%
2027	23.4%	13.7%
2028	23%	13.4%
2029	22.7%	13.1%
2030	22.4%	12.9%
2031	22.1%	12.7%
2032	21.8%	12.5%
2033	21.5%	12.3%
2034	21.3%	12.2%
2035	21%	12.1%
2036	20.8%	12%
2037	20.6%	11.9%
2038	20.4%	11.9%
2039	20.2%	11.8%
2040	19.9%	11.8%
2041	19.7%	11.8%
2042	19.5%	11.8%
2043	19.3%	11.7%
2044	19.1%	11.7%
2045	18.8%	11.7%
2046	18.6%	11.7%
2047	18.4%	11.6%
2048	18.2%	11.6%
2049	18%	11.6%
2050	17.8%	11.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 14.7% in Thailand in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 30% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Thailand compared.

Natural population change in India vs Thailand by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and +0.18% in Thailand. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	India	Thailand
1960	10,237,489	774,190
1961	10,468,816	801,140
1962	10,743,409	828,741
1963	11,016,705	860,728
1964	11,285,378	885,137
1965	10,925,714	909,000
1966	11,089,894	929,469
1967	11,279,897	944,980
1968	12,006,807	953,806
1969	12,167,671	948,314
1970	12,417,866	937,116
1971	12,787,104	936,215
1972	13,041,792	940,420
1973	13,412,707	933,540
1974	13,795,836	923,151
1975	13,958,642	911,980
1976	14,435,504	894,072
1977	14,575,662	871,232
1978	14,898,145	847,799
1979	15,392,957	843,434
1980	16,018,786	845,575
1981	16,422,159	839,297
1982	16,790,507	817,951
1983	17,219,127	794,239
1984	17,698,810	779,856
1985	17,968,697	776,935
1986	18,455,495	783,430
1987	18,496,213	774,498
1988	18,702,916	765,252
1989	18,848,915	774,563
1990	18,893,588	760,808
1991	19,049,524	760,508
1992	19,132,757	754,999
1993	19,152,399	737,696
1994	19,310,798	712,589
1995	19,396,161	682,703
1996	19,442,699	661,397
1997	19,494,098	644,834
1998	19,569,575	617,318
1999	19,648,424	578,073
2000	19,984,160	543,884
2001	20,182,573	524,230
2002	20,024,621	504,299
2003	19,720,507	488,003
2004	19,469,758	466,542
2005	19,034,839	456,378
2006	18,641,737	441,211
2007	18,331,648	425,362
2008	18,234,926	401,730
2009	18,286,055	382,636
2010	17,991,935	370,466
2011	17,793,362	365,670
2012	17,552,365	351,485
2013	17,107,541	325,059
2014	16,165,943	294,628
2015	16,211,195	266,362
2016	16,202,593	226,255
2017	15,394,041	194,695
2018	15,451,168	159,383
2019	14,859,846	116,867
2020	13,366,946	84,107
2021	10,227,523	57,382
2022	13,912,130	-61,046
2023	13,711,993	-46,105

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Thailand

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 34 deaths in Thailand.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	India	Thailand
1985	658	88
1986	624	78
1987	592	72
1988	562	67
1989	538	64
1990	516	60
1991	498	59
1992	482	58
1993	467	57
1994	451	54
1995	437	52
1996	422	49
1997	407	48
1998	393	47
1999	378	48
2000	362	49
2001	349	47
2002	330	44
2003	313	42
2004	296	44
2005	277	40
2006	258	38
2007	240	38
2008	223	37
2009	205	37
2010	188	37
2011	173	37
2012	160	36
2013	148	35
2014	137	34
2015	129	34
2016	121	34
2017	113	34
2018	107	34
2019	101	34
2020	101	36
2021	155	38
2022	90	112
2023	80	34

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 0.92% in Thailand. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	India	Thailand
1960	24.1%	14.7%
1961	23.8%	14.2%
1962	23.5%	13.7%
1963	23.2%	13.2%
1964	22.9%	12.8%
1965	22.7%	12.3%
1966	22.4%	11.8%
1967	22.2%	11.4%
1968	22%	10.9%
1969	21.7%	10.4%
1970	21.5%	9.95%
1971	21.2%	9.47%
1972	20.8%	9.01%
1973	20.5%	8.56%
1974	20.1%	8.14%
1975	19.6%	7.73%
1976	19.1%	7.35%
1977	18.6%	7%
1978	18%	6.67%
1979	17.5%	6.36%
1980	16.9%	6.07%
1981	16.4%	5.79%
1982	15.9%	5.53%
1983	15.5%	5.28%
1984	15%	5.03%
1985	14.6%	4.8%
1986	14.2%	4.57%
1987	13.8%	4.34%
1988	13.4%	4.12%
1989	13%	3.91%
1990	12.7%	3.69%
1991	12.3%	3.49%
1992	12%	3.3%
1993	11.6%	3.12%
1994	11.3%	2.96%
1995	11%	2.81%
1996	10.6%	2.67%
1997	10.3%	2.53%
1998	9.89%	2.41%
1999	9.53%	2.29%
2000	9.16%	2.18%
2001	8.8%	2.08%
2002	8.45%	1.98%
2003	8.11%	1.89%
2004	7.77%	1.81%
2005	7.44%	1.73%
2006	7.11%	1.66%
2007	6.79%	1.59%
2008	6.46%	1.53%
2009	6.14%	1.47%
2010	5.82%	1.42%
2011	5.5%	1.37%
2012	5.2%	1.32%
2013	4.91%	1.27%
2014	4.63%	1.23%
2015	4.36%	1.19%
2016	4.11%	1.15%
2017	3.87%	1.11%
2018	3.64%	1.08%
2019	3.43%	1.04%
2020	3.24%	1.01%
2021	3.06%	0.98%
2022	2.91%	0.95%
2023	2.77%	0.92%