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Fertility & birth rates in Russia and Sweden

Updated on by Georank team

Russia has an annual birth rate of 8.6 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.5 for Sweden. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.41 in Russia and 1.45 in Sweden — 2.84% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -44% in Russia and by -33.2% in Sweden — in 1960, it was 2.52 and 2.17, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Russia is ranked 168/196 by birth rate compared to 153/196 for Sweden.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 25.2 years in Russia, compared to 30 years in Sweden.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.1 in Russia — it's 31.7 in Sweden.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 13 in Russia vs 1.79 in Sweden.
  • In Russia, 23.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.3% in Sweden.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.35% in Russia and +0.05% in Sweden.

Birth rate data compared

Russia Sweden
Fertility rate 1.41 1.45
Birth rate 8.6 9.5
Birth rate rank 168/196 153/196
Age at first childbirth 25.2 years 30 years
Average age at childbearing 29.1 years 31.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 11.6 1.63
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 78.6 54
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 11.7 18.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 23.3% 21.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 55% n/a
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.6% 100%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.009% 0.004%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.17% 0.14%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.37% 0.2%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.45% 0.25%
Population change due to births and deaths -503,392 +5,269
Natural population change rank 194/196 125/196
Natural population change rate -0.35% +0.05%
Population growth -0.2% +0.31%
Population growth rank 177/197 148/197
Life expectancy 73.5 years 83.6 years

Fertility rate in Russia vs Sweden chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Russia was 1.41 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.45 in Sweden in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Russia vs Sweden population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Russia
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Russia Sweden
1960 2.52 2.17
1961 2.45 2.21
1962 2.36 2.25
1963 2.27 2.33
1964 2.18 2.47
1965 2.13 2.39
1966 2.1 2.37
1967 2.04 2.28
1968 1.99 2.07
1969 1.97 1.93
1970 1.99 1.92
1971 2.03 1.96
1972 2.04 1.91
1973 2.01 1.87
1974 2 1.87
1975 1.98 1.77
1976 1.97 1.68
1977 1.95 1.64
1978 1.92 1.6
1979 1.9 1.66
1980 1.89 1.68
1981 1.91 1.63
1982 2.04 1.62
1983 2.11 1.61
1984 2.06 1.66
1985 2.05 1.74
1986 2.15 1.8
1987 2.22 1.84
1988 2.12 1.96
1989 2.01 2.01
1990 1.89 2.13
1991 1.73 2.11
1992 1.55 2.09
1993 1.39 1.99
1994 1.4 1.88
1995 1.34 1.73
1996 1.27 1.6
1997 1.22 1.52
1998 1.23 1.5
1999 1.16 1.5
2000 1.2 1.54
2001 1.22 1.57
2002 1.29 1.65
2003 1.32 1.71
2004 1.34 1.75
2005 1.29 1.77
2006 1.31 1.85
2007 1.42 1.88
2008 1.5 1.91
2009 1.54 1.94
2010 1.57 1.98
2011 1.58 1.9
2012 1.69 1.91
2013 1.71 1.89
2014 1.75 1.88
2015 1.78 1.85
2016 1.76 1.85
2017 1.62 1.78
2018 1.58 1.76
2019 1.5 1.71
2020 1.51 1.67
2021 1.51 1.67
2022 1.42 1.53
2023 1.41 1.45
2024 1.42 1.45
2025 1.43 1.46
2026 1.43 1.46
2027 1.43 1.47
2028 1.44 1.47
2029 1.44 1.48
2030 1.45 1.48
2031 1.45 1.49
2032 1.45 1.49
2033 1.46 1.49
2034 1.46 1.5
2035 1.46 1.5
2036 1.47 1.5
2037 1.47 1.51
2038 1.47 1.51
2039 1.47 1.51
2040 1.48 1.52
2041 1.48 1.52
2042 1.48 1.53
2043 1.48 1.53
2044 1.49 1.53
2045 1.49 1.53
2046 1.49 1.53
2047 1.49 1.54
2048 1.5 1.54
2049 1.5 1.54
2050 1.5 1.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Russia
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Russia Sweden
1960 30.5% 22.4%
1961 30.9% 22%
1962 30.8% 21.5%
1963 30.6% 21.2%
1964 30.2% 21%
1965 29.5% 20.9%
1966 28.9% 20.9%
1967 28.3% 21%
1968 27.6% 20.9%
1969 26.9% 20.9%
1970 26.1% 20.8%
1971 25.4% 20.8%
1972 24.8% 20.8%
1973 24.2% 20.7%
1974 23.6% 20.7%
1975 23% 20.7%
1976 22.5% 20.6%
1977 22.1% 20.5%
1978 21.8% 20.3%
1979 21.7% 19.9%
1980 21.7% 19.6%
1981 21.7% 19.2%
1982 21.9% 18.9%
1983 22.1% 18.6%
1984 22.4% 18.3%
1985 22.6% 18.2%
1986 22.8% 18%
1987 22.9% 17.9%
1988 23% 17.8%
1989 23% 17.8%
1990 22.9% 17.9%
1991 22.7% 18.1%
1992 22.4% 18.4%
1993 22% 18.6%
1994 21.6% 18.8%
1995 21.2% 18.9%
1996 20.7% 18.8%
1997 20.2% 18.7%
1998 19.5% 18.7%
1999 18.8% 18.6%
2000 18% 18.4%
2001 17.3% 18.3%
2002 16.6% 18.1%
2003 16% 17.9%
2004 15.6% 17.7%
2005 15.2% 17.4%
2006 14.9% 17.1%
2007 14.8% 16.9%
2008 14.9% 16.7%
2009 15% 16.6%
2010 15.2% 16.6%
2011 15.4% 16.7%
2012 15.7% 16.8%
2013 16.1% 17%
2014 16.5% 17.2%
2015 16.9% 17.3%
2016 17.2% 17.5%
2017 17.5% 17.7%
2018 17.6% 17.8%
2019 17.6% 17.8%
2020 17.7% 17.7%
2021 17.7% 17.7%
2022 17.7% 17.5%
2023 17.5% 17.2%
2024 17.3% 17%
2025 17% 16.7%
2026 16.7% 16.4%
2027 16.3% 16.2%
2028 15.9% 15.9%
2029 15.5% 15.6%
2030 15% 15.3%
2031 14.6% 15.1%
2032 14.2% 14.8%
2033 14% 14.5%
2034 13.8% 14.3%
2035 13.7% 14.1%
2036 13.6% 13.9%
2037 13.6% 13.8%
2038 13.6% 13.8%
2039 13.7% 13.8%
2040 13.9% 13.8%
2041 14% 13.8%
2042 14.2% 13.9%
2043 14.4% 13.9%
2044 14.6% 14%
2045 14.8% 14.1%
2046 15% 14.1%
2047 15.2% 14.2%
2048 15.4% 14.3%
2049 15.5% 14.4%
2050 15.7% 14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.3% of the population in Russia and 17% in Sweden in 2024, compared to 22.9% and 17.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Russia and Sweden compared.

Natural population change in Russia vs Sweden by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.24% in Russia and +0.2% in Sweden. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Russia
Sweden

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Russia Sweden
1960 1,962,834 27,693
1961 1,810,538 30,832
1962 1,573,701 30,246
1963 1,436,077 35,741
1964 1,233,520 45,968
1965 1,059,335 44,857
1966 989,279 45,286
1967 854,554 41,700
1968 787,621 30,858
1969 753,088 23,904
1970 785,554 30,563
1971 854,999 31,583
1972 872,050 28,428
1973 846,561 24,409
1974 883,186 23,664
1975 843,850 14,746
1976 852,237 8,222
1977 832,932 7,426
1978 812,766 4,138
1979 690,135 4,976
1980 681,149 5,818
1981 713,700 1,664
1982 830,855 1,665
1983 906,676 833
1984 756,548 3,335
1985 762,447 4,175
1986 985,279 9,206
1987 977,583 11,757
1988 778,343 15,186
1989 576,112 24,629
1990 325,533 29,100
1991 103,876 29,299
1992 -222,808 28,605
1993 -757,140 20,924
1994 -920,129 20,196
1995 -845,742 9,710
1996 -785,248 1,768
1997 -769,159 -3,539
1998 -694,053 -3,541
1999 -927,453 -6,201
2000 -967,540 -2,662
2001 -963,445 -1,779
2002 -944,492 893
2003 -896,822 6,271
2004 -792,370 9,893
2005 -846,761 9,030
2006 -686,638 15,436
2007 -471,257 15,552
2008 -356,856 18,439
2009 -257,014 21,387
2010 -242,844 25,320
2011 -128,716 21,733
2012 0 20,943
2013 28,761 23,041
2014 28,848 26,179
2015 43,392 23,518
2016 0 25,800
2017 -130,764 24,138
2018 -232,637 23,403
2019 -319,997 25,697
2020 -697,177 14,495
2021 -1,027,702 22,914
2022 -576,948 10,487
2023 -503,392 5,269

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Russia vs Sweden

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 9 deaths per 100,000 live births in Russia, compared to 4 deaths in Sweden.

Russia
Sweden
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Russia Sweden
1985 81 8
1986 69 8
1987 65 8
1988 63 9
1989 61 9
1990 58 8
1991 57 8
1992 62 8
1993 76 8
1994 85 7
1995 82 7
1996 69 6
1997 59 6
1998 53 6
1999 53 6
2000 51 5
2001 48 5
2002 47 5
2003 45 5
2004 41 5
2005 38 5
2006 32 5
2007 29 5
2008 27 5
2009 24 5
2010 23 5
2011 19 5
2012 18 5
2013 16 5
2014 16 5
2015 15 5
2016 14 5
2017 12 5
2018 12 5
2019 12 4
2020 19 5
2021 21 5
2022 13 5
2023 9 4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.45% in Russia and 0.25% in Sweden. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Russia
Sweden

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Russia Sweden
1960 4.55% 1.96%
1961 4.26% 1.92%
1962 3.99% 1.86%
1963 3.76% 1.79%
1964 3.55% 1.71%
1965 3.38% 1.63%
1966 3.23% 1.56%
1967 3.11% 1.49%
1968 3.02% 1.44%
1969 2.94% 1.39%
1970 2.88% 1.34%
1971 2.84% 1.29%
1972 2.81% 1.23%
1973 2.78% 1.16%
1974 2.77% 1.09%
1975 2.76% 1.03%
1976 2.76% 0.98%
1977 2.76% 0.94%
1978 2.76% 0.9%
1979 2.75% 0.87%
1980 2.73% 0.84%
1981 2.7% 0.82%
1982 2.66% 0.8%
1983 2.62% 0.78%
1984 2.56% 0.77%
1985 2.5% 0.76%
1986 2.42% 0.75%
1987 2.34% 0.74%
1988 2.26% 0.73%
1989 2.2% 0.72%
1990 2.17% 0.7%
1991 2.16% 0.66%
1992 2.17% 0.62%
1993 2.19% 0.57%
1994 2.2% 0.52%
1995 2.2% 0.48%
1996 2.17% 0.46%
1997 2.13% 0.44%
1998 2.08% 0.42%
1999 2.02% 0.41%
2000 1.94% 0.41%
2001 1.84% 0.4%
2002 1.73% 0.4%
2003 1.61% 0.39%
2004 1.5% 0.37%
2005 1.39% 0.36%
2006 1.29% 0.35%
2007 1.2% 0.33%
2008 1.13% 0.32%
2009 1.07% 0.31%
2010 1.04% 0.31%
2011 1.02% 0.3%
2012 0.99% 0.3%
2013 0.95% 0.29%
2014 0.89% 0.29%
2015 0.82% 0.29%
2016 0.75% 0.28%
2017 0.69% 0.28%
2018 0.63% 0.27%
2019 0.58% 0.26%
2020 0.54% 0.26%
2021 0.51% 0.25%
2022 0.47% 0.25%
2023 0.45% 0.25%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Russia vs Sweden
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