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Population in Mongolia compared to Portugal: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Mongolia was 3,568,978 in 2025 vs 10,804,871 people in Portugal in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Mongolia's population is 3,630,744 people compared to 10,788,071 in Portugal.

Population statistics:

  • Portugal's population is 2.97 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Mongolia is ranked the 132nd most populous country in the world, while Portugal is the 91st.
  • The countries together account for 0.17% of the world: 0.04% for Mongolia vs 0.13% for Portugal.
  • For the last 10 years, Mongolia has had an average growth rate of +1.71% per year vs +0.35% in Portugal.
  • Since 2006, the population of Mongolia has increased from 2.57M people to 3.63M (41.4% growth), while Portugal has grown from 10.5M to 10.8M (2.53% growth).

Mongolia vs Portugal: population by year and forecast

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Portugal
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Mongolia Portugal
2100 5,630,532 9,079,610
2099 5,624,298 9,084,930
2098 5,616,442 9,089,064
2097 5,607,739 9,094,546
2096 5,598,366 9,100,755
2095 5,587,141 9,108,548
2094 5,575,743 9,113,366
2093 5,563,600 9,118,286
2092 5,550,506 9,123,579
2091 5,537,031 9,127,714
2090 5,522,419 9,132,140
2089 5,507,083 9,136,870
2088 5,491,226 9,141,647
2087 5,475,425 9,147,996
2086 5,459,661 9,152,804
2085 5,442,388 9,158,263
2084 5,424,928 9,165,158
2083 5,406,747 9,171,574
2082 5,388,623 9,179,958
2081 5,369,593 9,190,466
2080 5,349,817 9,201,621
2079 5,329,240 9,214,398
2078 5,307,283 9,228,555
2077 5,286,383 9,243,708
2076 5,264,220 9,262,542
2075 5,241,700 9,282,392
2074 5,218,897 9,305,608
2073 5,195,622 9,330,117
2072 5,172,532 9,353,771
2071 5,149,066 9,380,991
2070 5,124,853 9,409,668
2069 5,101,195 9,440,299
2068 5,077,035 9,473,457
2067 5,052,818 9,506,001
2066 5,027,552 9,539,597
2065 5,002,655 9,574,237
2064 4,978,185 9,611,738
2063 4,953,806 9,649,045
2062 4,929,364 9,686,737
2061 4,904,690 9,723,601
2060 4,878,877 9,762,379
2059 4,852,963 9,801,072
2058 4,826,761 9,841,936
2057 4,799,120 9,880,092
2056 4,771,151 9,918,643
2055 4,742,184 9,958,971
2054 4,711,735 9,997,570
2053 4,679,745 10,037,385
2052 4,646,658 10,076,095
2051 4,612,090 10,112,788
2050 4,576,701 10,149,626
2049 4,539,215 10,187,172
2048 4,500,638 10,221,034
2047 4,460,511 10,255,340
2046 4,419,188 10,289,266
2045 4,376,222 10,321,807
2044 4,333,010 10,353,338
2043 4,289,776 10,384,554
2042 4,245,757 10,412,950
2041 4,201,838 10,440,054
2040 4,158,320 10,469,380
2039 4,115,023 10,497,556
2038 4,072,646 10,523,869
2037 4,030,644 10,548,445
2036 3,989,867 10,573,361
2035 3,950,239 10,597,352
2034 3,911,316 10,621,955
2033 3,873,353 10,645,024
2032 3,836,311 10,668,384
2031 3,800,027 10,689,372
2030 3,763,374 10,708,819
2029 3,726,490 10,729,893
2028 3,688,767 10,752,023
2027 3,650,012 10,770,712
2026 3,610,395 10,788,071
2025 3,568,978 10,804,871
2024 3,524,788 10,694,681
2023 3,481,145 10,578,174
2022 3,433,748 10,434,332
2021 3,383,741 10,361,831
2020 3,327,204 10,297,081
2019 3,267,673 10,286,263
2018 3,208,189 10,283,822
2017 3,148,917 10,300,300
2016 3,088,856 10,325,452
2015 3,026,864 10,358,076
2014 2,963,113 10,401,062
2013 2,899,011 10,457,295
2012 2,839,705 10,514,844
2011 2,786,317 10,557,560
2010 2,738,622 10,573,100
2009 2,691,115 10,568,247
2008 2,643,201 10,558,177
2007 2,601,850 10,542,964
2006 2,567,168 10,522,288
2005 2,536,407 10,503,330
2004 2,508,412 10,483,861
2003 2,480,374 10,458,821
2002 2,449,027 10,419,631
2001 2,417,751 10,362,722
2000 2,388,299 10,289,898
1999 2,356,813 10,217,828
1998 2,323,809 10,160,196
1997 2,291,750 10,108,977
1996 2,259,507 10,063,945
1995 2,224,945 10,026,176
1994 2,189,395 9,991,525
1993 2,165,130 9,964,675
1992 2,167,790 9,952,494
1991 2,165,342 9,960,235
1990 2,098,710 9,983,218
1989 2,124,185 10,005,000
1988 2,076,322 10,019,610
1987 2,022,800 10,030,031
1986 1,970,965 10,032,734
1985 1,921,514 10,023,613
1984 1,874,349 9,996,232
1983 1,829,092 9,957,865
1982 1,785,364 9,911,771
1981 1,742,857 9,851,362
1980 1,701,335 9,766,312
1979 1,660,659 9,661,265
1978 1,619,468 9,558,250
1977 1,576,245 9,455,675
1976 1,531,945 9,355,810
1975 1,488,296 9,093,470
1974 1,446,050 8,754,365
1973 1,405,502 8,633,100
1972 1,366,821 8,630,430
1971 1,330,071 8,643,756
1970 1,295,272 8,680,431
1969 1,262,284 8,757,705
1968 1,229,930 8,836,650
1967 1,196,996 8,874,520
1966 1,163,754 8,930,990
1965 1,131,177 8,998,595
1964 1,100,234 9,035,365
1963 1,071,362 9,030,355
1962 1,041,444 8,993,985
1961 1,009,284 8,929,316
1960 977,595 8,857,716

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/portugal | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Mongolia increased by 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth), while Portugal lost 196,836 people (a 1.87% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Mongolia gained 541,888 people (a 17.5% growth), while Portugal's population increased by 462,619 people (a 4.48% growth).

Mongolia was ranked 137th most populous country in 2006 and is 132nd in 2026. Portugal was ranked 78th in 2006 and ranked 91st now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Mongolia's population will grow by 26.1% to 4,576,701 people with a rank change from 132nd to 130th. The population of Portugal will decrease by 5.92% to 10,149,626 people and rank change from 91st to 97th.

Mongolia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 5.63M people, while Portugal's population already peaked in 2025 at 10.8M people and is projected to decrease to 9.08M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Portugal
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Mongolia Portugal
2100 0.11% -0.06%
2099 0.14% -0.05%
2098 0.16% -0.06%
2097 0.17% -0.07%
2096 0.2% -0.09%
2095 0.2% -0.05%
2094 0.22% -0.05%
2093 0.24% -0.06%
2092 0.24% -0.05%
2091 0.26% -0.05%
2090 0.28% -0.05%
2089 0.29% -0.05%
2088 0.29% -0.07%
2087 0.29% -0.05%
2086 0.32% -0.06%
2085 0.32% -0.08%
2084 0.34% -0.07%
2083 0.34% -0.09%
2082 0.35% -0.11%
2081 0.37% -0.12%
2080 0.39% -0.14%
2079 0.41% -0.15%
2078 0.4% -0.16%
2077 0.42% -0.2%
2076 0.43% -0.21%
2075 0.44% -0.25%
2074 0.45% -0.26%
2073 0.45% -0.25%
2072 0.46% -0.29%
2071 0.47% -0.3%
2070 0.46% -0.32%
2069 0.48% -0.35%
2068 0.48% -0.34%
2067 0.5% -0.35%
2066 0.5% -0.36%
2065 0.49% -0.39%
2064 0.49% -0.39%
2063 0.5% -0.39%
2062 0.5% -0.38%
2061 0.53% -0.4%
2060 0.53% -0.39%
2059 0.54% -0.42%
2058 0.58% -0.39%
2057 0.59% -0.39%
2056 0.61% -0.4%
2055 0.65% -0.39%
2054 0.68% -0.4%
2053 0.71% -0.38%
2052 0.75% -0.36%
2051 0.77% -0.36%
2050 0.83% -0.37%
2049 0.86% -0.33%
2048 0.9% -0.33%
2047 0.94% -0.33%
2046 0.98% -0.32%
2045 1% -0.3%
2044 1.01% -0.3%
2043 1.04% -0.27%
2042 1.05% -0.26%
2041 1.05% -0.28%
2040 1.05% -0.27%
2039 1.04% -0.25%
2038 1.04% -0.23%
2037 1.02% -0.24%
2036 1% -0.23%
2035 1% -0.23%
2034 0.98% -0.22%
2033 0.97% -0.22%
2032 0.95% -0.2%
2031 0.97% -0.18%
2030 0.99% -0.2%
2029 1.02% -0.21%
2028 1.06% -0.17%
2027 1.1% -0.16%
2026 1.16% -0.16%
2025 1.25% 1.03%
2024 1.25% 1.1%
2023 1.38% 1.38%
2022 1.48% 0.7%
2021 1.7% 0.63%
2020 1.82% 0.11%
2019 1.85% 0.02%
2018 1.88% -0.16%
2017 1.94% -0.24%
2016 2.05% -0.31%
2015 2.15% -0.41%
2014 2.21% -0.54%
2013 2.09% -0.55%
2012 1.92% -0.4%
2011 1.74% -0.15%
2010 1.77% 0.05%
2009 1.81% 0.1%
2008 1.59% 0.14%
2007 1.35% 0.2%
2006 1.21% 0.18%
2005 1.12% 0.19%
2004 1.13% 0.24%
2003 1.28% 0.38%
2002 1.29% 0.55%
2001 1.23% 0.71%
2000 1.34% 0.71%
1999 1.42% 0.57%
1998 1.4% 0.51%
1997 1.43% 0.45%
1996 1.55% 0.38%
1995 1.62% 0.35%
1994 1.12% 0.27%
1993 -0.12% 0.12%
1992 0.11% -0.08%
1991 3.17% -0.23%
1990 -1.2% -0.22%
1989 2.31% -0.15%
1988 2.65% -0.1%
1987 2.63% -0.03%
1986 2.57% 0.09%
1985 2.52% 0.27%
1984 2.47% 0.39%
1983 2.45% 0.47%
1982 2.44% 0.61%
1981 2.44% 0.87%
1980 2.45% 1.09%
1979 2.54% 1.08%
1978 2.74% 1.08%
1977 2.89% 1.07%
1976 2.93% 2.88%
1975 2.92% 3.87%
1974 2.88% 1.4%
1973 2.83% 0.03%
1972 2.76% -0.15%
1971 2.69% -0.42%
1970 2.61% -0.88%
1969 2.63% -0.89%
1968 2.75% -0.43%
1967 2.86% -0.63%
1966 2.88% -0.75%
1965 2.81% -0.41%
1964 2.69% 0.06%
1963 2.87% 0.4%
1962 3.19% 0.72%
1961 3.24% 0.81%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/portugal | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Mongolia grew by 1.25%, while Portugal's population grew by 1.03%.

Live population counters

Mongolia Portugal
Current population
3630744
10788071
Population rank 132/197 91/197
Percent of world population 0.04% 0.13%
One net population change
11.9 minutes
4.78 minutes
One birth every
8.82 minutes
6.22 minutes
One death every
27.1 minutes
4.43 minutes
Daily growth/decline +121 +302
Annual growth/decline +44,190 +110,190
Annual growth/decline rate +1.25% +1.03%
Population growth rate rank 81/197 99/197
One migration net change every
4.63 days
32 minutes
Annual migration change +79 +16,472
Net migration rank 74/196 38/196
Foreign-born residents 22,589 1,127,184
Foreign-born residents rank 169/195 56/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.6% 10.8%
Foreign-born share rank 171/195 61/195

Natural population change vs migration

Mongolia
Natural

Migration
Portugal
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Mongolia Portugal
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 79 - 16,472
2024 40,182 83 -34,223 20,648
2023 46,995 0 -32,792 29,102
2022 47,730 0 -40,694 68,696
2021 52,109 0 -45,592 69,606
2020 60,888 0 -39,129 54,076
2019 61,433 8,660 -24,687 63,031
2018 60,635 7,811 -25,709 22,495
2017 57,940 6,831 -23,691 13,979
2016 62,086 5,633 -23,749 -775
2015 64,473 4,307 -23,823 -3,209
2014 66,078 2,921 -22,882 -26,447
2013 62,618 1,505 -24,052 -36,342
2012 55,942 351 -17,875 -37,083
2011 50,711 -505 -5,279 -31,513
2010 44,914 -6,444 -4,230 -5,627
2009 48,876 -15,007 -5,284 14,532
2008 45,843 -17,277 0 9,478
2007 39,636 -15,220 -1,055 21,064
2006 33,609 -11,934 3,156 16,754
2005 29,290 -8,924 2,101 15,537
2004 28,418 -8,148 7,339 13,928
2003 28,827 -7,986 4,184 24,740
2002 30,439 -8,934 8,335 42,169
2001 32,052 -10,244 8,290 55,565
2000 32,753 -11,241 15,435 60,586
1999 32,283 -13,481 8,175 49,572
1998 31,757 -10,315 7,112 40,931
1997 32,403 -9,132 8,087 36,922
1996 33,741 -8,626 4,026 32,640
1995 34,473 -7,346 4,011 26,971
1994 34,711 -5,449 9,991 20,761
1993 36,924 -5,429 7,972 8,561
1992 42,437 -8,404 13,933 -11,847
1991 47,884 -11,427 12,948 -37,914
1990 49,443 -11,881 13,976 -34,855
1989 51,420 -9,757 22,011 -30,615
1988 51,588 2,459 24,047 -26,595
1987 51,140 1,855 28,084 -23,142
1986 50,329 354 31,102 -20,000
1985 49,944 -1,719 33,077 -19,183
1984 48,562 -2,452 45,983 -16,658
1983 46,919 -2,522 47,798 -16,568
1982 45,179 -2,132 58,479 -15,006
1981 43,588 -1,615 56,152 -7,938
1980 42,343 -1,268 63,481 29,881
1979 41,568 -1,296 67,628 32,434
1978 40,276 1,833 70,731 34,345
1977 38,995 5,354 84,156 37,779
1976 37,670 6,577 85,138 40,490
1975 36,490 6,556 81,841 42,262
1974 35,297 6,153 74,412 41,254
1973 33,993 5,647 76,835 39,748
1972 32,727 4,999 83,715 39,058
1971 31,536 4,238 82,980 48,944
1970 30,558 3,263 87,672 -191,862
1969 29,781 2,366 89,329 -161,114
1968 29,017 3,535 100,737 -145,200
1967 28,178 5,139 106,495 -136,232
1966 27,338 5,837 107,171 -129,233
1965 26,364 5,610 115,182 -123,855
1964 25,317 4,599 120,170 -118,763
1963 24,142 3,687 113,783 -116,874
1962 22,960 9,049 123,217 -113,947
1961 21,873 10,440 117,867 -112,768
1960 20,726 10,334 118,693 -95,886

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/portugal | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 94.3% of the population change in Mongolia is from natural causes (a gain of 554,471 people) and 5.67% is from migration (a gain of 33,325 people). In Portugal 48.2% is from natural causes (a loss of 314,089 people) and 51.8% is from migration (a gain of 337,649 people).

As of 2024, 22,589 residents or 0.6% of the population were not native-born in Mongolia, compared to 1,127,184 people or 10.8% in Portugal.

Biggest cities by population

Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K
Portugal
City Population
Lisbon 546K
Sintra 386K
Vila Nova de Gaia 304K
Porto 232K
Cascais 214K
Loures 202K
Braga 193K
Almada 177K
Matosinhos 173K
Oeiras 172K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/portugal | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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