Fertility & birth rates in Ghana and North Macedonia

Fertility rate in Ghana vs North Macedonia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ghana was 3.4 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.5 in North Macedonia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ghana vs North Macedonia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ghana	North Macedonia
1960	6.89	3.83
1961	6.91	3.62
1962	6.94	3.5
1963	6.94	3.62
1964	6.9	3.56
1965	6.88	3.52
1966	6.86	3.43
1967	6.89	3.33
1968	6.89	3.22
1969	6.95	3.1
1970	6.95	3.01
1971	6.95	2.93
1972	6.92	2.87
1973	6.87	2.72
1974	6.82	2.7
1975	6.76	2.69
1976	6.7	2.62
1977	6.64	2.49
1978	6.56	2.42
1979	6.51	2.4
1980	6.47	2.36
1981	6.42	2.29
1982	6.31	2.29
1983	6.23	2.25
1984	6.15	2.24
1985	6.12	2.25
1986	6.08	2.25
1987	6.02	2.32
1988	5.92	2.32
1989	5.82	2.25
1990	5.74	2.27
1991	5.63	2.31
1992	5.52	2.28
1993	5.41	2.26
1994	5.25	2.23
1995	5.11	2.13
1996	4.96	2.06
1997	4.88	1.92
1998	4.83	1.89
1999	4.82	1.77
2000	4.83	1.86
2001	4.77	1.73
2002	4.69	1.79
2003	4.6	1.75
2004	4.5	1.52
2005	4.5	1.5
2006	4.4	1.46
2007	4.29	1.46
2008	4.22	1.47
2009	4.18	1.5
2010	4.18	1.6
2011	4.18	1.46
2012	4.15	1.5
2013	4.11	1.5
2014	4.03	1.5
2015	3.98	1.49
2016	3.87	1.5
2017	3.72	1.43
2018	3.65	1.42
2019	3.59	1.34
2020	3.54	1.31
2021	3.49	1.6
2022	3.43	1.6
2023	3.4	1.5
2024	3.34	1.5
2025	3.3	1.5
2026	3.26	1.51
2027	3.22	1.51
2028	3.18	1.51
2029	3.14	1.51
2030	3.1	1.52
2031	3.06	1.52
2032	3.03	1.52
2033	2.99	1.52
2034	2.96	1.52
2035	2.93	1.52
2036	2.9	1.53
2037	2.87	1.53
2038	2.84	1.53
2039	2.81	1.53
2040	2.78	1.53
2041	2.76	1.53
2042	2.73	1.53
2043	2.71	1.54
2044	2.68	1.54
2045	2.66	1.54
2046	2.64	1.54
2047	2.62	1.55
2048	2.59	1.55
2049	2.57	1.55
2050	2.55	1.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ghana	North Macedonia
1960	45.4%	37.7%
1961	45.9%	37.8%
1962	46.4%	37.6%
1963	46.8%	37.2%
1964	47.1%	36.7%
1965	47.4%	36.3%
1966	47.6%	35.8%
1967	47.8%	35.2%
1968	47.9%	34.7%
1969	48.1%	34.1%
1970	48.2%	33.5%
1971	48.4%	33%
1972	48.4%	32.6%
1973	48.4%	32.2%
1974	48.3%	31.7%
1975	48.2%	31.3%
1976	47.9%	30.9%
1977	47.5%	30.6%
1978	47%	30.3%
1979	46.5%	29.9%
1980	46.2%	29.5%
1981	45.9%	29.1%
1982	45.7%	28.8%
1983	45.4%	28.5%
1984	45.2%	28.3%
1985	45.3%	28.1%
1986	45.4%	27.8%
1987	45.5%	27.6%
1988	45.4%	27.4%
1989	45.4%	27.1%
1990	45.3%	26.9%
1991	45.2%	26.5%
1992	45%	26.1%
1993	44.8%	25.7%
1994	44.5%	25.5%
1995	44.2%	25.4%
1996	43.9%	25.1%
1997	43.5%	24.8%
1998	43.1%	24.4%
1999	42.7%	23.9%
2000	42.3%	23.4%
2001	41.9%	22.9%
2002	41.5%	22.5%
2003	41.1%	22.1%
2004	40.7%	21.7%
2005	40.4%	21.2%
2006	40.1%	20.8%
2007	39.8%	20.4%
2008	39.5%	20%
2009	39.3%	19.7%
2010	39.1%	19.3%
2011	39%	19%
2012	38.9%	18.8%
2013	38.9%	18.6%
2014	38.8%	18.3%
2015	38.6%	18%
2016	38.4%	17.8%
2017	38.1%	17.5%
2018	37.8%	17.4%
2019	37.6%	17.2%
2020	37.2%	17.2%
2021	36.9%	17.2%
2022	36.5%	17.2%
2023	36.2%	17.1%
2024	35.8%	16.8%
2025	35.4%	16.5%
2026	35%	16.2%
2027	34.6%	15.9%
2028	34.1%	15.6%
2029	33.7%	15.3%
2030	33.3%	14.9%
2031	32.8%	14.6%
2032	32.5%	14.3%
2033	32.2%	14%
2034	31.9%	13.7%
2035	31.6%	13.5%
2036	31.4%	13.3%
2037	31.2%	13.1%
2038	30.9%	13%
2039	30.7%	13%
2040	30.5%	13%
2041	30.3%	12.9%
2042	30.1%	12.9%
2043	29.8%	13%
2044	29.6%	13%
2045	29.4%	13%
2046	29.2%	13%
2047	29%	13%
2048	28.8%	13.1%
2049	28.5%	13.1%
2050	28.3%	13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 35.8% of the population in Ghana and 16.8% in North Macedonia in 2024, compared to 45.3% and 26.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ghana and North Macedonia compared.

Natural population change in Ghana vs North Macedonia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.1% in Ghana and -0.07% in North Macedonia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ghana	North Macedonia
1960	217,134	28,816
1961	222,372	27,846
1962	223,842	25,317
1963	225,367	28,124
1964	226,685	27,889
1965	229,061	28,564
1966	231,440	28,766
1967	237,156	28,401
1968	242,821	28,378
1969	251,925	27,464
1970	257,938	28,022
1971	265,442	28,010
1972	275,236	28,236
1973	283,385	28,032
1974	290,796	28,400
1975	298,267	28,983
1976	305,769	28,799
1977	315,429	27,410
1978	324,428	27,150
1979	334,848	27,096
1980	346,816	26,547
1981	359,572	25,689
1982	369,061	25,810
1983	379,846	24,690
1984	392,053	24,436
1985	401,722	24,167
1986	411,191	23,720
1987	419,328	24,359
1988	425,031	24,064
1989	432,541	22,912
1990	442,211	22,868
1991	448,159	23,387
1992	452,156	21,659
1993	454,669	20,797
1994	449,589	19,103
1995	451,748	17,239
1996	450,259	14,806
1997	459,822	12,979
1998	471,313	12,446
1999	487,210	10,489
2000	508,738	12,159
2001	519,382	10,174
2002	528,620	9,697
2003	536,656	8,900
2004	543,339	5,444
2005	563,234	4,011
2006	569,474	3,988
2007	572,332	2,974
2008	579,695	3,746
2009	592,825	4,309
2010	613,133	4,866
2011	631,501	3,100
2012	646,595	3,087
2013	658,638	3,653
2014	660,829	3,644
2015	667,729	2,294
2016	659,910	2,374
2017	641,218	1,329
2018	641,551	1,512
2019	642,403	-375
2020	637,469	-5,939
2021	635,805	-9,737
2022	646,441	-4,397
2023	651,094	-3,290

Maternal mortality chart: Ghana vs North Macedonia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 234 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ghana, compared to 3 deaths in North Macedonia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ghana	North Macedonia
1985	943	17
1986	908	16
1987	873	15
1988	834	16
1989	799	14
1990	769	16
1991	745	15
1992	718	14
1993	696	14
1994	670	13
1995	630	13
1996	591	14
1997	553	13
1998	521	13
1999	490	12
2000	472	11
2001	460	9
2002	434	10
2003	410	8
2004	403	8
2005	390	7
2006	385	7
2007	377	7
2008	380	6
2009	369	6
2010	363	5
2011	356	5
2012	351	5
2013	338	5
2014	317	4
2015	310	4
2016	296	4
2017	287	4
2018	276	3
2019	260	3
2020	253	7
2021	264	12
2022	239	3
2023	234	3

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.71% in Ghana and 0.33% in North Macedonia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ghana	North Macedonia
1960	20.9%	-
1961	20.7%	-
1962	20.5%	-
1963	20.4%	-
1964	20.3%	-
1965	20.3%	-
1966	20.3%	-
1967	20.3%	-
1968	20.3%	-
1969	20.3%	-
1970	20.2%	-
1971	20.1%	-
1972	19.9%	-
1973	19.6%	-
1974	19.2%	-
1975	18.7%	-
1976	18.2%	-
1977	17.7%	-
1978	17.2%	-
1979	16.9%	-
1980	16.7%	-
1981	16.6%	5.79%
1982	16.4%	5.53%
1983	16.2%	5.25%
1984	15.9%	5.06%
1985	15.5%	5%
1986	15%	4.91%
1987	14.4%	4.69%
1988	13.8%	4.36%
1989	13.3%	4.01%
1990	12.8%	3.7%
1991	12.3%	3.46%
1992	12%	3.3%
1993	11.8%	3.13%
1994	11.6%	2.85%
1995	11.5%	2.45%
1996	11.3%	2.12%
1997	11.1%	1.93%
1998	10.8%	1.83%
1999	10.4%	1.73%
2000	10%	1.59%
2001	9.61%	1.48%
2002	9.21%	1.43%
2003	8.85%	1.43%
2004	8.52%	1.42%
2005	8.22%	1.37%
2006	7.93%	1.3%
2007	7.63%	1.23%
2008	7.31%	1.17%
2009	6.99%	1.1%
2010	6.65%	1.04%
2011	6.33%	1%
2012	6.02%	1.02%
2013	5.74%	1.07%
2014	5.48%	1.11%
2015	5.25%	1.13%
2016	5.02%	1.08%
2017	4.81%	0.97%
2018	4.6%	0.83%
2019	4.39%	0.7%
2020	4.2%	0.59%
2021	4.02%	0.5%
2022	3.85%	0.41%
2023	3.71%	0.33%