Fertility & birth rates in Luxembourg and United Kingdom

Fertility rate in Luxembourg vs United Kingdom chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Luxembourg was 1.25 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.56 in the United Kingdom in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Luxembourg vs the United Kingdom population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Luxembourg	United Kingdom
1960	2.29	2.69
1961	-	2.78
1962	2.37	2.86
1963	-	2.88
1964	2.34	2.93
1965	2.42	2.86
1966	2.34	2.78
1967	2.24	2.68
1968	2.12	2.6
1969	2.02	2.51
1970	1.97	2.44
1971	1.95	2.41
1972	1.75	2.2
1973	1.58	2.04
1974	1.58	1.92
1975	1.55	1.81
1976	1.48	1.74
1977	1.5	1.69
1978	1.48	1.75
1979	1.48	1.86
1980	1.5	1.9
1981	1.55	1.82
1982	1.49	1.78
1983	1.43	1.77
1984	1.42	1.77
1985	1.38	1.79
1986	1.43	1.78
1987	1.4	1.81
1988	1.51	1.82
1989	1.52	1.79
1990	1.6	1.83
1991	1.6	1.82
1992	1.64	1.79
1993	1.7	1.76
1994	1.72	1.74
1995	1.7	1.71
1996	1.77	1.73
1997	1.71	1.72
1998	1.68	1.71
1999	1.74	1.68
2000	1.76	1.64
2001	1.66	1.63
2002	1.63	1.63
2003	1.62	1.7
2004	1.66	1.75
2005	1.63	1.76
2006	1.65	1.82
2007	1.61	1.86
2008	1.61	1.91
2009	1.59	1.89
2010	1.63	1.92
2011	1.52	1.91
2012	1.57	1.92
2013	1.55	1.83
2014	1.5	1.81
2015	1.47	1.8
2016	1.41	1.79
2017	1.39	1.74
2018	1.38	1.68
2019	1.34	1.63
2020	1.36	1.57
2021	1.38	1.58
2022	1.31	1.56
2023	1.25	1.56
2024	1.25	1.55
2025	1.26	1.54
2026	1.26	1.53
2027	1.27	1.53
2028	1.27	1.53
2029	1.28	1.52
2030	1.28	1.52
2031	1.29	1.52
2032	1.29	1.53
2033	1.29	1.53
2034	1.29	1.53
2035	1.3	1.53
2036	1.3	1.53
2037	1.3	1.53
2038	1.3	1.53
2039	1.3	1.53
2040	1.31	1.53
2041	1.31	1.54
2042	1.31	1.54
2043	1.31	1.54
2044	1.32	1.54
2045	1.32	1.54
2046	1.32	1.54
2047	1.32	1.54
2048	1.32	1.54
2049	1.33	1.55
2050	1.33	1.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Luxembourg	United Kingdom
1960	21.2%	23.3%
1961	21.5%	23.3%
1962	21.7%	23.2%
1963	21.9%	23.2%
1964	22.1%	23.3%
1965	22.3%	23.4%
1966	22.5%	23.5%
1967	22.6%	23.7%
1968	22.5%	23.9%
1969	22.4%	24%
1970	22.2%	24.1%
1971	22%	24.1%
1972	21.6%	24%
1973	21.2%	23.9%
1974	20.9%	23.6%
1975	20.5%	23.3%
1976	20.2%	22.9%
1977	19.9%	22.4%
1978	19.5%	21.9%
1979	19.2%	21.4%
1980	18.8%	21%
1981	18.4%	20.6%
1982	18.1%	20.2%
1983	17.8%	19.8%
1984	17.5%	19.5%
1985	17.2%	19.3%
1986	17%	19.1%
1987	16.9%	18.9%
1988	17%	18.9%
1989	17.2%	19.1%
1990	17.4%	19.1%
1991	17.6%	19.3%
1992	17.8%	19.4%
1993	18%	19.5%
1994	18.3%	19.6%
1995	18.4%	19.5%
1996	18.6%	19.4%
1997	18.7%	19.3%
1998	18.8%	19.3%
1999	18.9%	19.2%
2000	18.9%	18.9%
2001	18.9%	18.7%
2002	18.9%	18.5%
2003	18.8%	18.4%
2004	18.7%	18.3%
2005	18.5%	18.2%
2006	18.4%	18%
2007	18.2%	17.9%
2008	18%	17.8%
2009	17.8%	17.8%
2010	17.7%	17.8%
2011	17.4%	17.7%
2012	17.1%	17.8%
2013	16.9%	17.8%
2014	16.7%	17.8%
2015	16.6%	17.9%
2016	16.4%	18%
2017	16.2%	18%
2018	16.1%	18.1%
2019	16%	18%
2020	16%	18%
2021	15.9%	17.8%
2022	15.9%	17.6%
2023	15.8%	17.4%
2024	15.8%	17.2%
2025	15.7%	17%
2026	15.7%	16.7%
2027	15.7%	16.5%
2028	15.6%	16.2%
2029	15.5%	16%
2030	15.4%	15.7%
2031	15.3%	15.5%
2032	15.2%	15.3%
2033	15.1%	15.2%
2034	15%	15.1%
2035	14.9%	15%
2036	14.7%	14.9%
2037	14.6%	14.9%
2038	14.5%	14.8%
2039	14.3%	14.8%
2040	14.2%	14.8%
2041	14%	14.8%
2042	13.9%	14.8%
2043	13.8%	14.9%
2044	13.7%	14.9%
2045	13.6%	14.9%
2046	13.5%	15%
2047	13.5%	15%
2048	13.5%	15%
2049	13.5%	15%
2050	13.5%	15.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.8% of the population in Luxembourg and 17.2% in the United Kingdom in 2024, compared to 17.4% and 19.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Luxembourg and the United Kingdom compared.

Natural population change in Luxembourg vs United Kingdom by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.33% in Luxembourg and +0.16% in the United Kingdom. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Luxembourg	United Kingdom
1960	1,319	314,400
1961	1,489	311,519
1962	1,091	340,800
1963	1,199	337,995
1964	1,377	405,000
1965	1,260	364,132
1966	1,168	333,356
1967	837	346,145
1968	604	292,622
1969	303	260,577
1970	272	244,918
1971	69	257,123
1972	-35	162,650
1973	-421	112,389
1974	-390	67,476
1975	-395	33,735
1976	-578	-5,621
1977	-36	0
1978	-145	16,859
1979	72	61,872
1980	37	95,734
1981	329	73,234
1982	183	56,314
1983	37	61,966
1984	146	84,633
1985	74	79,170
1986	331	90,690
1987	222	136,325
1988	747	136,628
1989	679	119,861
1990	1,145	154,569
1991	1,239	143,562
1992	1,098	149,709
1993	1,470	103,893
1994	1,652	127,304
1995	1,634	87,028
1996	1,781	98,884
1997	1,552	99,138
1998	1,486	87,730
1999	1,808	64,551
2000	1,963	70,671
2001	1,766	65,032
2002	1,607	65,308
2003	1,220	89,471
2004	1,878	131,974
2005	1,721	144,963
2006	1,748	176,455
2007	1,584	196,232
2008	2,003	216,325
2009	1,991	230,422
2010	2,129	251,066
2011	1,814	259,361
2012	2,124	248,473
2013	2,336	198,830
2014	2,225	206,784
2015	2,107	175,738
2016	2,095	177,139
2017	1,968	145,125
2018	1,945	119,321
2019	1,922	108,342
2020	1,828	-4,272
2021	2,240	30,612
2022	2,024	39,751
2023	1,933	34,589

Maternal mortality chart: Luxembourg vs United Kingdom

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 11 deaths per 100,000 live births in Luxembourg, compared to 8 deaths in the United Kingdom.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Luxembourg	United Kingdom
1985	24	2
1986	24	2
1987	23	3
1988	24	4
1989	21	5
1990	24	6
1991	25	7
1992	26	7
1993	20	8
1994	20	9
1995	22	9
1996	23	8
1997	22	9
1998	18	10
1999	21	11
2000	18	12
2001	19	13
2002	17	13
2003	15	14
2004	17	13
2005	17	12
2006	16	12
2007	14	11
2008	13	11
2009	15	11
2010	17	10
2011	13	10
2012	13	9
2013	15	9
2014	13	9
2015	13	9
2016	13	9
2017	15	9
2018	9	9
2019	12	9
2020	6	14
2021	6	13
2022	6	15
2023	11	8

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.23% in Luxembourg and 0.45% in the United Kingdom. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Luxembourg	United Kingdom
1960	3.72%	2.66%
1961	3.54%	2.61%
1962	3.36%	2.56%
1963	3.2%	2.49%
1964	3.04%	2.42%
1965	2.89%	2.34%
1966	2.75%	2.28%
1967	2.61%	2.22%
1968	2.48%	2.18%
1969	2.36%	2.14%
1970	2.24%	2.1%
1971	2.11%	2.06%
1972	1.99%	2%
1973	1.88%	1.94%
1974	1.77%	1.87%
1975	1.67%	1.8%
1976	1.58%	1.72%
1977	1.51%	1.64%
1978	1.44%	1.57%
1979	1.39%	1.49%
1980	1.34%	1.41%
1981	1.29%	1.34%
1982	1.25%	1.27%
1983	1.21%	1.22%
1984	1.16%	1.17%
1985	1.12%	1.14%
1986	1.07%	1.11%
1987	1.02%	1.08%
1988	0.97%	1.04%
1989	0.93%	0.99%
1990	0.88%	0.93%
1991	0.83%	0.87%
1992	0.78%	0.82%
1993	0.73%	0.77%
1994	0.68%	0.74%
1995	0.64%	0.72%
1996	0.6%	0.7%
1997	0.56%	0.69%
1998	0.53%	0.68%
1999	0.5%	0.67%
2000	0.47%	0.65%
2001	0.44%	0.64%
2002	0.42%	0.63%
2003	0.39%	0.63%
2004	0.37%	0.61%
2005	0.35%	0.6%
2006	0.33%	0.59%
2007	0.31%	0.58%
2008	0.3%	0.56%
2009	0.29%	0.54%
2010	0.28%	0.52%
2011	0.27%	0.5%
2012	0.27%	0.48%
2013	0.26%	0.46%
2014	0.26%	0.45%
2015	0.26%	0.45%
2016	0.25%	0.44%
2017	0.25%	0.44%
2018	0.25%	0.44%
2019	0.25%	0.44%
2020	0.25%	0.44%
2021	0.24%	0.44%
2022	0.24%	0.45%
2023	0.23%	0.45%