Afghanistan has a population of 42.6M (ranked 36/197), compared with 1.87M in Latvia (ranked 149/197). Afghanistan's land area is 251,827 sq mi versus 24,027 sq mi for Latvia (ranked 40th vs. 121st).
By GDP, Afghanistan ranks 137/197 ($17.2B) and Latvia ranks 99/197 ($43.7B). By GDP per capita, Afghanistan ranks 196/197 ($414), while Latvia ranks 54/197 ($23,409).
Main facts and rankings
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
45409324
|
1829763
|
| Population rank | 36/197 | 149/197 |
| GDP |
$17.2B
2023 |
$43.7B
2024 |
| GDP rank | 137/197 | 99/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$414
2023 |
$23,409
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank | 196/197 | 54/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$2,202
2023 |
$43,394
2024 |
| Government debt |
$1.44B
2023 |
$20.4B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
8.8%
2024 |
46.8%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$34.8
2023 |
$10,945
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | 185/185 | 53/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,869
2026 |
$17,033
2026 |
| Land area | 251,827 sq mi | 24,027 sq mi |
| Population density |
179 ppl/mi²
2026 |
76.2 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
4.84
2023 |
1.36
2023 |
| Median age |
18.2 years
2024 |
44.3 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
66.8 years
2026 |
76.6 years
2026 |
Afghanistan and Latvia: Comparison Charts
Afghanistan and Latvia economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2024 | - | $43,684,254,432 |
| 2023 | $17,152,234,637 | $42,779,550,937 |
| 2022 | $14,497,243,872 | $38,003,198,509 |
| 2021 | $14,259,995,441 | $38,183,326,785 |
| 2020 | $19,955,929,052 | $33,379,927,435 |
| 2019 | $18,799,444,490 | $33,099,503,951 |
| 2018 | $18,053,222,687 | $33,247,935,477 |
| 2017 | $18,753,456,498 | $29,391,059,767 |
| 2016 | $18,116,572,395 | $27,117,105,060 |
| 2015 | $19,134,221,645 | $26,344,565,877 |
| 2014 | $20,497,128,556 | $30,277,203,767 |
| 2013 | $20,146,416,758 | $29,152,128,168 |
| 2012 | $19,907,329,778 | $27,116,149,949 |
| 2011 | $17,805,098,206 | $26,575,547,901 |
| 2010 | $15,856,668,556 | $23,468,324,572 |
| 2009 | $12,416,152,732 | $25,691,530,442 |
| 2008 | $10,109,297,048 | $34,135,200,994 |
| 2007 | $9,747,886,187 | $29,420,499,248 |
| 2006 | $6,971,758,282 | $20,434,922,247 |
| 2005 | $6,203,256,539 | $16,306,935,905 |
| 2004 | $5,224,896,719 | $13,827,070,379 |
| 2003 | $4,520,946,819 | $11,244,337,720 |
| 2002 | $3,825,701,439 | $9,249,030,241 |
| 2001 | $2,813,571,754 | $8,190,888,740 |
| 2000 | $3,521,418,060 | $7,761,252,607 |
| 1999 | - | $7,324,192,890 |
| 1998 | - | $6,974,112,951 |
| 1997 | - | $6,349,481,007 |
| 1996 | - | $5,799,465,288 |
| 1995 | - | $5,608,208,785 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1995–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY 
Afghanistan and Latvia economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2024 | - | $23,409 |
| 2023 | $414 | $22,710 |
| 2022 | $357 | $20,221 |
| 2021 | $356 | $20,262 |
| 2020 | $511 | $17,564 |
| 2019 | $497 | $17,295 |
| 2018 | $491 | $17,252 |
| 2017 | $525 | $15,132 |
| 2016 | $522 | $13,839 |
| 2015 | $566 | $13,322 |
| 2014 | $625 | $15,186 |
| 2013 | $637 | $14,484 |
| 2012 | $651 | $13,329 |
| 2011 | $607 | $12,903 |
| 2010 | $561 | $11,188 |
| 2009 | $452 | $11,996 |
| 2008 | $382 | $15,678 |
| 2007 | $376 | $13,371 |
| 2006 | $274.2 | $9,212 |
| 2005 | $254.2 | $7,284 |
| 2004 | $221.8 | $6,110 |
| 2003 | $198.9 | $4,915 |
| 2002 | $179 | $4,004 |
| 2001 | $138.7 | $3,505 |
| 2000 | $174.9 | $3,278 |
| 1999 | - | $3,064 |
| 1998 | - | $2,894 |
| 1997 | - | $2,610 |
| 1996 | - | $2,360 |
| 1995 | - | $2,257 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1995–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY
Afghanistan vs. Latvia life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2026 | 66.8 | 76.6 |
| 2025 | 66.5 | 76.5 |
| 2024 | 66.3 | 76.3 |
| 2023 | 66 | 76.2 |
| 2022 | 65.6 | 74.9 |
| 2021 | 60.4 | 73.2 |
| 2020 | 61.5 | 75.5 |
| 2019 | 62.9 | 75.6 |
| 2018 | 62.4 | 75 |
| 2017 | 62.4 | 74.8 |
| 2016 | 62.6 | 74.8 |
| 2015 | 62.3 | 74.7 |
| 2014 | 62.3 | 74.3 |
| 2013 | 62.2 | 74.2 |
| 2012 | 61.7 | 73.9 |
| 2011 | 61.3 | 73.7 |
| 2010 | 60.7 | 73 |
| 2009 | 60.2 | 72.7 |
| 2008 | 59.7 | 72 |
| 2007 | 59 | 70.8 |
| 2006 | 58.6 | 70.6 |
| 2005 | 58.2 | 70.6 |
| 2004 | 57.8 | 70.9 |
| 2003 | 57.2 | 70.6 |
| 2002 | 56.2 | 70.2 |
| 2001 | 55.5 | 69.9 |
| 2000 | 55 | 70.2 |
| 1999 | 54.5 | 69.6 |
| 1998 | 52.5 | 68.9 |
| 1997 | 53.2 | 69.2 |
| 1996 | 52.8 | 68.6 |
| 1995 | 52.1 | 66 |
| 1994 | 51 | 65.2 |
| 1993 | 51 | 66.6 |
| 1992 | 46.6 | 68.5 |
| 1991 | 45.5 | 69.2 |
| 1990 | 45.1 | 69.5 |
| 1989 | 44.5 | 70.4 |
| 1988 | 43.2 | 70.9 |
| 1987 | 38.8 | 71 |
| 1986 | 38.4 | 71 |
| 1985 | 32.1 | 69.6 |
| 1984 | 31.5 | 69.4 |
| 1983 | 36.5 | 69.4 |
| 1982 | 36.1 | 69.6 |
| 1981 | 39.4 | 69.1 |
| 1980 | 39.3 | 69.1 |
| 1979 | 38.8 | 68.8 |
| 1978 | 40.1 | 69.3 |
| 1977 | 41.1 | 69.4 |
| 1976 | 40.5 | 69.4 |
| 1975 | 40 | 69.3 |
| 1974 | 39.5 | 70.1 |
| 1973 | 39 | 70.2 |
| 1972 | 38.4 | 70.3 |
| 1971 | 37.9 | 70.6 |
| 1970 | 37.5 | 70.2 |
| 1969 | 37 | 70.2 |
| 1968 | 36.5 | 70.5 |
| 1967 | 36 | 70.9 |
| 1966 | 35.6 | 71.2 |
| 1965 | 35.1 | 71.2 |
| 1964 | 34.7 | 71.5 |
| 1963 | 34.2 | 70.3 |
| 1962 | 33.8 | 69.9 |
| 1961 | 33.3 | 70.5 |
| 1960 | 32.8 | 70.3 |
| 1959 | 32.3 | 69.5 |
| 1958 | 31.8 | 68.9 |
| 1957 | 31.3 | 68.3 |
| 1956 | 30.8 | 67.6 |
| 1955 | 30.4 | 67.1 |
| 1954 | 29.7 | 66.7 |
| 1953 | 29.5 | 66.2 |
| 1952 | 29 | 65.7 |
| 1951 | 28.6 | 65.2 |
| 1950 | 28.2 | 64.6 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY
Afghanistan and Latvia population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2024 | 42,647,492 | 1,866,124 |
| 2023 | 41,454,761 | 1,883,710 |
| 2022 | 40,578,842 | 1,879,383 |
| 2021 | 40,000,412 | 1,884,490 |
| 2020 | 39,068,979 | 1,900,449 |
| 2019 | 37,856,121 | 1,913,822 |
| 2018 | 36,743,039 | 1,927,174 |
| 2017 | 35,688,935 | 1,942,248 |
| 2016 | 34,700,612 | 1,959,537 |
| 2015 | 33,831,764 | 1,977,527 |
| 2014 | 32,792,523 | 1,993,782 |
| 2013 | 31,622,704 | 2,012,647 |
| 2012 | 30,560,034 | 2,034,319 |
| 2011 | 29,347,708 | 2,059,709 |
| 2010 | 28,284,089 | 2,097,555 |
| 2009 | 27,466,101 | 2,141,669 |
| 2008 | 26,482,622 | 2,177,322 |
| 2007 | 25,909,852 | 2,200,325 |
| 2006 | 25,424,094 | 2,218,357 |
| 2005 | 24,404,567 | 2,238,799 |
| 2004 | 23,560,654 | 2,263,122 |
| 2003 | 22,733,049 | 2,287,955 |
| 2002 | 21,378,117 | 2,310,173 |
| 2001 | 20,284,307 | 2,337,170 |
| 2000 | 20,130,327 | 2,367,550 |
| 1999 | 19,887,785 | 2,390,482 |
| 1998 | 19,159,996 | 2,410,019 |
| 1997 | 18,452,091 | 2,432,851 |
| 1996 | 17,763,266 | 2,457,222 |
| 1995 | 17,065,836 | 2,485,056 |
| 1994 | 16,250,794 | 2,520,742 |
| 1993 | 14,943,172 | 2,563,290 |
| 1992 | 13,278,974 | 2,614,338 |
| 1991 | 12,238,879 | 2,650,581 |
| 1990 | 12,045,660 | 2,663,151 |
| 1989 | 11,874,088 | 2,666,955 |
| 1988 | 11,523,298 | 2,653,434 |
| 1987 | 11,387,818 | 2,626,583 |
| 1986 | 11,420,074 | 2,599,892 |
| 1985 | 11,426,852 | 2,578,873 |
| 1984 | 11,190,221 | 2,562,047 |
| 1983 | 10,917,982 | 2,546,011 |
| 1982 | 10,991,378 | 2,531,080 |
| 1981 | 11,937,581 | 2,519,421 |
| 1980 | 13,169,311 | 2,511,701 |
| 1979 | 13,655,567 | 2,505,953 |
| 1978 | 13,611,441 | 2,497,921 |
| 1977 | 13,340,756 | 2,485,073 |
| 1976 | 13,059,851 | 2,470,989 |
| 1975 | 12,773,954 | 2,456,130 |
| 1974 | 12,469,127 | 2,437,186 |
| 1973 | 12,157,999 | 2,415,819 |
| 1972 | 11,853,696 | 2,395,674 |
| 1971 | 11,567,667 | 2,376,389 |
| 1970 | 11,290,128 | 2,359,164 |
| 1969 | 11,017,409 | 2,343,173 |
| 1968 | 10,756,922 | 2,323,619 |
| 1967 | 10,505,959 | 2,301,220 |
| 1966 | 10,266,395 | 2,283,217 |
| 1965 | 10,036,008 | 2,265,919 |
| 1964 | 9,814,318 | 2,240,623 |
| 1963 | 9,604,487 | 2,210,919 |
| 1962 | 9,404,406 | 2,181,586 |
| 1961 | 9,214,083 | 2,152,681 |
| 1960 | 9,035,043 | 2,120,979 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY
Fertility rates in Afghanistan and Latvia
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2023 | 4.84 | 1.36 |
| 2022 | 4.93 | 1.47 |
| 2021 | 5.04 | 1.57 |
| 2020 | 5.15 | 1.55 |
| 2019 | 5.24 | 1.61 |
| 2018 | 5.33 | 1.6 |
| 2017 | 5.43 | 1.69 |
| 2016 | 5.54 | 1.74 |
| 2015 | 5.65 | 1.7 |
| 2014 | 5.77 | 1.65 |
| 2013 | 5.88 | 1.52 |
| 2012 | 5.99 | 1.44 |
| 2011 | 6.09 | 1.33 |
| 2010 | 6.2 | 1.36 |
| 2009 | 6.3 | 1.46 |
| 2008 | 6.39 | 1.58 |
| 2007 | 6.51 | 1.54 |
| 2006 | 6.69 | 1.46 |
| 2005 | 6.86 | 1.39 |
| 2004 | 7.02 | 1.29 |
| 2003 | 7.17 | 1.32 |
| 2002 | 7.32 | 1.26 |
| 2001 | 7.45 | 1.22 |
| 2000 | 7.57 | 1.25 |
| 1999 | 7.64 | 1.16 |
| 1998 | 7.69 | 1.09 |
| 1997 | 7.73 | 1.11 |
| 1996 | 7.76 | 1.16 |
| 1995 | 7.77 | 1.25 |
| 1994 | 7.77 | 1.39 |
| 1993 | 7.76 | 1.51 |
| 1992 | 7.7 | 1.73 |
| 1991 | 7.63 | 1.86 |
| 1990 | 7.58 | 2.02 |
| 1989 | 7.56 | 2.05 |
| 1988 | 7.55 | 2.11 |
| 1987 | 7.55 | 2.15 |
| 1986 | 7.55 | 2.12 |
| 1985 | 7.55 | 2.08 |
| 1984 | 7.55 | 2.09 |
| 1983 | 7.57 | 2.07 |
| 1982 | 7.6 | 1.97 |
| 1981 | 7.62 | 1.88 |
| 1980 | 7.64 | 1.86 |
| 1979 | 7.61 | 1.87 |
| 1978 | 7.6 | 1.87 |
| 1977 | 7.59 | 1.89 |
| 1976 | 7.56 | 1.93 |
| 1975 | 7.54 | 1.96 |
| 1974 | 7.53 | 1.97 |
| 1973 | 7.49 | 1.98 |
| 1972 | 7.45 | 2 |
| 1971 | 7.43 | 2 |
| 1970 | 7.4 | 1.96 |
| 1969 | 7.39 | 1.88 |
| 1968 | 7.36 | 1.83 |
| 1967 | 7.34 | 1.8 |
| 1966 | 7.32 | 1.76 |
| 1965 | 7.31 | 1.74 |
| 1964 | 7.3 | 1.79 |
| 1963 | 7.3 | 1.85 |
| 1962 | 7.29 | 1.91 |
| 1961 | 7.28 | 1.94 |
| 1960 | 7.28 | 1.94 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY
Afghanistan and Latvia demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
| 2024 | 18.2 | 44.3 |
| 2023 | 18 | 44.1 |
| 2022 | 17.8 | 44 |
| 2021 | 17.6 | 43.9 |
| 2020 | 17.5 | 43.8 |
| 2019 | 17.3 | 43.6 |
| 2018 | 17.1 | 43.4 |
| 2017 | 17 | 43.2 |
| 2016 | 16.8 | 43 |
| 2015 | 16.6 | 42.8 |
| 2014 | 16.4 | 42.5 |
| 2013 | 16.2 | 42.3 |
| 2012 | 16 | 42 |
| 2011 | 15.9 | 41.6 |
| 2010 | 15.7 | 41.1 |
| 2009 | 15.5 | 40.5 |
| 2008 | 15.3 | 40.1 |
| 2007 | 15.2 | 39.9 |
| 2006 | 15.1 | 39.7 |
| 2005 | 15 | 39.4 |
| 2004 | 14.9 | 39.2 |
| 2003 | 14.9 | 38.9 |
| 2002 | 14.9 | 38.6 |
| 2001 | 14.9 | 38.3 |
| 2000 | 15 | 37.9 |
| 1999 | 15.1 | 37.6 |
| 1998 | 15.2 | 37.3 |
| 1997 | 15.3 | 36.9 |
| 1996 | 15.5 | 36.6 |
| 1995 | 15.6 | 36.2 |
| 1994 | 15.7 | 36 |
| 1993 | 15.8 | 35.6 |
| 1992 | 15.9 | 35.2 |
| 1991 | 16 | 34.8 |
| 1990 | 16.1 | 34.6 |
| 1989 | 16.1 | 34.5 |
| 1988 | 16.2 | 34.6 |
| 1987 | 16.3 | 34.6 |
| 1986 | 16.3 | 34.7 |
| 1985 | 16.4 | 34.7 |
| 1984 | 16.5 | 34.7 |
| 1983 | 16.6 | 34.6 |
| 1982 | 16.7 | 34.7 |
| 1981 | 16.8 | 34.8 |
| 1980 | 16.9 | 34.9 |
| 1979 | 17 | 35.1 |
| 1978 | 17.2 | 35.1 |
| 1977 | 17.3 | 35.1 |
| 1976 | 17.4 | 35 |
| 1975 | 17.5 | 34.9 |
| 1974 | 17.6 | 34.7 |
| 1973 | 17.7 | 34.6 |
| 1972 | 17.8 | 34.5 |
| 1971 | 17.9 | 34.3 |
| 1970 | 18.1 | 34.2 |
| 1969 | 18.2 | 34.1 |
| 1968 | 18.3 | 34 |
| 1967 | 18.4 | 33.8 |
| 1966 | 18.5 | 33.5 |
| 1965 | 18.6 | 33.2 |
| 1964 | 18.6 | 33 |
| 1963 | 18.7 | 32.8 |
| 1962 | 18.8 | 32.6 |
| 1961 | 18.9 | 32.4 |
| 1960 | 18.9 | 32.3 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/afghanistan/latvia | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Afghanistan and Latvia.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$15.5B
2023 |
$40.4B
2024 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
19.4%
2024 |
44.5%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.34%
2017 |
4.32%
2022 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.83%
2021 |
3.26%
2024 |
| Armed forces personnel |
165,000
2020 |
9,000
2020 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-0.54%
2024 |
-1.82%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
5.68%
2021 |
6.88%
2024 |
| Services, % of GDP |
46.4%
2023 |
64.6%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
13.4%
2023 |
18.5%
2024 |
| Economic freedom index |
53
2021 |
71.6
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% | n/a |
26.2%
2023 |
| Income share by poorest 10% | n/a |
2.6%
2023 |
| Listed domestic companies | n/a |
56
2003 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$9.75B
2020 |
$5.14B
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$320M
2024 |
$1.34B
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals | n/a |
3,204,000
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
5.08%
2020 |
7.25%
2007 |
| Banked people share |
9.65%
2021 |
95%
2024 |
Energy
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita | n/a |
2,240 kg
2023 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use | n/a |
$19
2023 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
12.1 megatons
2024 |
6.81 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
0.28 tons
2024 |
3.65 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share | n/a |
47.8%
2023 |
| Renewable energy use share |
20%
2022 |
44%
2021 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share | n/a |
8.79%
2023 |
| Net energy imports use share | n/a |
34.3%
2023 |
| Electric power consumption per capita | n/a |
3,617 kWh
2023 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
78.2%
2021 |
63.6%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
71.7%
2021 |
59.4%
2023 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Electricity access |
85.3%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.52%
2024 |
0.02%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
-74,404
2025 |
-7,330
2025 |
| Urban population |
25.7%
2024 |
68.5%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50.5:49.5
2024 |
46.4:53.6
2024 |
| Average male height |
5.53 ft
2025 |
5.94 ft
2025 |
| Average female height |
5.12 ft
2025 |
5.54 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
15.5
2026 |
75.4
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
16
2025 |
60
2025 |
| Higher education index |
20
2026 |
70
2026 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
4.02
2021 |
2.5
2023 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
15.9
2019 |
8.1
2019 |
| Visa free countries |
36
2025 |
171
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
37.3%
2021 |
99.9%
2021 |
| English speaking |
6%
2023 |
45.9%
2023 |
| People using the Internet |
17.7%
2023 |
92.7%
2024 |
Health
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$59.1
2023 |
$1,645
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$45.6
2023 |
$577
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
66.8 years
2026 |
76.6 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
21.2%
2023 |
0.14%
2023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
0.32
2023 |
3.4
2022 |
| Age at first childbirth |
19.9 years
2025 |
28 years
2023 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
521
2023 |
19
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
55.5
2023 |
3
2023 |
| Obesity rate |
19.6%
2022 |
24.9%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
11.7%
2024 |
7.1%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
3
2026 |
75
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
22.7%
2022 |
33.9%
2022 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
0.01 liters
2020 |
12.9 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
Afghanistan
|
Latvia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.44%
2026 |
0.04%
2026 |
| Land area per capita |
5,905 sq mi
2024 |
12,875 sq mi
2024 |
| Agricultural land area |
147,167 sq mi
2026 |
7,610 sq mi
2026 |
| Forest area |
4,666 sq mi
2026 |
13,214 sq mi
2026 |
| Roads length |
21,688 mi
2021 |
n/a |
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
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