Fertility & birth rates in Russia and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in Russia vs Turkmenistan by year

Chart Table

Russia

Turkmenistan

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2023	1.41	2.69
2022	1.42	2.73
2021	1.51	2.75
2020	1.51	2.79
2019	1.5	2.83
2018	1.58	2.88
2017	1.62	2.93
2016	1.76	2.99
2015	1.78	3.03
2014	1.75	3.02
2013	1.71	3.01
2012	1.69	2.96
2011	1.58	2.9
2010	1.57	2.85
2009	1.54	2.79
2008	1.5	2.75
2007	1.42	2.73
2006	1.31	2.72
2005	1.29	2.71
2004	1.34	2.67
2003	1.32	2.67
2002	1.29	2.71
2001	1.22	2.81
2000	1.2	2.9
1999	1.16	2.98
1998	1.23	3.08
1997	1.22	3.18
1996	1.27	3.29
1995	1.34	3.49
1994	1.4	3.62
1993	1.39	3.78
1992	1.55	3.96
1991	1.73	4.14
1990	1.89	4.29
1989	2.01	4.46
1988	2.12	4.68
1987	2.22	4.84
1986	2.15	4.94
1985	2.05	4.97
1984	2.06	4.96
1983	2.11	4.97
1982	2.04	5.04
1981	1.91	5.16
1980	1.89	5.3
1979	1.9	5.46
1978	1.92	5.61
1977	1.95	5.77
1976	1.97	5.9
1975	1.98	6
1974	2	6.09
1973	2.01	6.15
1972	2.04	6.2
1971	2.03	6.32
1970	1.99	6.4
1969	1.97	6.48
1968	1.99	6.56
1967	2.04	6.64
1966	2.1	6.7
1965	2.13	6.76
1964	2.18	6.79
1963	2.27	6.79
1962	2.36	6.76
1961	2.45	6.69
1960	2.52	6.59

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Russia was 1.41 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Russia vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Russia

Turkmenistan

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2023	-503,392	117,529
2022	-576,948	121,814
2021	-1,027,702	122,721
2020	-697,177	124,014
2019	-319,997	128,275
2018	-232,637	129,537
2017	-130,764	131,417
2016	0	132,581
2015	43,392	132,663
2014	28,848	129,677
2013	28,761	126,217
2012	0	120,957
2011	-128,716	115,197
2010	-242,844	109,318
2009	-257,014	102,931
2008	-356,856	96,815
2007	-471,257	92,038
2006	-686,638	87,840
2005	-846,761	83,968
2004	-792,370	79,850
2003	-896,822	76,737
2002	-944,492	75,639
2001	-963,445	76,682
2000	-967,540	76,875
1999	-927,453	76,362
1998	-694,053	77,342
1997	-769,159	79,045
1996	-785,248	80,996
1995	-845,742	86,289
1994	-920,129	89,319
1993	-757,140	92,596
1992	-222,808	96,668
1991	103,876	99,297
1990	325,533	101,099
1989	576,112	103,553
1988	778,343	104,802
1987	977,583	103,885
1986	985,279	100,930
1985	762,447	95,890
1984	756,548	90,591
1983	906,676	85,183
1982	830,855	80,989
1981	713,700	77,829
1980	681,149	74,394
1979	690,135	71,135
1978	812,766	68,437
1977	832,932	66,318
1976	852,237	64,513
1975	843,850	62,681
1974	883,186	60,925
1973	846,561	59,169
1972	872,050	57,326
1971	854,999	56,666
1970	785,554	55,617
1969	753,088	54,791
1968	787,621	54,324
1967	854,554	54,209
1966	989,279	54,353
1965	1,059,335	54,558
1964	1,233,520	54,574
1963	1,436,077	54,203
1962	1,573,701	53,248
1961	1,810,538	51,659
1960	1,962,834	49,436

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.35% in Russia and +1.6% in Turkmenistan.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.24% in Russia and +1.9% in Turkmenistan.

Birth rate in Russia vs Turkmenistan by year

Chart Table

Russia

Turkmenistan

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2023	8.6	21.7
2022	8.9	22.6
2021	9.6	23.3
2020	9.8	24.1
2019	10.1	24.8
2018	10.9	25.5
2017	11.5	26.3
2016	12.9	26.9
2015	13.3	27.5
2014	13.3	27.5
2013	13.2	27.4
2012	13.3	26.9
2011	12.6	26.3
2010	12.5	25.7
2009	12.3	25.1
2008	12	24.4
2007	11.3	24
2006	10.3	23.7
2005	10.2	23.3
2004	10.4	22.8
2003	10.2	22.4
2002	9.7	22.6
2001	9	23.2
2000	8.7	23.7
1999	8.3	24.1
1998	8.8	24.9
1997	8.6	25.7
1996	8.9	26.6
1995	9.3	28.3
1994	9.5	29.5
1993	9.4	30.8
1992	10.7	32.4
1991	12.1	33.7
1990	13.4	34.9
1989	14.6	36.5
1988	16	37.8
1987	17.2	38.6
1986	17.2	38.9
1985	16.6	38.4
1984	16.9	37.8
1983	17.5	37
1982	16.6	36.5
1981	16	36.5
1980	15.9	36.4
1979	15.8	36.4
1978	16.3	36.5
1977	16.3	36.7
1976	16.2	36.8
1975	16	36.8
1974	15.9	36.9
1973	15.4	37
1972	15.6	37.1
1971	15.3	37.7
1970	14.7	38.2
1969	14.3	38.8
1968	14.2	39.7
1967	14.6	40.8
1966	15.4	42.2
1965	15.9	43.6
1964	17.2	45
1963	19	46.2
1962	20.5	47.1
1961	22.5	47.5
1960	23.9	47.4

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.6 in Russia and 21.7 in Turkmenistan, compared with 23.9 and 47.4, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Russia

Factual

UN forecast

Turkmenistan

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2100	14.2%	15.5%
2099	14.3%	15.6%
2098	14.3%	15.7%
2097	14.4%	15.8%
2096	14.5%	15.9%
2095	14.5%	16%
2094	14.6%	16.2%
2093	14.7%	16.3%
2092	14.8%	16.5%
2091	14.9%	16.6%
2090	15%	16.8%
2089	15.1%	16.9%
2088	15.2%	17.1%
2087	15.2%	17.2%
2086	15.2%	17.4%
2085	15.3%	17.5%
2084	15.3%	17.7%
2083	15.2%	17.8%
2082	15.2%	17.9%
2081	15.2%	18%
2080	15.1%	18%
2079	15%	18.1%
2078	14.9%	18.2%
2077	14.8%	18.2%
2076	14.7%	18.2%
2075	14.6%	18.3%
2074	14.5%	18.3%
2073	14.4%	18.4%
2072	14.3%	18.4%
2071	14.3%	18.5%
2070	14.3%	18.6%
2069	14.2%	18.7%
2068	14.3%	18.9%
2067	14.3%	19%
2066	14.4%	19.2%
2065	14.5%	19.5%
2064	14.6%	19.7%
2063	14.7%	20%
2062	14.9%	20.2%
2061	15.1%	20.5%
2060	15.2%	20.8%
2059	15.4%	21.1%
2058	15.5%	21.4%
2057	15.6%	21.7%
2056	15.7%	22%
2055	15.8%	22.2%
2054	15.8%	22.4%
2053	15.8%	22.6%
2052	15.8%	22.8%
2051	15.7%	22.9%
2050	15.6%	23%
2049	15.5%	23%
2048	15.3%	23%
2047	15.1%	23%
2046	14.9%	23%
2045	14.7%	23%
2044	14.5%	23%
2043	14.3%	23.1%
2042	14.1%	23.2%
2041	13.9%	23.3%
2040	13.8%	23.5%
2039	13.7%	23.8%
2038	13.6%	24.2%
2037	13.6%	24.6%
2036	13.6%	25%
2035	13.7%	25.5%
2034	13.9%	26.1%
2033	14.1%	26.7%
2032	14.4%	27.4%
2031	14.8%	28.1%
2030	15.3%	28.7%
2029	15.7%	29.4%
2028	16.1%	30%
2027	16.6%	30.6%
2026	16.9%	31%
2025	17.2%	31.4%
2024	17.3%	31.5%
2023	17.5%	31.7%
2022	17.7%	31.7%
2021	17.7%	31.5%
2020	17.7%	31.2%
2019	17.6%	30.9%
2018	17.6%	30.5%
2017	17.5%	30.2%
2016	17.2%	29.9%
2015	16.9%	29.7%
2014	16.5%	29.6%
2013	16.1%	29.6%
2012	15.7%	29.7%
2011	15.4%	30%
2010	15.2%	30.3%
2009	15%	30.8%
2008	14.9%	31.3%
2007	14.8%	31.9%
2006	14.9%	32.6%
2005	15.2%	33.3%
2004	15.6%	34%
2003	16%	34.8%
2002	16.6%	35.6%
2001	17.3%	36.4%
2000	18%	37.3%
1999	18.8%	38.1%
1998	19.5%	38.9%
1997	20.2%	39.6%
1996	20.7%	40.2%
1995	21.2%	40.5%
1994	21.6%	40.8%
1993	22%	41%
1992	22.4%	41.1%
1991	22.7%	41.2%
1990	22.9%	41.2%
1989	23%	41.2%
1988	23%	41.1%
1987	22.9%	41%
1986	22.8%	40.8%
1985	22.6%	40.7%
1984	22.4%	40.7%
1983	22.1%	40.7%
1982	21.9%	40.8%
1981	21.7%	41%
1980	21.7%	41.3%
1979	21.7%	41.6%
1978	21.8%	42.1%
1977	22.1%	42.5%
1976	22.5%	43%
1975	23%	43.4%
1974	23.6%	43.9%
1973	24.2%	44.4%
1972	24.8%	44.8%
1971	25.4%	45.1%
1970	26.1%	45.4%
1969	26.9%	45.5%
1968	27.6%	45.6%
1967	28.3%	45.4%
1966	28.9%	45.2%
1965	29.5%	44.9%
1964	30.2%	44.5%
1963	30.6%	43.8%
1962	30.8%	42.8%
1961	30.9%	41.7%
1960	30.5%	40.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.3% of the population in Russia and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 22.9% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Russia and Turkmenistan compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Russia vs Turkmenistan

Chart Table

Russia

Turkmenistan

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2023	9	5
2022	13	5
2021	21	6
2020	19	5
2019	12	5
2018	12	5
2017	12	5
2016	14	6
2015	15	6
2014	16	6
2013	16	7
2012	18	7
2011	19	8
2010	23	9
2009	24	10
2008	27	11
2007	29	13
2006	32	14
2005	38	15
2004	41	17
2003	45	18
2002	47	20
2001	48	22
2000	51	25
1999	53	29
1998	53	34
1997	59	40
1996	69	46
1995	82	50
1994	85	54
1993	76	56
1992	62	58
1991	57	60
1990	58	62
1989	61	65
1988	63	69
1987	65	72
1986	69	75
1985	81	77

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 9 deaths per 100,000 live births in Russia, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Russia

Turkmenistan

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Russia	Turkmenistan
2023	0.45%	4%
2022	0.47%	4.1%
2021	0.51%	4.18%
2020	0.54%	4.26%
2019	0.58%	4.33%
2018	0.63%	4.36%
2017	0.69%	4.37%
2016	0.75%	4.33%
2015	0.82%	4.29%
2014	0.89%	4.25%
2013	0.95%	4.25%
2012	0.99%	4.25%
2011	1.02%	4.29%
2010	1.04%	4.36%
2009	1.07%	4.45%
2008	1.13%	4.6%
2007	1.2%	4.77%
2006	1.29%	4.99%
2005	1.39%	5.25%
2004	1.5%	5.56%
2003	1.61%	5.88%
2002	1.73%	6.24%
2001	1.84%	6.61%
2000	1.94%	6.97%
1999	2.02%	7.31%
1998	2.08%	7.59%
1997	2.13%	7.79%
1996	2.17%	7.9%
1995	2.2%	7.94%
1994	2.2%	7.92%
1993	2.19%	7.87%
1992	2.17%	7.83%
1991	2.16%	7.83%
1990	2.17%	7.91%
1989	2.2%	8.09%
1988	2.26%	8.36%
1987	2.34%	8.7%
1986	2.42%	9.08%
1985	2.5%	9.51%
1984	2.56%	9.98%
1983	2.62%	10.5%
1982	2.66%	10.9%
1981	2.7%	11.4%
1980	2.73%	11.9%
1979	2.75%	12.3%
1978	2.76%	12.8%
1977	2.76%	13.2%
1976	2.76%	-
1975	2.76%	-
1974	2.77%	-
1973	2.78%	-
1972	2.81%	-
1971	2.84%	-
1970	2.88%	-
1969	2.94%	-
1968	3.02%	-
1967	3.11%	-
1966	3.23%	-
1965	3.38%	-
1964	3.55%	-
1963	3.76%	-
1962	3.99%	-
1961	4.26%	-
1960	4.55%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.45% in Russia and 4% in Turkmenistan. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.