Fertility & birth rates in South Korea and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in South Korea vs Turkmenistan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in South Korea was 0.72 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check South Korea vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	South Korea	Turkmenistan
1960	5.99	6.59
1961	5.8	6.69
1962	5.56	6.76
1963	5.33	6.79
1964	5.07	6.79
1965	4.89	6.76
1966	4.78	6.7
1967	4.62	6.64
1968	4.51	6.56
1969	4.45	6.48
1970	4.53	6.4
1971	4.54	6.32
1972	4.12	6.2
1973	4.07	6.15
1974	3.77	6.09
1975	3.43	6
1976	3	5.9
1977	2.99	5.77
1978	2.64	5.61
1979	2.9	5.46
1980	2.82	5.3
1981	2.57	5.16
1982	2.39	5.04
1983	2.06	4.97
1984	1.74	4.96
1985	1.66	4.97
1986	1.58	4.94
1987	1.53	4.84
1988	1.55	4.68
1989	1.56	4.46
1990	1.57	4.29
1991	1.71	4.14
1992	1.76	3.96
1993	1.65	3.78
1994	1.66	3.62
1995	1.63	3.49
1996	1.57	3.29
1997	1.54	3.18
1998	1.46	3.08
1999	1.43	2.98
2000	1.48	2.9
2001	1.31	2.81
2002	1.18	2.71
2003	1.19	2.67
2004	1.16	2.67
2005	1.09	2.71
2006	1.13	2.72
2007	1.26	2.73
2008	1.19	2.75
2009	1.15	2.79
2010	1.23	2.85
2011	1.24	2.9
2012	1.3	2.96
2013	1.19	3.01
2014	1.21	3.02
2015	1.24	3.03
2016	1.17	2.99
2017	1.05	2.93
2018	0.98	2.88
2019	0.92	2.83
2020	0.84	2.79
2021	0.81	2.75
2022	0.78	2.73
2023	0.72	2.69
2024	0.73	2.66
2025	0.75	2.63
2026	0.76	2.6
2027	0.78	2.57
2028	0.79	2.54
2029	0.8	2.51
2030	0.82	2.49
2031	0.83	2.46
2032	0.84	2.43
2033	0.85	2.41
2034	0.86	2.39
2035	0.88	2.37
2036	0.89	2.35
2037	0.9	2.33
2038	0.91	2.31
2039	0.92	2.29
2040	0.93	2.27
2041	0.95	2.26
2042	0.96	2.24
2043	0.96	2.22
2044	0.97	2.21
2045	0.98	2.19
2046	0.99	2.18
2047	1	2.16
2048	1.01	2.15
2049	1.02	2.14
2050	1.03	2.13

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	South Korea	Turkmenistan
1960	41.3%	40.4%
1961	41.8%	41.7%
1962	42.3%	42.8%
1963	42.7%	43.8%
1964	43.1%	44.5%
1965	43.3%	44.9%
1966	43.5%	45.2%
1967	43.3%	45.4%
1968	43.1%	45.6%
1969	42.7%	45.5%
1970	42.1%	45.4%
1971	41.5%	45.1%
1972	41%	44.8%
1973	40.3%	44.4%
1974	39.5%	43.9%
1975	38.5%	43.4%
1976	37.5%	43%
1977	36.5%	42.5%
1978	35.6%	42.1%
1979	34.8%	41.6%
1980	34%	41.3%
1981	33.3%	41%
1982	32.7%	40.8%
1983	32%	40.7%
1984	31.2%	40.7%
1985	30.2%	40.7%
1986	29.2%	40.8%
1987	28.2%	41%
1988	27.3%	41.1%
1989	26.5%	41.2%
1990	25.8%	41.2%
1991	25.2%	41.2%
1992	24.7%	41.1%
1993	24.2%	41%
1994	23.7%	40.8%
1995	23.1%	40.5%
1996	22.5%	40.2%
1997	22%	39.6%
1998	21.6%	38.9%
1999	21.2%	38.1%
2000	21%	37.3%
2001	20.8%	36.4%
2002	20.5%	35.6%
2003	20.1%	34.8%
2004	19.7%	34%
2005	19.2%	33.3%
2006	18.7%	32.6%
2007	18.1%	31.9%
2008	17.5%	31.3%
2009	16.9%	30.8%
2010	16.4%	30.3%
2011	15.8%	30%
2012	15.2%	29.7%
2013	14.7%	29.6%
2014	14.2%	29.6%
2015	13.8%	29.7%
2016	13.4%	29.9%
2017	13%	30.2%
2018	12.7%	30.5%
2019	12.4%	30.9%
2020	12.1%	31.2%
2021	11.8%	31.5%
2022	11.4%	31.7%
2023	11%	31.7%
2024	10.6%	31.5%
2025	10.2%	31.2%
2026	9.82%	30.8%
2027	9.42%	30.3%
2028	9.06%	29.7%
2029	8.75%	29.1%
2030	8.43%	28.4%
2031	8.15%	27.7%
2032	7.94%	27%
2033	7.79%	26.4%
2034	7.7%	25.8%
2035	7.66%	25.3%
2036	7.65%	24.8%
2037	7.66%	24.4%
2038	7.68%	24%
2039	7.71%	23.7%
2040	7.73%	23.4%
2041	7.75%	23.3%
2042	7.76%	23.1%
2043	7.77%	23.1%
2044	7.78%	23%
2045	7.79%	23%
2046	7.8%	23%
2047	7.81%	23%
2048	7.82%	23%
2049	7.82%	23%
2050	7.83%	22.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 10.6% of the population in South Korea and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 25.8% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of South Korea and Turkmenistan compared.

Natural population change in South Korea vs Turkmenistan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.06% in South Korea and +1.9% in Turkmenistan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	South Korea	Turkmenistan
1960	728,010	49,436
1961	730,173	51,659
1962	712,590	53,248
1963	685,824	54,203
1964	655,501	54,574
1965	641,090	54,558
1966	623,534	54,353
1967	692,169	54,209
1968	684,487	54,324
1969	694,227	54,791
1970	747,987	55,617
1971	789,185	56,666
1972	740,469	57,326
1973	699,115	59,169
1974	673,030	60,925
1975	603,300	62,681
1976	530,558	64,513
1977	578,947	66,318
1978	499,084	68,437
1979	623,068	71,135
1980	583,294	74,394
1981	631,189	77,829
1982	605,626	80,989
1983	514,844	85,183
1984	436,384	90,591
1985	416,219	95,890
1986	395,651	100,930
1987	378,758	103,885
1988	399,297	104,802
1989	403,266	103,553
1990	411,546	101,099
1991	467,594	99,297
1992	494,352	96,668
1993	477,302	92,596
1994	473,200	89,319
1995	468,967	86,289
1996	446,142	80,996
1997	422,773	79,045
1998	393,436	77,342
1999	368,272	76,362
2000	390,167	76,875
2001	312,643	76,682
2002	247,752	75,639
2003	244,251	76,737
2004	225,988	79,850
2005	187,920	83,968
2006	203,441	87,840
2007	248,286	92,038
2008	215,841	96,815
2009	197,231	102,931
2010	213,083	109,318
2011	214,728	115,197
2012	215,859	120,957
2013	166,415	126,217
2014	167,464	129,677
2015	163,248	132,663
2016	122,923	132,581
2017	71,907	131,417
2018	30,951	129,537
2019	10,353	128,275
2020	-31,101	124,014
2021	-56,947	122,721
2022	-124,014	121,814
2023	-77,569	117,529

Maternal mortality chart: South Korea vs Turkmenistan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 4 deaths per 100,000 live births in South Korea, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	South Korea	Turkmenistan
1985	38	77
1986	35	75
1987	34	72
1988	31	69
1989	29	65
1990	28	62
1991	28	60
1992	26	58
1993	24	56
1994	23	54
1995	22	50
1996	20	46
1997	19	40
1998	18	34
1999	17	29
2000	15	25
2001	14	22
2002	13	20
2003	13	18
2004	12	17
2005	11	15
2006	10	14
2007	10	13
2008	9	11
2009	9	10
2010	8	9
2011	8	8
2012	8	7
2013	7	7
2014	7	6
2015	6	6
2016	6	6
2017	6	5
2018	5	5
2019	5	5
2020	12	5
2021	5	6
2022	7	5
2023	4	5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.28% in South Korea and 4% in Turkmenistan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	South Korea	Turkmenistan
1960	11.2%	-
1961	10.6%	-
1962	10.1%	-
1963	9.67%	-
1964	9.18%	-
1965	8.68%	-
1966	8.16%	-
1967	7.62%	-
1968	7.1%	-
1969	6.59%	-
1970	6.12%	-
1971	5.71%	-
1972	5.36%	-
1973	5.07%	-
1974	4.82%	-
1975	4.61%	-
1976	4.42%	-
1977	4.23%	13.2%
1978	4.04%	12.8%
1979	3.84%	12.3%
1980	3.63%	11.9%
1981	3.4%	11.4%
1982	3.17%	10.9%
1983	2.93%	10.5%
1984	2.7%	9.98%
1985	2.46%	9.51%
1986	2.25%	9.08%
1987	2.05%	8.7%
1988	1.87%	8.36%
1989	1.71%	8.09%
1990	1.57%	7.91%
1991	1.44%	7.83%
1992	1.33%	7.83%
1993	1.23%	7.87%
1994	1.14%	7.92%
1995	1.05%	7.94%
1996	0.98%	7.9%
1997	0.91%	7.79%
1998	0.85%	7.59%
1999	0.8%	7.31%
2000	0.75%	6.97%
2001	0.71%	6.61%
2002	0.68%	6.24%
2003	0.64%	5.88%
2004	0.6%	5.56%
2005	0.56%	5.25%
2006	0.52%	4.99%
2007	0.48%	4.77%
2008	0.45%	4.6%
2009	0.43%	4.45%
2010	0.41%	4.36%
2011	0.4%	4.29%
2012	0.38%	4.25%
2013	0.37%	4.25%
2014	0.36%	4.25%
2015	0.35%	4.29%
2016	0.34%	4.33%
2017	0.33%	4.37%
2018	0.32%	4.36%
2019	0.31%	4.33%
2020	0.3%	4.26%
2021	0.29%	4.18%
2022	0.28%	4.1%
2023	0.28%	4%