Fertility & birth rates in India and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in India vs Turkmenistan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	India	Turkmenistan
1960	5.92	6.59
1961	5.94	6.69
1962	5.95	6.76
1963	5.97	6.79
1964	5.98	6.79
1965	5.94	6.76
1966	5.88	6.7
1967	5.83	6.64
1968	5.76	6.56
1969	5.68	6.48
1970	5.62	6.4
1971	5.57	6.32
1972	5.48	6.2
1973	5.4	6.15
1974	5.33	6.09
1975	5.2	6
1976	5.13	5.9
1977	5.01	5.77
1978	4.89	5.61
1979	4.81	5.46
1980	4.78	5.3
1981	4.7	5.16
1982	4.62	5.04
1983	4.57	4.97
1984	4.52	4.96
1985	4.43	4.97
1986	4.4	4.94
1987	4.31	4.84
1988	4.22	4.68
1989	4.13	4.46
1990	4.05	4.29
1991	3.96	4.14
1992	3.88	3.96
1993	3.8	3.78
1994	3.72	3.62
1995	3.65	3.49
1996	3.58	3.29
1997	3.51	3.18
1998	3.45	3.08
1999	3.38	2.98
2000	3.35	2.9
2001	3.3	2.81
2002	3.22	2.71
2003	3.12	2.67
2004	3.05	2.67
2005	2.96	2.71
2006	2.87	2.72
2007	2.78	2.73
2008	2.71	2.75
2009	2.67	2.79
2010	2.6	2.85
2011	2.53	2.9
2012	2.47	2.96
2013	2.4	3.01
2014	2.29	3.02
2015	2.29	3.03
2016	2.28	2.99
2017	2.19	2.93
2018	2.18	2.88
2019	2.12	2.83
2020	2.05	2.79
2021	2.01	2.75
2022	1.99	2.73
2023	1.98	2.69
2024	1.96	2.66
2025	1.94	2.63
2026	1.93	2.6
2027	1.91	2.57
2028	1.9	2.54
2029	1.89	2.51
2030	1.88	2.49
2031	1.87	2.46
2032	1.86	2.43
2033	1.85	2.41
2034	1.84	2.39
2035	1.84	2.37
2036	1.83	2.35
2037	1.82	2.33
2038	1.81	2.31
2039	1.81	2.29
2040	1.8	2.27
2041	1.8	2.26
2042	1.79	2.24
2043	1.79	2.22
2044	1.78	2.21
2045	1.78	2.19
2046	1.78	2.18
2047	1.77	2.16
2048	1.77	2.15
2049	1.77	2.14
2050	1.76	2.13

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	India	Turkmenistan
1960	40.6%	40.4%
1961	40.9%	41.7%
1962	41.2%	42.8%
1963	41.5%	43.8%
1964	41.6%	44.5%
1965	41.7%	44.9%
1966	41.7%	45.2%
1967	41.6%	45.4%
1968	41.5%	45.6%
1969	41.5%	45.5%
1970	41.4%	45.4%
1971	41.2%	45.1%
1972	41.1%	44.8%
1973	41%	44.4%
1974	40.8%	43.9%
1975	40.7%	43.4%
1976	40.5%	43%
1977	40.3%	42.5%
1978	40.1%	42.1%
1979	40%	41.6%
1980	39.8%	41.3%
1981	39.7%	41%
1982	39.6%	40.8%
1983	39.5%	40.7%
1984	39.4%	40.7%
1985	39.3%	40.7%
1986	39.2%	40.8%
1987	39.1%	41%
1988	38.9%	41.1%
1989	38.8%	41.2%
1990	38.6%	41.2%
1991	38.4%	41.2%
1992	38.1%	41.1%
1993	37.9%	41%
1994	37.6%	40.8%
1995	37.3%	40.5%
1996	37%	40.2%
1997	36.7%	39.6%
1998	36.3%	38.9%
1999	35.9%	38.1%
2000	35.6%	37.3%
2001	35.2%	36.4%
2002	34.8%	35.6%
2003	34.4%	34.8%
2004	34%	34%
2005	33.6%	33.3%
2006	33.1%	32.6%
2007	32.7%	31.9%
2008	32.2%	31.3%
2009	31.8%	30.8%
2010	31.3%	30.3%
2011	30.9%	30%
2012	30.4%	29.7%
2013	29.9%	29.6%
2014	29.4%	29.6%
2015	28.9%	29.7%
2016	28.4%	29.9%
2017	27.8%	30.2%
2018	27.3%	30.5%
2019	26.8%	30.9%
2020	26.3%	31.2%
2021	25.9%	31.5%
2022	25.5%	31.7%
2023	25.1%	31.7%
2024	24.6%	31.5%
2025	24.2%	31.2%
2026	23.8%	30.8%
2027	23.4%	30.3%
2028	23%	29.7%
2029	22.7%	29.1%
2030	22.4%	28.4%
2031	22.1%	27.7%
2032	21.8%	27%
2033	21.5%	26.4%
2034	21.3%	25.8%
2035	21%	25.3%
2036	20.8%	24.8%
2037	20.6%	24.4%
2038	20.4%	24%
2039	20.2%	23.7%
2040	19.9%	23.4%
2041	19.7%	23.3%
2042	19.5%	23.1%
2043	19.3%	23.1%
2044	19.1%	23%
2045	18.8%	23%
2046	18.6%	23%
2047	18.4%	23%
2048	18.2%	23%
2049	18%	23%
2050	17.8%	22.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Turkmenistan compared.

Natural population change in India vs Turkmenistan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and +1.9% in Turkmenistan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	India	Turkmenistan
1960	10,237,489	49,436
1961	10,468,816	51,659
1962	10,743,409	53,248
1963	11,016,705	54,203
1964	11,285,378	54,574
1965	10,925,714	54,558
1966	11,089,894	54,353
1967	11,279,897	54,209
1968	12,006,807	54,324
1969	12,167,671	54,791
1970	12,417,866	55,617
1971	12,787,104	56,666
1972	13,041,792	57,326
1973	13,412,707	59,169
1974	13,795,836	60,925
1975	13,958,642	62,681
1976	14,435,504	64,513
1977	14,575,662	66,318
1978	14,898,145	68,437
1979	15,392,957	71,135
1980	16,018,786	74,394
1981	16,422,159	77,829
1982	16,790,507	80,989
1983	17,219,127	85,183
1984	17,698,810	90,591
1985	17,968,697	95,890
1986	18,455,495	100,930
1987	18,496,213	103,885
1988	18,702,916	104,802
1989	18,848,915	103,553
1990	18,893,588	101,099
1991	19,049,524	99,297
1992	19,132,757	96,668
1993	19,152,399	92,596
1994	19,310,798	89,319
1995	19,396,161	86,289
1996	19,442,699	80,996
1997	19,494,098	79,045
1998	19,569,575	77,342
1999	19,648,424	76,362
2000	19,984,160	76,875
2001	20,182,573	76,682
2002	20,024,621	75,639
2003	19,720,507	76,737
2004	19,469,758	79,850
2005	19,034,839	83,968
2006	18,641,737	87,840
2007	18,331,648	92,038
2008	18,234,926	96,815
2009	18,286,055	102,931
2010	17,991,935	109,318
2011	17,793,362	115,197
2012	17,552,365	120,957
2013	17,107,541	126,217
2014	16,165,943	129,677
2015	16,211,195	132,663
2016	16,202,593	132,581
2017	15,394,041	131,417
2018	15,451,168	129,537
2019	14,859,846	128,275
2020	13,366,946	124,014
2021	10,227,523	122,721
2022	13,912,130	121,814
2023	13,711,993	117,529

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Turkmenistan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	India	Turkmenistan
1985	658	77
1986	624	75
1987	592	72
1988	562	69
1989	538	65
1990	516	62
1991	498	60
1992	482	58
1993	467	56
1994	451	54
1995	437	50
1996	422	46
1997	407	40
1998	393	34
1999	378	29
2000	362	25
2001	349	22
2002	330	20
2003	313	18
2004	296	17
2005	277	15
2006	258	14
2007	240	13
2008	223	11
2009	205	10
2010	188	9
2011	173	8
2012	160	7
2013	148	7
2014	137	6
2015	129	6
2016	121	6
2017	113	5
2018	107	5
2019	101	5
2020	101	5
2021	155	6
2022	90	5
2023	80	5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 4% in Turkmenistan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	India	Turkmenistan
1960	24.1%	-
1961	23.8%	-
1962	23.5%	-
1963	23.2%	-
1964	22.9%	-
1965	22.7%	-
1966	22.4%	-
1967	22.2%	-
1968	22%	-
1969	21.7%	-
1970	21.5%	-
1971	21.2%	-
1972	20.8%	-
1973	20.5%	-
1974	20.1%	-
1975	19.6%	-
1976	19.1%	-
1977	18.6%	13.2%
1978	18%	12.8%
1979	17.5%	12.3%
1980	16.9%	11.9%
1981	16.4%	11.4%
1982	15.9%	10.9%
1983	15.5%	10.5%
1984	15%	9.98%
1985	14.6%	9.51%
1986	14.2%	9.08%
1987	13.8%	8.7%
1988	13.4%	8.36%
1989	13%	8.09%
1990	12.7%	7.91%
1991	12.3%	7.83%
1992	12%	7.83%
1993	11.6%	7.87%
1994	11.3%	7.92%
1995	11%	7.94%
1996	10.6%	7.9%
1997	10.3%	7.79%
1998	9.89%	7.59%
1999	9.53%	7.31%
2000	9.16%	6.97%
2001	8.8%	6.61%
2002	8.45%	6.24%
2003	8.11%	5.88%
2004	7.77%	5.56%
2005	7.44%	5.25%
2006	7.11%	4.99%
2007	6.79%	4.77%
2008	6.46%	4.6%
2009	6.14%	4.45%
2010	5.82%	4.36%
2011	5.5%	4.29%
2012	5.2%	4.25%
2013	4.91%	4.25%
2014	4.63%	4.25%
2015	4.36%	4.29%
2016	4.11%	4.33%
2017	3.87%	4.37%
2018	3.64%	4.36%
2019	3.43%	4.33%
2020	3.24%	4.26%
2021	3.06%	4.18%
2022	2.91%	4.1%
2023	2.77%	4%