Fertility & birth rates in Tonga and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in Tonga vs Turkmenistan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tonga was 3.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tonga vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Tonga	Turkmenistan
1960	6.65	6.59
1961	6.61	6.69
1962	6.57	6.76
1963	6.52	6.79
1964	6.46	6.79
1965	6.41	6.76
1966	6.35	6.7
1967	6.29	6.64
1968	6.23	6.56
1969	6.17	6.48
1970	6.07	6.4
1971	5.96	6.32
1972	5.86	6.2
1973	5.8	6.15
1974	5.77	6.09
1975	5.75	6
1976	5.73	5.9
1977	5.7	5.77
1978	5.68	5.61
1979	5.65	5.46
1980	5.6	5.3
1981	5.55	5.16
1982	5.5	5.04
1983	5.45	4.97
1984	5.41	4.96
1985	5.34	4.97
1986	5.27	4.94
1987	5.19	4.84
1988	5.1	4.68
1989	5.01	4.46
1990	4.93	4.29
1991	4.85	4.14
1992	4.79	3.96
1993	4.73	3.78
1994	4.66	3.62
1995	4.56	3.49
1996	4.46	3.29
1997	4.38	3.18
1998	4.31	3.08
1999	4.23	2.98
2000	4.16	2.9
2001	4.13	2.81
2002	4.14	2.71
2003	4.18	2.67
2004	4.19	2.67
2005	4.2	2.71
2006	4.14	2.72
2007	4.09	2.73
2008	4.01	2.75
2009	3.95	2.79
2010	3.88	2.85
2011	3.83	2.9
2012	3.77	2.96
2013	3.7	3.01
2014	3.62	3.02
2015	3.54	3.03
2016	3.46	2.99
2017	3.39	2.93
2018	3.33	2.88
2019	3.27	2.83
2020	3.23	2.79
2021	3.2	2.75
2022	3.17	2.73
2023	3.13	2.69
2024	3.1	2.66
2025	3.07	2.63
2026	3.04	2.6
2027	3	2.57
2028	2.97	2.54
2029	2.95	2.51
2030	2.91	2.49
2031	2.89	2.46
2032	2.85	2.43
2033	2.82	2.41
2034	2.8	2.39
2035	2.77	2.37
2036	2.75	2.35
2037	2.72	2.33
2038	2.7	2.31
2039	2.68	2.29
2040	2.65	2.27
2041	2.63	2.26
2042	2.61	2.24
2043	2.59	2.22
2044	2.56	2.21
2045	2.54	2.19
2046	2.52	2.18
2047	2.5	2.16
2048	2.49	2.15
2049	2.47	2.14
2050	2.45	2.13

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Tonga	Turkmenistan
1960	45.7%	40.4%
1961	45.7%	41.7%
1962	45.8%	42.8%
1963	45.9%	43.8%
1964	45.9%	44.5%
1965	45.9%	44.9%
1966	45.9%	45.2%
1967	46%	45.4%
1968	46.2%	45.6%
1969	46.3%	45.5%
1970	46.4%	45.4%
1971	46.4%	45.1%
1972	46.3%	44.8%
1973	46.2%	44.4%
1974	46.2%	43.9%
1975	46.2%	43.4%
1976	46.1%	43%
1977	45.8%	42.5%
1978	45.3%	42.1%
1979	44.8%	41.6%
1980	44.3%	41.3%
1981	43.9%	41%
1982	43.4%	40.8%
1983	42.9%	40.7%
1984	42.4%	40.7%
1985	42%	40.7%
1986	41.7%	40.8%
1987	41.5%	41%
1988	41.2%	41.1%
1989	40.9%	41.2%
1990	40.8%	41.2%
1991	40.6%	41.2%
1992	40.5%	41.1%
1993	40.3%	41%
1994	40.1%	40.8%
1995	39.9%	40.5%
1996	39.7%	40.2%
1997	39.3%	39.6%
1998	38.9%	38.9%
1999	38.6%	38.1%
2000	38.3%	37.3%
2001	38.2%	36.4%
2002	38.1%	35.6%
2003	38.1%	34.8%
2004	38.2%	34%
2005	38.3%	33.3%
2006	38.3%	32.6%
2007	38.3%	31.9%
2008	38%	31.3%
2009	37.8%	30.8%
2010	37.6%	30.3%
2011	37.4%	30%
2012	37.2%	29.7%
2013	37.1%	29.6%
2014	36.9%	29.6%
2015	36.7%	29.7%
2016	36.5%	29.9%
2017	36.4%	30.2%
2018	36.2%	30.5%
2019	36%	30.9%
2020	35.8%	31.2%
2021	35.7%	31.5%
2022	35.6%	31.7%
2023	35.6%	31.7%
2024	35.4%	31.5%
2025	34.9%	31.2%
2026	34.4%	30.8%
2027	33.8%	30.3%
2028	33.3%	29.7%
2029	32.6%	29.1%
2030	32%	28.4%
2031	31.6%	27.7%
2032	31.2%	27%
2033	31%	26.4%
2034	30.8%	25.8%
2035	30.7%	25.3%
2036	30.5%	24.8%
2037	30.4%	24.4%
2038	30.3%	24%
2039	30.2%	23.7%
2040	30.1%	23.4%
2041	30.1%	23.3%
2042	30%	23.1%
2043	30%	23.1%
2044	29.9%	23%
2045	29.8%	23%
2046	29.6%	23%
2047	29.5%	23%
2048	29.2%	23%
2049	29%	23%
2050	28.7%	22.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 35.4% of the population in Tonga and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 40.8% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tonga and Turkmenistan compared.

Natural population change in Tonga vs Turkmenistan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.79% in Tonga and +1.9% in Turkmenistan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Tonga	Turkmenistan
1960	2,230	49,436
1961	2,284	51,659
1962	2,343	53,248
1963	2,394	54,203
1964	2,445	54,574
1965	2,498	54,558
1966	2,550	54,353
1967	2,603	54,209
1968	2,614	54,324
1969	2,632	54,791
1970	2,628	55,617
1971	2,611	56,666
1972	2,605	57,326
1973	2,617	59,169
1974	2,650	60,925
1975	2,709	62,681
1976	2,769	64,513
1977	2,822	66,318
1978	2,862	68,437
1979	2,884	71,135
1980	2,885	74,394
1981	2,882	77,829
1982	2,853	80,989
1983	2,840	85,183
1984	2,814	90,591
1985	2,762	95,890
1986	2,704	100,930
1987	2,646	103,885
1988	2,649	104,802
1989	2,644	103,553
1990	2,641	101,099
1991	2,637	99,297
1992	2,622	96,668
1993	2,594	92,596
1994	2,547	89,319
1995	2,476	86,289
1996	2,393	80,996
1997	2,332	79,045
1998	2,344	77,342
1999	2,352	76,362
2000	2,346	76,875
2001	2,358	76,682
2002	2,396	75,639
2003	2,448	76,737
2004	2,478	79,850
2005	2,495	83,968
2006	2,459	87,840
2007	2,423	92,038
2008	2,397	96,815
2009	2,358	102,931
2010	2,332	109,318
2011	2,298	115,197
2012	2,255	120,957
2013	2,199	126,217
2014	2,135	129,677
2015	2,064	132,663
2016	1,989	132,581
2017	1,912	131,417
2018	1,873	129,537
2019	1,841	128,275
2020	1,816	124,014
2021	1,773	122,721
2022	1,772	121,814
2023	1,744	117,529

Maternal mortality chart: Tonga vs Turkmenistan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tonga, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Tonga	Turkmenistan
1985	148	77
1986	149	75
1987	147	72
1988	145	69
1989	139	65
1990	138	62
1991	134	60
1992	129	58
1993	127	56
1994	123	54
1995	117	50
1996	113	46
1997	111	40
1998	104	34
1999	99	29
2000	100	25
2001	98	22
2002	98	20
2003	95	18
2004	92	17
2005	92	15
2006	89	14
2007	88	13
2008	88	11
2009	91	10
2010	85	9
2011	84	8
2012	83	7
2013	80	7
2014	80	6
2015	79	6
2016	78	6
2017	77	5
2018	74	5
2019	73	5
2020	74	5
2021	76	6
2022	72	5
2023	67	5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.99% in Tonga and 4% in Turkmenistan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Tonga	Turkmenistan
1963	7.83%	-
1964	7.35%	-
1965	6.89%	-
1966	6.45%	-
1967	6.03%	-
1968	5.63%	-
1969	5.25%	-
1970	4.91%	-
1971	4.61%	-
1972	4.35%	-
1973	4.11%	-
1974	3.9%	-
1975	3.71%	-
1976	3.53%	-
1977	3.37%	13.2%
1978	3.22%	12.8%
1979	3.09%	12.3%
1980	2.97%	11.9%
1981	2.87%	11.4%
1982	2.78%	10.9%
1983	2.7%	10.5%
1984	2.63%	9.98%
1985	2.57%	9.51%
1986	2.51%	9.08%
1987	2.44%	8.7%
1988	2.37%	8.36%
1989	2.29%	8.09%
1990	2.21%	7.91%
1991	2.14%	7.83%
1992	2.06%	7.83%
1993	2%	7.87%
1994	1.94%	7.92%
1995	1.89%	7.94%
1996	1.85%	7.9%
1997	1.81%	7.79%
1998	1.78%	7.59%
1999	1.74%	7.31%
2000	1.7%	6.97%
2001	1.65%	6.61%
2002	1.61%	6.24%
2003	1.56%	5.88%
2004	1.52%	5.56%
2005	1.48%	5.25%
2006	1.44%	4.99%
2007	1.41%	4.77%
2008	1.37%	4.6%
2009	1.34%	4.45%
2010	1.31%	4.36%
2011	1.29%	4.29%
2012	1.26%	4.25%
2013	1.24%	4.25%
2014	1.22%	4.25%
2015	1.19%	4.29%
2016	1.17%	4.33%
2017	1.15%	4.37%
2018	1.12%	4.36%
2019	1.1%	4.33%
2020	1.08%	4.26%
2021	1.05%	4.18%
2022	1.02%	4.1%
2023	0.99%	4%